The presence of a subthreshold autism spectrum is associated with greater prevalence of mental disorders in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S355-S355
Author(s):  
C.C.C. Gesi ◽  
A. Lagomarsini ◽  
F.M. Barberi ◽  
A. Guzzetta ◽  
S. Calderone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heritable and first degree relatives (especially fathers) of autistic probands have been shown to often manifest a set of subthreshold autistic features. It is not known, however, the clinical significance of this subthreshold autism spectrum.Objectives– to evaluate the prevalence of a subthreshold autism spectrum respectively in fathers and mothers of children with ASD;– to describe clinical correlates of parents with and without a subthreshold autism spectrum respectively.Methods36 fathers and 39 mothers of preschoolers with ASD were administered the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), the adult autism subthreshold spectrum (AdAS spectrum), the trauma and loss spectrum (TALS), the SCID-5 and the social and occupational functioning assessment scale (SOFAS).ResultsFathers and mothers did not differ for both AQ and AdAS spectrum total and subscale scores. Overall, 13 parents (17.3%) scored higher than 45 on the AdAS spectrum, as indicative of the presence of a subthreshold autism spectrum. This group showed greater prevalence of mood, anxiety and feeding/eating disorders, greater utilization of antidepressants and higher scores on the TALS and the SOFAS than the group scoring lower than 45 (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsFathers and mothers of children with ASD show autistic traits in equal measure. The presence of a subthreshold autism spectrum is associated to greater prevalence of mood, anxiety and feeding/eating disorders, to greater susceptibility to traumatic events and to lower levels of functioning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Handedness in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S214-S214 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kobylinska ◽  
C.G. Anghel ◽  
I. Mihailescu ◽  
F. Rad ◽  
I. Dobrescu
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Hand Laterality ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a less definitive hand preference for certain actions as opposed to neurotypical children. Moreover, left-handedness in children with ASD has been associated with more echolalia. The objective was to conduct a screening of potential risk and associated features for autism spectrum disorders, among which the hand preference of the child. The current aim is to compare the perceived handedness of children with autism spectrum disorders with that of children with other psychiatric pathologies.MethodsEight hundred and forty-two parents completed our risk and associated features screening questionnaire. Out of these, 494 answered the question regarding handedness (209 had children diagnosed with ASD). This asked the parents to state how they perceived their child's handedness. An ADOS assessment has been conducted for 170 of the children whose parents were included in the study, based on clinical relevance for the case. The data were analysed using Excel and SPSS 22.0. For the comparisons, Chi2 and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used.ResultsChildren with ASD had more left-handedness (χ2(2) = 12.54, P = 0.002). There were no differences between boys and girls in terms of perceived handedness in any of the groups. There were no differences in the ADOS scores according to the perceived hand laterality (χ2(2) = 0.58, P = 0.74).ConclusionRightward-asymmetry in regions of corpus callosum has been reported to correlate with symptoms severity in ASD. The finding of different perceived handedness in children with ASD versus children with other psychiatric pathologies is useful for designing appropriate, individualized training programs for motor therapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Current Correction Techniques of Food Selectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
V.K. Toguleva
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Food Selectivity ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

According to various reports, eating disorders in children with ASD can occur in 70—90% of cases. The article provides review of studies on the problems of food selectivity in children with autism. Presented results of the author’s study of food selectivity correction techniques in children with autism spectrum disorders, conducted from October 2015 to May 2017. It was revealed that parents of children with ASD have certain types of behavior that are different from the behavior of parents with neurotypical children. It has also been determined that early aged children with ASD have specific features of eating behavior, including various degrees food selectivity, as well as functioning features of the sensory systems and the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals The Lived Experiences of Mothers of Children with the Autism Spectrum Disorders in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ereny Gobrial
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this study was to gain insight into the experiences of mothers caring for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in relation to the early life, resources and to address the consequences of raising a child with ASD in Egypt. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 mothers of children with ASD in Egypt, the children were aged 5–14 years old (mean: 7.3 years). Data were thematically analysed. Results revealed that life with ASD was daunting for the Egyptian mothers. Findings suggested that provision of inadequate education, healthcare and stigma constitute the main issues for mothers. Furthermore, ASD impacted negatively on the social life, emotional wellbeing and sacrifices of mothers of children with ASD. The findings provided valuable insight into the life of mothers, revealing what life really is like for mothers caring for a child with ASD in one of the low-medium-income countries. Understanding the mothers’ experiences of caring for children with ASD is crucial in providing support and developing the services that are urgently needed in Egypt.

scholarly journals Implementation of Visual Timetable for Children with ASD in Center for Long-Term Rehabilitation of Children «Dobriy Sad»

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
N.Yu. Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The City ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorders to the social environment in the kindergarten is not an easy task, which covers comprehensive implementation of special techniques and methods. The effectiveness of the visual timetable as an auxiliary method in teaching and socialization of children with ASD is due to its variability and the possibility of its integration into various goals and objectives of teaching and rehabilitation of children. The work on the implementation of this method at the Center for Long-Term Rehabilitation of Children «Dobry Sad» in the city of Nizhny Novgorod is described. Specific examples of the effectiveness of the application of visual timetable in problem-solving situations in the conditions of a kindergarten are given. Part 1 of present article describes the stages of preparation and start of work on the implementation of timetable in a group of eight children diagnosed with F.84.

An Exploration of Parental Attributions Within the Autism Spectrum Disorders Population

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koa Whittingham ◽  
Kate Sofronoff ◽  
Jeanie Sheffield ◽  
Matthew R. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Parental Attributions ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractThe experiences of clinicians working with the ASD population suggest that parents of children with autism frequently misattribute their child's behaviour, particularly misbehaviour, to autism and that this can be a barrier in behavioural interventions (Howlin and Rutter, 1987). However, no research on the specific attributions that parents of children with ASD make for their child's behaviour could be found. The current study is an exploration of parental attributions within the ASD population. Fifty-nine families participated in this study. Analysis identified a tendency for parents to generalise attributions about ASD-related behaviour to misbehaviour. In addition, analysis identified a tendency to believe that the child's positive behaviour is more stable and controllable by the child than misbehaviour. A relationship was found between parental autistic traits and a tendency for the parent to attribute responsibility to themselves for ASD-related behaviour and misbehaviour.

scholarly journals The Social Stigma and the Challenges of Raising a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Veroni ◽  
Eirini Veroni
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This paper describes the social stigma and the challenges some Greek parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) faced in Athens, Greece. The sample consisted of seventy-four parents of children with ASD and a mixed methods approach was used; (seventy - four parents completed a semi - structured questionnaire and twenty had semi-structured interviews). The quantitative and qualitative findings show these parents and families of ASD children experienced stigma in various ways which played a major role in making their lives difficult. This study offers a lens through which to view attitudes towards disability, stigmatisation, especially when resources are scarce. It was conducted in Greece during the period of austerity, affecting the delivery of education within social – cultural restraints. So studies at a different time or in another place could produce other findings.  

Disfluency Characteristics Observed in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura W. Plexico ◽  
Julie E. Cleary ◽  
Ashlynn McAlpine ◽  
Allison M. Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Developmental Stuttering

This descriptive study evaluates the speech disfluencies of 8 verbal children between 3 and 5 years of age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Speech samples were collected for each child during standardized interactions. Percentage and types of disfluencies observed during speech samples are discussed. Although they did not have a clinical diagnosis of stuttering, all of the young children with ASD in this study produced disfluencies. In addition to stuttering-like disfluencies and other typical disfluencies, the children with ASD also produced atypical disfluencies, which usually are not observed in children with typically developing speech or developmental stuttering. (Yairi & Ambrose, 2005).

scholarly journals Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Dominique H. Como ◽  
Leah I. Stein Duker ◽  
José C. Polido ◽  
Sharon A. Cermak
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at risk for oral health disparities. With the dramatic rise in ASD prevalence to 1 in 54 children, it is likely that an increasing number of dental practitioners will encounter or be asked to treat children with ASD. This paper reviews explanations related to the increasing prevalence of ASD, provides reasons why children with ASD are at increased risk for poor oral health, and discusses unique interprofessional collaborations between dental practitioners and occupational therapists. Occupational therapists and dentists can work together to plan modifications to the dental environment or adapt dental protocols to reduce some of the barriers encountered by those with ASD, provide desensitization strategies before the clinic visit, or help a child with emotional regulation during clinical treatments.

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