Linking energy efficiency policies toward 4th generation district heating system

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121245
Author(s):  
Ieva Pakere ◽  
Armands Gravelsins ◽  
Dace Lauka ◽  
Gatis Bazbauers ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policies

scholarly journals Management of modernization of heat supply system of the region in the context of its sustainable development

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-36
Author(s):  
Tetiana Zheliuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Supply System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Supply System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Sustainable Development

Introduction. One of the main directions of ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy and its regions is the reform of the energy sector, which can take place through the modernization or innovation of its components. An important component of these reforms is to provide the population with the environmentally friendly and socially safe thermal energy. At the present stage of management, the heat supply is the most costly branch of public utilities, which is supplemented by the problems of the inefficient fuel balance structure; worn-out infrastructure and low energy efficiency. This highlights the need to study the management of modernization of the heat supply system in the region in view of the declared vectors of the long-term development. Object of research is the process of managing the modernization of the heat supply system in the region. Subject of the research is a set of scientific approaches and practical mechanisms of modernization of the heat supply system of the region in the context of ensuring its sustainable development. Objective. The conceptual foundations of modernization of the heat supply system of the region in the context of its sustainable development through the introduction of the innovative technologies both in the management process and in the energy sector itself is substantiated in the paper. Methods. The following general scientific methods were used during the research process: system, structural analysis, grouping, when studying the structural elements and isolation of problems of development of the heat supply system of the region; historical analysis, when considering the scientific principles and institutional mechanism of modernization of the region’s heat supply system; comparative analysis in assessing the possibilities of the green transition of the heat supply system of the region and also when considering the features of the use of grant resources in the modernization of the heat supply system of the region; economic analysis in assessing the current state of the district heating system, etc. results. The essential determinants of the heat supply system of the region are analyzed, the objective need, organizational and economic mechanisms for managing the modernization of the heat supply, taking into account the need for the balanced development of the energy sector of the region are verified. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiation of the conceptual approaches to the management of modernization of the heat supply system of the region by innovating the forms and methods of managerial influence on the heat supply system of the region. The conclusion is made about the following effective approaches in managing the modernization of the district heating system: planning of the sustainable development of the energy sector, development of programs for modernization of the district heating, implementation of the infrastructure and soft projects, implementation of the international projects, motivation of households and entrepreneurship in the heat sector, participation in the grant requests, in state crediting programs, realization of the business projects in the field of production of environmentally friendly fuel; conducting an information campaign among the population and other key market players to raise the awareness of the energy efficiency financing mechanisms. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the developed recommendations will be used to improve the organizational and economic mechanism of management of the district heating system modernization and ensure its sustainable development.

scholarly journals Methodology of Indicative Analysis to Determine the Municipal Units for Implementation of the Energy-Saving Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Valery Stennikov ◽  
Ivan Postnikov ◽  
Olga Edeleva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Order Preference

AbstractThis paper proposes a two-stage approach to choose the priority municipal units for implementing required energy efficiency measures in a district heating system. On the first stage the existing state of district heating system of Irkutsk region (Eastern Siberia) was analysed. On the second stage the choice of municipal units is considered as the Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) problem. The authors selected the most valuable criteria such as tariffs, subsidies and etc. that are rather sensitive for consumers and budget. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was applied to identify the priority municipal units for implementing energy efficiency measures.

scholarly journals Model research of the energy efficiency of a cogeneration backpressure steam turbine installation

2020 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Ivan Genovski ◽  
Kaloyan Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Production Method ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Heating Water ◽  
Turbine Installation

In the contemporary district heating systems (DHS) heat energy for the customers is generated by cogeneration method, which leads to the saving of primary energy resources compared to the separate production method. The most widespread technology for combined production is based on steam turbine installations with adjustable steam extraction and backpressure steam turbine. In these technologies district heating water is heated to the required temperature either in district heaters in case of steam turbine with adjustable steam extractions or in boiler-condenser in case of backpressure steam turbine installations. The temperature of the district heat water at the inlet of the CHP installation depends on the mode of operation of the DHS. The heat load, distributed to consumers, is regulated at the heat source (CHP installation) by temperature and flow rate of the district heating water, mainly following the change in climatic factors. Current study presents the development of a simulation model of existing CHP backpressure steam turbine. The object studied is a backpressure steam turbine type SST-300 CE2L/V36S. Presented are results from the validation of the simulated model with data from the design documentation. The model has been used to study the energy efficiency of a steam turbine installation based on multivariate simulation calculations. The results obtained relate the energy efficiency indicators of CHP backpressure steam turbine with the factors that characterize the mode of operation of the district heating system.

scholarly journals Active Management of Heat Customers Towards Lower District Heating Return Water Temperature

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1863
Author(s):  
Tommy Rosén ◽  
Louise Ödlund
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Efficiency Gains ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Return Water

The traditional way of managing the supply and return water temperatures in a district heating system (DHS) is by controlling the supply water temperature. The return water temperature then becomes a passive result that reflects the overall energy efficiency of the DHS. A DHS with many poorly functioning district heating centrals will create a high return water temperature, and the energy efficiency of the DHS will be affected negatively in several ways (e.g., lower efficiency of the flue gas condenser, higher heat losses in pipes, and lower electricity production for a DHS with combined heat and power (CHP)). With a strategic introduction of low-grade heat customers, the return water temperature can be lowered and, to some extent, controlled. With the heat customers connected in parallel, which is the traditional setup, return water temperatures can only be lowered at the same rate as the heat customers are improved. The active management of some customers can lower the return water temperatures faster and, in the long run, lead to better controlled return water temperatures. Active management is defined here as an adjustment of a domestic heating system in order to improve DHS efficiency without affecting the heating service for the individual building. The opposite can be described as passive management, where heat customers are connected to the DHS in a standardized manner, without taking the overall DHS efficiency into consideration. The case study in this article shows possible efficiency gains for the examined DHS at around 7%. Looking at fuel use, there is a large reduction for oil, with 10–30% reduction depending on the case in question, while the reduction is shown to be largest for the case with the lowest return water temperature. The results also show that efficiency gains will increase electricity production by about 1–3%, and that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are reduced by 4–20%.

scholarly journals Automated Statistical Methods for Fault Detection in District Heating Customer Installations

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Månsson ◽  
Kristin Davidsson ◽  
Patrick Lauenburg ◽  
Marcus Thern
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Data Set ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Cooling Performance ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
District Heating Systems

In order to develop more sustainable district heating systems, the district heating sector is currently trying to increase the energy efficiency of these systems. One way of doing so is to identify customer installations in the systems that have poor cooling performance. This study aimed to develop an algorithm that was able to detect the poorly performing installations automatically using meter readings from the installations. The algorithm was developed using statistical methods and was tested on a data set consisting of data from 3000 installations located in a district heating system in Sweden. As many as 1273 installations were identified by the algorithm as having poor cooling performance. This clearly shows that it is of major interest to the district heating companies to identify the installations with poor cooling performance rapidly and automatically, in order to rectify them as soon as possible.

scholarly journals Analysis of Different Strategies for Lowering the Operation Temperature in Existing District Heating Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Neirotti ◽  
Michel Noussan ◽  
Stefano Riverso ◽  
Giorgio Manganini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
District Heating System

District heating systems have an important role in increasing the efficiency of the heating and cooling sector, especially when coupled to combined heat and power plants. However, in the transition towards decarbonization, current systems show some challenges for the integration of Renewable Energy Sources and Waste Heat. In particular, a crucial aspect is represented by the operating temperatures of the network. This paper analyzes two different approaches for the decrease of operation temperatures of existing networks, which are often supplying old buildings with a low degree of insulation. A simulation model was applied to some case studies to evaluate how a low-temperature operation of an existing district heating system performs compared to the standard operation, by considering two different approaches: (1) a different control strategy involving nighttime operation to avoid the morning peak demand; and (2) the partial insulation of the buildings to decrease operation temperatures without the need of modifying the heating system of the users. Different temperatures were considered to evaluate a threshold based on the characteristics of the buildings supplied by the network. The results highlight an interesting potential for optimization of existing systems by tuning the control strategies and performing some energy efficiency operation. The network temperature can be decreased with a continuous operation of the system, or with energy efficiency intervention in buildings, and distributed heat pumps used as integration could provide significant advantages. Each solution has its own limitations and critical parameters, which are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Climate Index for District Heating System

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 406-418
Author(s):  
Ieva Pakere ◽  
Dace Lauka ◽  
Kristiāna Dolge ◽  
Valdis Vitolins ◽  
Ilze Polikarpova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
District Heating System

AbstractDistrict heating (DH) has been highlighted as an important part in future carbon neutral energy supply. However, the performance of different DH systems varies a lot and the existing regulations do not always motivate DH companies to move toward more sustainable heat production. Therefore, this article presents novel methodology for Climate index determination which can be further used for the comparison of DH systems. The Climate index includes seven different indicators which show DH system performance according to energy efficiency, sustainability and environmental impact dimensions. The methodology is applied for 20 different DH systems operating in Latvia. The results show that the performance of 5 natural gas-based DH systems is below the determined climate benchmark.

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