HVAC system strategies for energy conservation in commercial buildings in Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 3457-3466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fasiuddin ◽  
I. Budaiwi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Hvac System

scholarly journals Building Retrofit and Energy Conservation/Efficiency Review: A Techno-Environ-Economic Assessment of Heat Pump System Retrofit in Housing Stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Mustapha Mukhtar ◽  
Bismark Ameyaw ◽  
Nasser Yimen ◽  
Quixin Zhang ◽  
Olusola Bamisile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Air Conditioners

The world has not been able to achieve minimum greenhouse gas emissions in buildings’ energy consumptions because the energy and emissions optimization techniques have not been fully utilized. Thermal comfort is one of the most important issues for both residential and commercial buildings. Out of the 40% of global energy consumed by buildings, a large fraction is used to maintain their thermal comfort. In this study, a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in building energy conservation and efficiency application is presented based on existing high-quality research papers. Additionally, the retrofit of the heating/cooling and hot water system for an entire community in Cyprus is presented. This study aims to analyze the technical and environmental benefits of replacing existing electric heaters for hot water with heat pump water heating systems and the use of heat pump air conditioners for thermal comfort in place of the existing ordinary air conditioners for space heating and cooling. One administrative building, 86 apartments (including residential and commercial) buildings, and a restaurant building is retrofitted, and the feasibility of the project is determined based on three economic indicators, namely; simple payback period (SPP), internal rate of return (IRR), and net present value (NPV). The electrical energy required by the hot water systems and the heating/cooling system is reduced by 263,564 kWh/yr and 144,825 kWh/yr, respectively. Additionally, the retrofit project will reduce Cyprus’ CO2 emission by 121,592.8 kg yearly. The SPP, IRR, and NPV for the project show that the retrofit is economically feasible.

Households energy conservation in Saudi Arabia: Lessons learnt from change-agents driven interventions program

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 998-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh Md Nahiduzzaman ◽  
Adel S. Aldosary ◽  
Abdullatif Said Abdallah ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Harn Wei Kua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Lessons Learnt

scholarly journals Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning System Optimization Control Strategy Involving Fan Coil Unit Temperature Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Ming Lin ◽  
Hsin-Yu Liu ◽  
Ko-Ying Tseng ◽  
Sheng-Fuu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimization Control

The objective of this study was to develop a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system optimization control strategy involving fan coil unit (FCU) temperature control for energy conservation in chilled water systems to enhance the operating efficiency of HVAC systems. The proposed control strategy involves three techniques, which are described as follows. The first technique is an algorithm for dynamic FCU temperature setting, which enables the FCU temperature to be set in accordance with changes in the outdoor temperature to satisfy the indoor thermal comfort for occupants. The second technique is an approach for determining the indoor cold air demand, which collects the set FCU temperature and converts it to the refrigeration ton required for the chilled water system; this serves as the control target for ensuring optimal HVAC operation. The third technique is a genetic algorithm for calculating the minimum energy consumption for an HVAC system. The genetic algorithm determines the pump operating frequency associated with minimum energy consumption per refrigeration ton to control energy conservation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HVAC system optimization control strategy combining FCU temperature control, this study conducted a field experiment. The results revealed that the proposed strategy enabled an HVAC system to achieve 39.71% energy conservation compared with an HVAC system operating at full load.

Developing sustainable energy policies for electrical energy conservation in Saudi Arabia

Energy Policy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
pp. 1556-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Al-Ajlan ◽  
A.M. Al-Ibrahim ◽  
M. Abdulkhaleq ◽  
F. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Policies

Effect of Prismatic Skylight on the Power Consumption and Air-Conditioning Loads

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Munera ◽  
Yong X. Tao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Big Box ◽  
Hot And Humid Climate

The use of Prismatic Skylights and its effects as a passive Energy Conservation Strategy in “Residential” and “Big Box Commercial Buildings” in hot and humid climate has been evaluated throughout this project. The potential benefits of using skylights reside in the fact that it reduces electrical lighting necessities but at the same time it contributes to an upsurge of the Cooling Loads of the conditioned space. Acknowledging the impact of skylights is fundamental to elaborate an optimized design of a building’s energy efficient mechanical system. To reach a sound conclusion, the evaluated buildings were modeled and their performance was simulated using the Department of Energy Simulation Program “Energy Plus”. To be able to compare the Energy Conservation Measure case (Using Skylights) with the Base Line (No Skylights), a photometric sensor was modeled to ensure that both cases sourced the same amount of light visible in the electromagnetic spectrum. Considering the Heating, Cooling and lighting energy consumption as variables, the variance between the ECM and the Base line for the residential case was 5% more energy consumption with skylights. For the Big Box Commercial Building there was a 5% deduction in energy consumption in the ECM case using 5% roof area covered with skylights. The results obtained from this investigation reveal a very promising effect in the implementation of skylights in “Big Box Commercial Buildings”, but not so optimistic in the case of “Residential Buildings” for hot and humid climate as shown by the simulation and monitoring data from the experimental case.

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