Chemical compositions evolution of groundwater and its pollution characterization due to agricultural activities in Yinchuan Plain, northwest China

2021 ◽  
pp. 111449
Author(s):  
Hualin Wang ◽  
Qingchun Yang ◽  
Hongyun Ma ◽  
Ji Liang
Keyword(s):  
Northwest China ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Yinchuan Plain

Isotopic characteristics of precipitation, surface and ground waters in the Yinchuan plain, Northwest China

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Qian ◽  
Peiyue Li ◽  
Jianhua Wu ◽  
Yahong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Northwest China ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Yinchuan Plain

scholarly journals Using geochemistry and environmental tracers to study shallow unconfined aquifer recharge and mineralization processes in the Yinchuan Plain, arid Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YongFeng Gong ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Bin Ma ◽  
PengFei Qi ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Recharge Sources ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
Yinchuan Plain ◽  
Arid Northwest China

Abstract Irrigation water extracted from the Yellow River plays a key role in water resource management in the Yinchuan Plain (YCP), arid Northwest China. Investigating the soluble matters (ion and gas) of groundwater provides information to explain the unconfined shallow aquifer recharge and groundwater mineralization processes after long-term flood irrigation activity. Environmental tracing with the elements, 2H, 18O, 3H, and CFCs, combining geochemistry using major ions and selected trace elements, was conducted for 43 water samples from September to October 2019 in the YCP. Evaporite and silicate weathering dominate the shallow unconfined groundwater geochemical compositions. Water–rock interactions control the mineralization characteristics regularly along the groundwater flow paths from the southwest toward the northeast. Stable isotopes suggest that Yellow River water and precipitation in winder and/or from Helan Mountainous area are the main recharge sources. The shallow unconfined aquifer mixed young (post-1940) and old (pre-1940) water with young water ratios from 53.1 to 73.5% inferred from the CFC concentrations and 3H activities. Water reinfiltrations extracted from the Yellow River and from the old groundwater are confirmed. Lateral flow recharge for the shallow unconfined aquifer is less indistinctive than that from the water re-infiltration in the plain areas.

Assessment of groundwater vulnerability in the Yinchuan Plain, Northwest China using OREADIC

2011 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 3613-3628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Qian ◽  
Peiyue Li ◽  
Ken W. F. Howard ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Xuedi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Yinchuan Plain

Analytical Electron Microscopy of Ion-Implanted Metals

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
D.I. Potter ◽  
M. Ahmed ◽  
K. Ruffing
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Past ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Property Changes

Ion implantation, used extensively for the past decade in fabricating semiconductor devices, now provides a unique means for altering the near-surface chemical compositions and microstructures of metals. These alterations often significantly improve physical properties that depend on the surface of the material; for example, catalysis, corrosion, oxidation, hardness, friction and wear. Frequently the mechanisms causing these beneficial alterations and property changes remain obscure and much of the current research in the area of ion implantation metallurgy is aimed at identifying such mechanisms. Investigators thus confront two immediate questions: To what extent is the chemical composition changed by implantation? What is the resulting microstructure? These two questions can be investigated very fruitfully with analytical electron microscopy (AEM), as described below.

TEM/AEM characterization of fine-grained clay minerals in very-low-grade rocks: Evaluation of contamination by empa involving celadonite family minerals

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
Gejing Li ◽  
D. R. Peacor ◽  
D. S. Coombs ◽  
Y. Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) have led to many new insights into the structural and chemical characteristics of very finegrained, optically homogeneous mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks. Chemical compositions obtained by electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) on such materials have been shown by TEM/AEM to result from beam overlap on contaminant phases on a scale below resolution of EMPA, which in turn can lead to errors in interpretation and determination of formation conditions. Here we present an in-depth analysis of the relation between AEM and EMPA data, which leads also to the definition of new mineral phases, and demonstrate the resolution power of AEM relative to EMPA in investigations of very fine-grained mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks.Celadonite, having end-member composition KMgFe3+Si4O10(OH)2, and with minor substitution of Fe2+ for Mg and Al for Fe3+ on octahedral sites, is a fine-grained mica widespread in volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic sediments which have undergone low-temperature alteration in the oceanic crust and in burial metamorphic sequences.

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