scholarly journals The association between premorbid cognitive ability and social functioning and suicide among young men: A historical-prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Weiser ◽  
Daphna Fenchel ◽  
Nomi Werbeloff ◽  
Shira Goldberg ◽  
Eyal Fruchter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Young Men

scholarly journals Children’s Greenness Exposure and IQ-Associated DNA Methylation: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7429
Author(s):  
Kyung-Shin Lee ◽  
Yoon-Jung Choi ◽  
Jin-Woo Cho ◽  
Sung-Ji Moon ◽  
Youn-Hee Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

Epigenetics is known to be involved in regulatory pathways through which greenness exposure influences child development and health. We aimed to investigate the associations between residential surrounding greenness and DNA methylation changes in children, and further assessed the association between DNA methylation and children’s intelligence quotient (IQ) in a prospective cohort study. We identified cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sites (CpGs) associated with cognitive abilities from epigenome- and genome-wide association studies through a systematic literature review for candidate gene analysis. We estimated the residential surrounding greenness at age 2 using a geographic information system. DNA methylation was analyzed from whole blood using the HumanMethylationEPIC array in 59 children at age 2. We analyzed the association between greenness exposure and DNA methylation at age 2 at the selected CpGs using multivariable linear regression. We further investigated the relationship between DNA methylation and children’s IQ. We identified 8743 CpGs associated with cognitive ability based on the literature review. Among these CpGs, we found that 25 CpGs were significantly associated with greenness exposure at age 2, including cg26269038 (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 0.05) located in the body of SLC6A3, which encodes a dopamine transporter. DNA methylation at cg26269038 at age 2 was significantly associated with children’s performance IQ at age 6. Exposure to surrounding greenness was associated with cognitive ability-related DNA methylation changes, which was also associated with children’s IQ. Further studies are warranted to clarify the epigenetic pathways linking greenness exposure and neurocognitive function.

scholarly journals Role of cognitive ability in the association between functional health literacy and mortality in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e022502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Fawns-Ritchie ◽  
John M Starr ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Functional Health Literacy ◽  
Fluid Type ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

ObjectivesWe investigated the role that childhood and old age cognitive ability play in the association between functional health literacy and mortality.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThis study used data from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study, which recruited participants living in the Lothian region of Scotland when aged 70 years, most of whom had completed an intelligence test at age 11 years.Participants795 members of the LBC1936 with scores on tests of functional health literacy and cognitive ability in childhood and older adulthood.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants were followed up for 8 years to determine mortality. Time to death in days was used as the primary outcome measure.ResultsUsing Cox regression, higher functional health literacy was associated with lower risk of mortality adjusting for age and sex, using the Shortened Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), the Newest Vital Sign (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.97) and a functional health literacy composite measure (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), but not the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.01). Adjusting for childhood intelligence did not change these associations. When additionally adjusting for fluid-type cognitive ability in older age, associations between functional health literacy and mortality were attenuated and non-significant.ConclusionsCurrent fluid ability, but not childhood intelligence, attenuated the association between functional health literacy and mortality. Functional health literacy measures may, in part, assess fluid-type cognitive abilities, and this may account for the association between functional health literacy and mortality.

scholarly journals Cognitive Ability in Midlife and Labor Market Participation Among Older Workers: Prospective Cohort Study With Register Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Emil Sundstrup ◽  
Åse M. Hansen ◽  
Erik L. Mortensen ◽  
Otto M. Poulsen ◽  
Thomas Clausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation

scholarly journals HIV Incidence and Risk Factors in Chinese Young Men Who Have Sex with Men—A Prospective Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e97527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxin Dong ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Zhi Dou ◽  
Guodong Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Neonatal predictors of cognitive ability in adults born very preterm: a prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda D Breeman ◽  
Julia Jaekel ◽  
Nicole Baumann ◽  
Peter Bartmann ◽  
Dieter Wolke
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Very Preterm

scholarly journals Associations Between Sleep Deprivation and Salivary Testosterone Levels in Male University Students: A Prospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Suleiman Abu-Samak ◽  
Beisan Ali Mohammad ◽  
May Ibrahim Abu-Taha ◽  
Luai Zidan Hasoun ◽  
Shady Helmi Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Male University Students

Sleep deprivation is a common health problem that is growing rapidly worldwide and it is associated with short- and long-term impacts on health. The aim of this study was to detect potential predictors of salivary testosterone (sT) association with sleep deprivation in Arab male university students. In this prospective cohort study, 77 university male students in the age range of 18 to 26 years were divided into two groups, sleep-deprived (SD) participants and non-sleep-deprived (NSD) participants. Sleep deprivation was defined as sleeping less than 5 hr per night. Blood samples and sT were collected from fasting participants to measure serum levels of glucose, lipid profile, leptin, serotonin, sT, and body mass index (BMI) values. The multiple linear correlation model of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), BMI, and serotonin was positively correlated with sT ( r = .977, p < .05) in the SD group. No correlations were identified with sT in the NSD group. In the SD study group, the multiple linear regression model of HDL-C, BMI, and serotonin was significantly influenced by sT ( R² = .955, p < .05). These predictors together explained approximately 96% of the variance in sT levels in the SD study group. No predictive variables for sT were reported in the NSD group. Results indirectly confirmed the presence of a positive association between sT and sleep deprivation in young men. This association is mediated by three factors, HDL-C, BMI, and serum serotonin, which are collectively considered as part of a significant physiological adaptation to sleep deprivation in young men.

scholarly journals Help Seeking and Engagement for Young Men aged 18 to 30 years in Suicidal Crisis: a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Saini ◽  
Jennifer Chopra ◽  
Claire A Hanlon ◽  
Jane Boland
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Due to the continuing high suicide rates among young men, there is a need to understand help-seeking behaviour and engagement with tailored suicide prevention interventions. The aim of this study was to explore help-seeking behaviour and engagement for young men aged 18 to 30 years who attended a therapeutic centre for men in a suicidal crisis. In this prospective cohort study, data were collected from 546 men who were referred into a community-based therapeutic service in North West England. Of the 546 men, 337 (52%) received therapy; 161 (48%) were aged between 18 and 30 years (mean age 24 years, SD=3.4). One third (n=54; 34%) of the men were seen within 48 hours of their referral. Analyses included baseline differences, symptom trajectories for the CORE-34 Clinical Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and engagement with the therapy. For the CORE 34 there was a clinically significant reduction in mean scores between assessment and discharge (p&lt;0.001), with all outcomes demonstrating a large effect size. Future research needs to assess the long-term effects of help-seeking using a brief psychological intervention for young men in order to understand whether the effects of the therapy are sustainable over a period of time following discharge from the service.

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