The Dietary Status of Adults With ADHD

ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the dietary status of adults with ADHD. Furthermore, we compared the group with a representative sample of a healthy adult Danish population.MethodData were collected from the ADHD database operated by the ADHD outpatient clinic at Aarhus university hospital. We used data from newly referred patients in a seven months period from April 2014 through October 2014. The collected data include weight, height, blood pressure, somatic or psychiatric co-morbidity, blood sample, physical activity scale. Concerning the diagnosis of ADHD: DIVA, ASRS, BRIEF-V. Inter99 was used to assess the dietary status. The representative sample was obtained as a part of a public health survey from 2010 called “how are you” conducted in the same region of Denmark as the location of the psychiatric hospital. Preliminary results, one hundred and forty-three patients were included in the study, 52% males. The mean age was 30.9 years. A larger proportion of ADHD patients fall in the category “unhealthy dietary pattern” compared to the representative sample population (26% vs. 12%), while the proportion in the “healthy dietary pattern” category is markedly lower (14% vs. 24%). The differences seem to be explained by lower than recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables.ConclusionOur findings suggest a general shift towards more unhealthy dietary patterns among patients with ADHD. This exposes them to higher risk of somatic diseases, notably diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle interventions could be a necessary part of standard treatment for patients with ADHD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Factors Related to Disability Pensions – A Cross-Sectional Analysis From A University Hospital In Istanbul

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1783 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S486-S486

Author(s):

E. Sönmez ◽

D. Tunca ◽

Y. Akvardar

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽

Disability Pension ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cultural Perceptions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceptions Of Disability ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Somatic Diseases ◽

Sectional Analysis

IntroductionMental disorders are one of the leading reasons for disability-related retirement and payment of associated long-term benefits in many countries.ObjectivesTo explore the characteristics of psychiatric outpatients who apply for disability pensions and to investigate the factors associated with making an application.MethodsA four-month cross-sectional evaluation of disability pension and retirement applications to the psychiatry outpatient clinic in a university hospital in Istanbul.ResultsThe majority of 144 patients were male (n = 102, 70.8%), based in Istanbul, married, living with their families and had no occupation at the time of inquiry. Excluding applications for individuals with a diagnosis of intellectual disability (n = 44), most applicants were primary school graduates (n = 31, 32.3%). For the whole group, the median age of application was 34. 60%, (n = 87) had an established psychiatric diagnosis before the application, with average duration since diagnosis of approximately 8 years. The most frequent diagnoses were intellectual disability, followed by schizophrenia and depression. More than half of the patients were treated only outpatiently, with no hospitalization (n = 55, 58%). Thirty-two of them (22.4%) had a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis and 58 (40.3%) had at least one comorbid medical diagnosis.ConclusionsThere are some similarities between our findings and findings from other countries, such as low educational level and frequent comorbid somatic diseases among patients applying for disability pension. In contrast with the literature and as an indicator of social inequality, most patients applied for disability pension were male. The results are reflecting the specificities of different health systems and cultural perceptions of disability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Correlation Between Chronic Somatic Co-morbidities and Prognosis of Major Depressive Disorder

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s240-s240

Author(s):

N. Lucev ◽

A. Vuk ◽

I. Simunovic Filipcic ◽

I. Filipcic

Keyword(s):

Poor Prognosis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Somatic Comorbidities ◽

Somatic Disorders ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Somatic Diseases

IntroductionDepression and somatic disorders are closely interrelated. Depressed mood is recognized to contribute to the development and progression of wide range of somatic diseases, while at the same time somatic diseases may increase the risk of depression. Co-morbidity research still represents huge research and clinical challenge to contemporary psychiatry and medicine.ObjectivesTo check whether the correlation of NSC and poor prognosis of MDD treatment is merely the consequence of age and duration of illness.MethodsWe investigated a cross-sectional sample consisting of 290 psychiatric diagnosed with MDD. Outcome was the number of psychiatric rehospitalizations (NPR) since the first diagnosis of MDD treatment success. Predictor was NSC. Covariates controlled were sex, age, BMI, marital status, number of household members, education, work status, duration of MDD, CGI-severity of MDD at diagnosis, treatment with antidepressants and anti-psychotics.ResultsAfter adjustment for all confounders, mediation analysis revealed insignificant indirect effects of NSC on NPR through patient's age (P = 0.296) and duration of MDD (P = 0.180). Direct effect of NSC was significant and clinically relevant (P < 0.001). Effect of NSC was significantly moderated by duration of MDD (P = 0.019). NSC and NPR were not significantly associated if MDD lasted for less than a year. The more MDD lasted the stronger was correlation of NSC and NPR.ConclusionCorrelation of NSC and poor prognosis of MDD is not a mere consequence of patient's age and duration of illness. To treat MDD effectively we have to treat simultaneously somatic comorbidities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Identification of an Obesogenic Dietary Pattern Using Partial Least Squares in a Nationally-Representative Sample of Canadian Adults

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa046_052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 552-552

Author(s):

Alena Ng ◽

Mahsa Jessri ◽

Mary L'Abbé

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Partial Least Squares ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Fast Food ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Hybrid Methods ◽

Nutritional Epidemiology ◽

Obesogenic Diet ◽

Dietary Components ◽

Nationally Representative

Abstract Objectives Hybrid methods of dietary patterns analysis have emerged as a unique and informative way to study diet-disease relationships in nutritional epidemiology research. The objectives of this research were to identify an obesogenic dietary pattern using weighted PLS in nationally-representative Canadian survey data, and to identify key foods and/or beverages associated with the defined obesogenic pattern. Methods Data from one 24-hr dietary recall data from the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition (CCHS) 2015 (n = 12,110 adults) were used. Weighed partial least squares (wPLS) was used to identify an obesogenic dietary pattern from 40 standardized food and/or beverage categories using the variables energy density, fibre density, and total fat as outcomes. The association between the derived dietary pattern and likelihood of obesity was examined using weighted multivariate logistic regression. Key dietary components highly associated with the derived pattern were identified. Results Compared to quartile one (i.e., those least adherent to an obesogenic dietary pattern), those in quartile four had a 2.40-fold increased odds of being obese (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.91, 3.02, P-trend < 0.0001) with a monotonically increasing trend. Using a factor loading significance cut-off of ≥|0.17|, three food/beverage categories loaded positively for the derived obesogenic dietary pattern: fast food, carbonated drinks and salty snacks. Seven food/beverage categories loaded negatively (i.e., in the protective direction): consumption of whole fruits, orange vegetables, “other” vegetables (including vegetable juice), whole grains, dark green vegetables, legumes and soy, and pasta and rice. Conclusions This study pinpoints key dietary components that are associated with obesity and consumed among a nationally-representative sample of Canadians adults. Compared to a similarly-defined obesogenic diet identified by our research group in 2004, the top contributors to a Canadian-specific obesogenic diet in 2015 have remained consistent. This evidence may aid in developing targeted policies and dietary interventions for obesity and chronic disease prevention. Funding Sources Supported by grants from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Innovation in Regulatory Science Award and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

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Feelings of Guilt and Fantasies in Life Experiences of Brazilian Parents Due to Death of their Newborn: A Clinical-qualitative Study Conducted at a University Hospital

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.986 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S616-S616

Author(s):

L. Rodrigues ◽

J.V. Freitas-de-Jesus ◽

G. Lavorato-Neto ◽

D.D. Lima ◽

E.R. Turato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Life Experiences ◽

Technological Development ◽

Emotional Experience ◽

University Hospital ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Cultural Pattern ◽

Competing Interest ◽

The Moment ◽

The Relationship

IntroductionThe relationship between parents and children is a complex link. In the process of pregnancy-birth-puerperium, frequent feelings such as responsibility, love, fear, uncertainty, generate strong expectations at birth. The death of a newborn may not be perceived as natural by the parents, considering the local culture and the context of great technological development of neonatology.ObjectiveTo explore possible guilt and fantasies in life experiences of parents during mourning process due to death of their newborn.MethodClinical-qualitative design, a particularization of qualitative methods here applied in clinical assistance settings with highlight to psychological aspects. Data collection with the technique of semi-directed interview with open-ended questions, in-depth. Sample intentionally constructed, with closure by theoretical saturation of information. The participants were 7 parents, mourning by the death of their child at the neonatal intensive care unit, in a university hospital of Campinas, São Paulo State.ResultsFeelings of guilt - conscious or not - lead to an internal and particular movement so that mourning can be lived. The participants showed certain embarrassment, accompanied by natural suffering facing to the cultural pattern that permeates the emotional experience. It predicts types of psychological meanings that the experience will give to the person.ConclusionHealth professionals working with bereaved parents should consider more deeply the moment these one experienced, with emphasis on the details of the death scenery, beside the problems of illness and death properly so called.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Severity of traumatic events in patients with eating disorders. A case-control study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.332 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S165-S166

Author(s):

A.M. Pignatelli ◽

C. Loriedo ◽

M. Biondi ◽

P. Girardi ◽

J. Vanderlinden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Childhood Abuse ◽

Emotional Abuse ◽

Traumatic Events ◽

University Hospital ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Emotional Neglect ◽

Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Age Range

IntroductionA high proportion of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report childhood abuse and neglect. The prevalence of traumatic events in ED patients has been extensively investigated; less is known about their self-perceived–and reported–severity. Objectives/Aims: We aimed to assess in ED patients vs. healthy controls the severity, i.e., duration, perpetrator, and subjective impact, of sexual, physical, and emotional traumas suffered from 0 to 18 years, paying particular attention to emotional neglect.MethodsFifty-seven consecutive DSM-V ED patients (91.2% females; age range: 18–42 years) were recruited at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of our University Hospital. Ninety controls (78.9% females; age range: 20–39 years) were also recruited. Among ED patients, 43.9% had restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN), 29.8% binge/purging AN, 26.3% bulimia nervosa. Individuals completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC).ResultsThe severity of all traumatic events, according to the TEC total score, was significantly higher in ED patients than controls (P < 0.001). Moreover, ED patients showed significantly higher scores with regard to emotional neglect (P < 0.001) and emotional abuse (P < 0.001). The same can be said for physical traumas (P < 0.01) and physical abuse (P < 0.01), although with a lower significance, and for sexual abuse (P < 0.05), with an even lower significance. No difference in the severity of sexual harassment was found.ConclusionsAll types of traumas, especially neglect, can occur in ED patients and controls, however they are reported as more severe by ED patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Ultra-resistant schizophrenia and potentiation strategies

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1639 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s834-s834 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Khouadja ◽

R. Ben Soussia ◽

S. Younes ◽

A. Bouallagui ◽

I. Marrag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Resistance ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Clinical Excellence ◽

University Hospital ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Competing Interest ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Psychiatric Department ◽

The Cost ◽

The University

IntroductionTreatment resistance to clozapine is estimated at 40–70% of the treated population. Several clozapine potentiation strategies have come into clinical practice although often without evidence-based support.ObjectiveThe aim of our work was to identify the potentiation strategies in ultra-resistant schizophrenia depending on the subtype of schizophrenia.MethodologyThis is a prospective study conducted on patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria, and hospitalized in the psychiatric department of the university hospital in Mahdia, Tunisia. The study sample consisted of patients meeting the resistant schizophrenia criteria as defined by national institute for clinical excellence (NICE), and the prescription of clozapine for 6 to 8 weeks was shown without significant improvement.Resultswe have collected 10 patients. The mean serum level of clozapine was 462.25 mg/L. The potentiation strategies were different depending on the subtype of schizophrenia. For the undifferentiated schizophrenia, we have chosen ECT sessions. For the disorganized schizophrenia, we opted for amisulpiride and aripiprazole. For the paranoid forms, we have chosen the association of risperidone and ECT. A psychometric improvement was noted in BPRS ranging from 34 to 40%.ConclusionEvery potentiation strategy entails a cost, whether it is an additional monetary cost, adverse effects or greater stress to caregivers. The cost/benefit equation should be thoroughly evaluated and discussed before commencing a strategy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Supplemental Oxygen Use in Ischemic Stroke Patients, Does Utilization Correspond to Need for Oxygen Therapy?

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.32.suppl_1.382-b ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 382-382

Author(s):

Arthur M Pancioli ◽

Mark J Bullard ◽

Mary E Grulee ◽

Edward C Jauch ◽

David F Perkis

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Supplemental Oxygen ◽

University Hospital ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Oxygen Utilization ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

History Of ◽

Explicit Criteria

P236 Background: In 1994, the American Heart Association Stroke Council stated that there is no data to support routine use of supplemental oxygen in stroke patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of supplemental oxygen use in ischemic stroke and whether patients receiving oxygen met criteria for therapy. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed to generate a comprehensive list of explicit criteria for supplemental oxygen use. When the literature disagreed, criteria were included in the list to overestimate rather than underestimate the justification for oxygen use. A retrospective chart review of 169 consecutive, non-intubated, ischemic stroke patients admitted to a university hospital during calendar year 1998 was performed. Two patients were excluded due to missing data yielding a sample of 167 patients. Data included demographic and co-morbidity information as well as a check of each inpatient day for documentation of any of the explicit criteria for supplemental oxygen use. Results: A total of 167 patient charts were reviewed yielding a total of 600 inpatient days abstracted. Of the 167 patients, 102 (61.1%) received oxygen accounting for 322 patient days. Of the 322 inpatient days that patients received oxygen, 147 (45.6%) met at least one criteria for oxygen utilization. Of the 278 inpatient days that patients did not receive oxygen 69 (24.8%) would have met at least one of the criteria for oxygen use. For the entire population, statistically significant factors associated with patients receiving oxygen included: presence of at least one justifying criteria, increasing age, white race, male gender, history of atrial fibrillation, and a history of hypertension. Conclusion: We developed a comprehensive, literature-based list of criteria for supplemental oxygen therapy that was designed to overestimate rather than underestimate the justification of oxygen utilization. Using this explicit list, only 45.6% of days of oxygen therapy were justified in our ischemic stroke population. This study demonstrates that oxygen therapy is commonly given to ischemic stroke victims without clear indication.

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ASD, SUD and gender

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1783 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s882-s883

Author(s):

P.J.M. Van Wijngaarden-Cremers

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Substance Use ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Substance Abuse Disorder ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Competing Interest ◽

And Gender ◽

Very High

IntroductionAutism and substance use disorder (SUD) is not the co-morbidity that is commonly considered. Yet these conditions have more commonalities than one would suspect.ObjectiveWe will consider the evidence for co-morbidity between ASD and Addiction (Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and explore the influence of gender.MethodA pilot study of 80 admissions to an adult ASD unit will be presented.ResultsThe co-morbidity ASD and SUD in this study was very high (65% of the inpatients). There were no gender differences in prevalence in total but addiction to medication (32% in woman vs. none in man) and eating disorders (24% in women vs. 9% in man) was far more common in women whereas addiction to drugs (13% in man vs. none in women) was far more common in man.ConclusionsThere are clear indications that a possible co-morbidity of substance abuse disorder should be considered in cases of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. There are no gender differences in prevalence of co-morbidity ASD and SUD in total but addiction to medication and eating disorders seems to be much more common in women whereas addiction to drugs probably more common in man.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Psychological and Physical Problems in Elderly People with Problems of Falls

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S659-S660

Author(s):

M. Mentis ◽

M. Gouva ◽

E. Antoniadou ◽

K. Mpourdoulis ◽

I. Kesoudidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Health ◽

Elderly People ◽

The Elderly ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

University Hospital ◽

Psychological State ◽

Physical Damage ◽

The Difference ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionFalls of the elderly to a degree been associated with poor mental health, poor social support and poor physical health.ObjectivesTo investigate the falls of elderly people in relation to their mental and physical healthy.AimsTo compare the effects of falls in the elderly in the areas of mental and physical health.MethodsThe current study used purposive sampling compromised from 48 people that visited the emergency department at the Patras University Hospital in 2016. The inclusion criterion for participation was age (> 65 years). Data was collected using WHO's questionnaire, the WHOQUOL-BREF. Finally, data was analyzed using the test t test for independent samples.ResultsThe sample constituted by 39.6% of male and 61.4% of female. The average age of the sample was M = 75.89 years. In relation to mental health, the average of the elderly with a history of falls found M = 57.26 (SD = ± 22.87), while the other was found M = 74.45 (SD = ± 15.81). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05), while physical health although again the first group found to have a smaller average (M = 56.65, SD = ± 22.13) relative to the second group (M = 63.78, SD = ± 12.59) no statistical difference was observed.DiscussionsThese results demonstrates that falls beyond the physical damage that are immediately visible can as well create significant issues in the psychological state of the elderly exacerbating anxiety, fear and social isolation, which has been associated with depression event.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Emotional expectations reported by hospitalized women in southeastern Brazil before being submitted to mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: A clinical-qualitative study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.648 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s507-s507

Author(s):

G.L. Almeida ◽

R.M.C. Sena ◽

V.L.P. Alves ◽

C. Cardoso-Filho ◽

E.R. Turato

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Reconstruction ◽

Immediate Breast Reconstruction ◽

University Hospital ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Immediate Reconstruction ◽

Female Population ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Health Assistant ◽

The Aesthetic

IntroductionBreast cancer is a type that more affects female population in the world. Surgical indication, present in most cases, is a mutilating procedure and mentally traumatic for majority of women subjected. Thus, immediate breast reconstruction, which is the choice to rebuild the breast during the mastectomy surgery, is an alternative to reduce discomforts associated with loss of the breast, in addition to being associated potentially with improved emotional and psychosocial quality of life.ObjectiveTo discuss, from psychological viewpoint, the emotional expectations about surgical results of a planned mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction, reported by women with breast cancer treated in a university hospital in Campinas, state of São Paulo.MethodQualitative design, particularized in the clinical-qualitative method, adequate to health assistant settings, using the semi-directed interview with open-ended questions in-depth, fully transcribed and after submitted to content clinical-qualitative analysis. Intentional sample closed by criterion of information theoretical saturation with 12 sequential participants.ResultsAmongst the emergent categories from free-floating readings, we have chosen the following to presentation:.–The desire of healing above expectations of the aesthetic aspects;–The perception of the surgical approach predominantly with aesthetic effects;–The desire of a contra-lateral healthy breast withdrawal, too.ConclusionsFace the proposal of mastectomy with immediate reconstruction, days before the surgery, women reported to be well emotionally organized for the procedure, although in different ways. This occurs probably due to emotional meanings built by many experiences from their psychological histories, as well as from values provided by the socio-cultural environments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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