Memory, attention and language deficits in major depressive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S543-S543
Author(s):  
B. Suciu ◽  
R. Paunescu ◽  
I. Miclutia
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Depressive Episodes

ObjectivesFor a long time, cognitive deficits were considered as part of depressive episodes and were expected to improve as other affective symptoms diminished with treatment. Because of this, cognitive impairment was rarely assessed for Major depressive disorder, but in the present time this has changed.MethodsThe study included 35 patients (age between 18 and 70) diagnosed with recurrent major depressive disorder (according to ICD-10 and DSM-V) which were evaluated during an acute depressive episode. The severity of depression was quantified clinically and with the help of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale -17 items- whereas cognitive functions were evaluated with standard cognitive tests.ResultsOut of the 35 patients included, 25 were female patients, the rest of 10 being represented by male participants. A median score of 81,5 seconds on the Trail Making Test part A showed attention focusing deficits when compared with standard scores. For semantic fluency, ten words represented the mean score; whereas for phonemic fluency the mean score was lower (seven words). A median score of 5 words resulted from the assessment of the verbal learning and memory, these are considered to be associated with memorization and retention of a list of words given.ConclusionsThese results sustain what the majority of studies revealed, that cognitive deficits are present in all cognitive domains, mostly in attention, verbal fluency and memory.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Does Duloxetine Improve Cognitive Function Independently of Its Antidepressant Effect in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Subjective Reports of Cognitive Dysfunction?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Greer ◽  
Prabha Sunderajan ◽  
Bruce D. Grannemann ◽  
Benji T. Kurian ◽  
Madhukar H. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Response Control

Introduction. Cognitive deficits are commonly reported by patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Duloxetine, a dual serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, may improve cognitive deficits in MDD. It is unclear if cognitive improvements occur independently of antidepressant effects with standard antidepressant medications.Methods. Thirty participants with MDD who endorsed cognitive deficits at screening received 12-week duloxetine treatment. Twenty-one participants completed treatment and baseline and posttreatment cognitive testing. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery was used to assess the following cognitive domains: attention, visual memory, executive function/set shifting and working memory, executive function/spatial planning, decision making and response control, and verbal learning and memory.Results. Completers showed significant cognitive improvements across several domains on tasks assessing psychomotor function and mental processing speed, with additional improvements in visual and verbal learning and memory, and affective decision making and response control. Overall significance tests for executive function tasks were also significant, although individual tasks were not, perhaps due to the small sample size. Most notably, cognitive improvements were observed independently of symptom reduction on all domains except verbal learning and memory.Conclusions. Patients reporting baseline cognitive deficits achieved cognitive improvements with duloxetine treatment, most of which were independent of symptomatic improvement. This trial is registered withNCT00933439.

Cognitive Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder and Severe Depressive Episode with Psychotic Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S143-S144
Author(s):  
S. Fedorová ◽  
M. Blažková ◽  
P. Humpolíček ◽  
R. Barteček
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionCognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder is a subject of intensive research.ObjectivesThis study deals with the cognitive impairment in patients with severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms and patients with major depressive disorder during the acute state of illness.AimsThe aim was to define domains and the level of cognitive impairment in both groups of patients.The next aim was to compare profiles of cognitive impairment in both groups of patients.The last aim was to find out a relationship between cognitive performance and severity of depressive episode during the acute state of illness.MethodsWe have used neuropsychological test battery (Auditory–Verbal Learning Test, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Logical Memory, Digit span test, Trail making test, Verbal Fluency Test, Block Design and Benton Visual Retention Test) for the evaluation of the cognitive functions in patients with severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (n = 5) and patients with major depressive disorder (n = 8).ResultsWe found cognitive impairment in all examined domains in both groups of patients.More profound cognitive impairment was found in patients with severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms, particularly in visual memory, visuo-constructive abilities, speed of cognitive processing and executive functions. We found no correlation between cognitive performance and severity of depressive episodes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a strong correlation between psychotic symptoms in depression and cognitive performance.

scholarly journals Midlife Women with Major Depressive Disorder: Effects of Quetiapine Extended-release on Mood, Sleep and Menopause-related Symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C.N. Soares ◽  
B.N. Frey ◽  
S. Chang ◽  
E. Haber ◽  
M. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Midlife Women ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Background:Recent studies suggest that the menopausal transition may constitute a period of greater risk for the development of new onset/recurrent depressive episodes. In addition, the presence of vasomotor and other menopause-related complaints may adversely affect quality of life and overall functioning. With the long-term safety of hormone therapies being questioned, non-hormonal strategies are needed for the management of symptomatic midlife women. This report is a preliminary analysis of a study investigating the effects of quetiapine extended-release (Seroquel XR) in symptomatic perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with major depressive disorder (MDD).Methods:Peri and postmenopausal women, age 40 to 60 years, suffering from MDD and reporting menopause-related symptoms were recruited into a 2-week, placebo lead-in phase, followed by an open trial (8 weeks) with quetiapine extended-release, flexible dose, 150-300 mg/day. The primary outcome measure (i.e. changes in depressive symptoms) was assessed via Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores. Other measures included: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), menopause-related symptoms (Greene Climacteric Scale - GCS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI-S), sleep characteristics (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI) and the impact of hot flashes on daily functioning (Hot Flash-Related Daily Interference Scale (HFRDIS).Results:Thirty-nine women (mean age 49.3±4.3 years) were enrolled in the placebo lead-in phase. Of those, 25 were considered eligible for the 8-week trial with quetiapine extended-release. This interim analysis (LOCF) included 18 women who completed 4 to 8 weeks of treatment with quetiapine extended-release (median MADRS total scores at baseline = 28 ±6.1; median final dose of quetiapine extended-release=200 mg/day). At the end of the study, 13 out of 18 (72.2%) participants achieved remission (total MADRS scores < 10). Overall, subjects showed significant reduction in total MADRS (p< 0.001) and HAM-D scores (p< 0.001). Treatment with quetiapine extended-release improved menopause-related symptoms, as shown by a decrease in Greene Climacteric Scale total scores (p< 0.001) and sub-scores for psychological (p< 0.001), vasomotor (p=0.001), and somatic (p=0.001) complaints (Wilcoxon tests). Quetiapine extended-release did affect menopause-related sexual dysfunction (changes in CGS sexual sub-scores, p=0.06). There was a substantial reduction in overall burden associated with vasomotor symptoms, i.e., decreased HFRDIS scores (p< 0.001). Lastly, sleep efficiency, perceived sleep quality, and daily sleep disturbances improved significantly after treatment with quetiapine extended-release (p< 0.001 for all PSQI sub-scores).Discussion:This is the first study examining the efficacy of Seroquel XR for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in a population of symptomatic peri and postmenopausal women. Treatment with Seroquel XR not only reduced depressive symptomatology but also improved vasomotor symptoms and sleep complaints. Larger randomized, placebo-controlled studies are warranted to better explore the efficacy and predictors of response with quetiapine extended-release for this specific population.

scholarly journals Is low cognitive functioning a predictor or consequence of major depressive disorder? A test in two longitudinal birth cohorts

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Schaefer ◽  
Matthew A. Scult ◽  
Avshalom Caspi ◽  
Louise Arseneault ◽  
Daniel W. Belsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Past History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Depressive Episodes

AbstractCognitive impairment has been identified as an important aspect of major depressive disorder (MDD). We tested two theories regarding the association between MDD and cognitive functioning using data from longitudinal cohort studies. One theory, thecognitive reserve hypothesis, suggests that higher cognitive ability in childhood decreases risk of later MDD. The second, thescarring hypothesis, instead suggests that MDD leads to persistent cognitive deficits following disorder onset. We tested both theories in the Dunedin Study, a population-representative cohort followed from birth to midlife and assessed repeatedly for both cognitive functioning and psychopathology. We also used data from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study to test whether childhood cognitive functioning predicts future MDD risk independent of family-wide and genetic risk using a discordant twin design. Contrary to both hypotheses, we found that childhood cognitive functioning did not predict future risk of MDD, nor did study members with a past history of MDD show evidence of greater cognitive declineunlessMDD was accompanied by other comorbid psychiatric conditions. Our results thus suggest that low cognitive functioning is related to comorbidity, but is neither an antecedent nor an enduring consequence of MDD. Future research may benefit from considering cognitive deficits that occur during depressive episodes from a transdiagnostic perspective.

Cognitive characteristics of unipolar (major depressive disorder) and bipolar depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S374-S374 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Suciu ◽  
R. Paunescu ◽  
I. Miclutia
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionImpairment in cognitive performance is an important characteristic in many psychiatric illnesses, such as Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder. Initially, cognitive dysfunctions were considered to be present only in acute depressive episodes and to improve after symptoms recovered. Reports have described persistent cognitive deficits even after significant improvement of depressive symptoms.Aims/ObjectivesWe wanted to understand the dimension of cognitive impairment in unipolar and bipolar depression and also to underline the differences between cognitive profiles of patients diagnosed within the two mentioned disorders.MethodThis review examined recent literature about unipolar and bipolar depression.ResultsBoth depressed patients presented cognitive deficits in several cognitive domains. Different aspects of attention were altered in both patients but impairment in shifting attention appeared specific to unipolar disorder while impaired sustained attention was particular for bipolar disorder. Both types of patients showed memory deficits that were associated with poor global functioning. Two recent studies described that bipolar depressed subjects were more impaired across all cognitive domains than unipolar depressed subjects on tests assessing verbal memory, verbal fluency, attention and executive functions. The most consistently deficits were displayed on measures of executive functioning – such as tasks requiring problem solving, planning, decision making – suggesting that this cognitive domain is a trait-marker for depression.ConclusionsCognitive deficits are present in both disorders during a depressive episode but they display slightly different patterns of impairment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Bioresonance therapy may treat depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Daniela Muresan ◽  
◽  
Andreea Salcudean ◽  
Daniela Claudia Sabau ◽  
Cristina Raluca Bodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Bioresonance Therapy

The aim of the study was to evaluate if bioresonance therapy can offer quantifiable results in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder and with mild, moderate, or severe depressive episodes by decreasing the level of depression due to the application of bioresonance therapy as independently or complementary treatment. The study included 140 patients suffering from depression, divided into three groups. The first group (40 patients) received solely bioresonance therapy, the second group (40 patients) received pharmacological treatment with antidepressants combined with bioresonance therapy, and the third group (60 patients) received solely pharmacological treatment with antidepressants. The assessment of depression was made using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, with 17 items, at the beginning of the bioresonance treatment and the end of the five weeks of treatment, aiming to decrease the level of depression. The study identified the existence of a statistically significant difference for the treatment methods applied to the analyzed groups (p=0.0001), and we found that the therapy accelerates the healing process in patients with depressive disorders. Improvement was observed for the analyzed groups, with a decrease of the mean values between the initial and final phase of the level of depression, of delta for Hamilton score of 3.1, 3.8 and 2.3, respectively. We concluded that the bioresonance therapy could be useful in the treatment of recurrent major depressive disorder with moderate depressive episodes independently or as a complementary therapy to antidepressants.

Vortioxetine versus citalopram in treating major depressive disorder (MDD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S540-S541
Author(s):  
A. Rossi ◽  
E. Di Tullio ◽  
P. Prosperini ◽  
A. Feggi ◽  
C. Gramaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Major Depressive

IntroductionCitalopram is a widely used antidepressant (AD), indicated for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), with a high and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitory action (SSRI), good efficacy and safety profile. Vortioxetine is a novel multimodal antidepressant compound, with a mixed action on Serotonin (both 5-HT agonism and antagonism). Its clinical efficacy has been established in several short and long term trials; furthermore it proved effective at mitigating cognitive dysfunction, which is addressed to as one of the main causes of social impairment in MMD patients.ObjectivesTo evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of Vortioxetine versus Citalopram, in patients suffering from MDD.AimsTo assess whether Vortioxetine effectiveness and tolerability are comparable to those observed for previous antidepressants.MethodsThe main outcomes were efficacy (variance from baseline to 1 month) in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and tolerability (adverse events). Changes in cognitive performance were assessed using the following specifics tools: Digit symbol substitution test (DSST), Trail Making Test A (TMT-A) and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R).ResultsData collection is ongoing. According to Literature we expect to find a significant number of MDD patients on Vortioxetine to achieve a reduction in depressive symptoms from baseline, to report poor adverse events and to increase their cognitive performance.ConclusionAs shown by recent literature, Vortioxetine might be an effective option in treating MMD with particular focus on cognitive dysfunction.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Predictors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Ralte Lalthankimi ◽  
Padmavathi Nagarajan ◽  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Jeby Jose Olickal
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Abstract Objectives Mental disorders have a large impact on death by suicide. Hence, this study aims to determine the prevalence of suicidal behaviors among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and the associated factors. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among individuals aged 18 to 65 years, diagnosed with MDD in the Psychiatry Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Center, Puducherry during March to October 2019. Severity of depression was assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to find the suicidal behaviors. Results For 166 participants in the study, mean (standard deviation) age was 40 (11) years and majority were females (76%). More than one-third (37%) had severe or very severe depression, and the prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts were 83, 24, and 35%, respectively. After adjusting the covariates, the severity of depression and unemployment were significantly associated with suicidal attempts (adjusted prevalence ratios [aPR] = 11.4 and 1.9), and very severe depression was associated with suicidal ideation (aPR = 1.6). Among 140 individuals with suicidal ideation, 45 (32%) had an ideation frequency of 2 to 3 times/week, 69 (50%) had ideation for 1 hour, 36 (26%) could control ideation with little difficulty, and 12% had suicidal ideation mostly to end or stop their pain. Conclusion Suicidal ideation and attempts were significantly high in MDD patients, and the severity of depression was significantly associated with it. Early identification of high-risk suicidal behavior and implementation of effective preventive interventions are necessary to reduce death by suicide in these groups.

scholarly journals Theta burst stimulation for the acute treatment of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Voigt ◽  
Andrew F. Leuchter ◽  
Linda L. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Theta Burst

AbstractPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may be refractory to or have contraindications that preclude treatment with antidepressant pharmacotherapies. Alternative therapies such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) continue to evolve, and include theta burst stimulation (TBS), which has advantages over conventional rTMS. The aim of this study was to identify and meta-analyze efficacy data from all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating TBS as a treatment for MDD. Published reports of RCTs (January 1, 2010 to October 23, 2020) were identified via systematic searches in computerized databases, followed by review of individual reports for inclusion. Inclusion criteria included primary diagnosis of MDD ≥ 1 week duration of therapy with ≥10 sessions, and treatment with any form of TBS. The Cochrane GRADE methodology and PRISMA criteria were used for evaluation of individual trials. Data from ten RCTs were included, representing 667 patients. Of these, 8 RCTs compared TBS to sham treatment and one compared TBS to standard rTMS (i.e., high frequency stimulation over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [HFL]). Quality of evidence assessment yielded high confidence in the finding of TBS being superior to sham on response measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) (RR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.27 to 4.55; P = 0.007; I2 = 40%). Comparison of HRSD response rates for TBS versus rTMS produced no statistically significant difference (RR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.23; P = 0.80; I2 = 0%). The incidence of adverse events between TBS and rTMS was not statistically different. The findings of a positive effect of TBS vs. sham, and noninferiority of TBS vs. standard HFL rTMS support the continued development of TBS to treat depression.

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