Associations of C-reactive protein and homocysteine concentrations with the impairment of intrinsic capacity domains over a 5-year follow-up among community-dwelling older adults at risk of cognitive decline (MAPT Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 110716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Virecoulon Giudici ◽  
Philipe de Souto Barreto ◽  
Florent Guerville ◽  
John Beard ◽  
Islene Araujo de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Association Between Urate-Lowering Therapies and Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the MAPT Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc MOLET-BENHAMOU ◽  
Kelly VIRECOULON GIUDICI ◽  
Philipe BARRETO ◽  
Yves ROLLAND
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Cognitive Score ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Introduction Long-term use of urate-lowering therapies (ULT) may reduce inflammaging and thus prevent cognitive decline during aging. This article examined the association between long-term use of ULT and cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults with spontaneous memory complaints. Material and methods We performed a secondary observational analysis using data of 1,673 participants ≥ 70 years old from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT Study), a randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a multidomain intervention, the administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), both, or placebo on cognitive decline. We compared cognitive decline during the 5-year follow-up between three groups according to ULT use: participants treated with ULT during at least 75% of the study period (PT ≥ 75; n = 51), less than 75% (PT < 75; n = 31), and non-treated participants (PNT; n = 1,591). Cognitive function (measured by a composite score) was assessed at baseline, 6 months and every year for 5 years. Linear mixed models were performed and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of arterial hypertension or diabetes, baseline composite cognitive score, and MAPT intervention groups. Results After the 5-year follow-up, only non-treated participants presented a significant decline in the cognitive composite score (mean change − 0.173, 95%CI -0.212 to -0.135; p < 0.0001). However, there were no differences in change of the composite cognitive score between groups (adjusted between-group difference for PNT vs. PT < 75: 0.089, 95%CI -0.160 to 0.338, p = 0.484; PNT vs. PT ≥ 75: 0.174, 95%CI -0.042 to 0.391, p = 0.115). Conclusion Use of ULT was not associated with reduced cognitive decline over a 5-year follow-up among community-dwelling older adults at risk of dementia.

scholarly journals Higher Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Are Associated With a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline: A 2-Year Follow Up Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
Kazushige Ihara ◽  
Mitsugu Hachisu ◽  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Serum Bdnf

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels with the subsequent short-term decline in cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older adults.DesignTwo-year prospective, observational study.Setting and ParticipantsThe study included 405 adults aged 65–84 years, initially free of a dementia diagnosis who were living in Tokyo, Japan.MethodsParticipants underwent health assessments at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2013). Serum BDNF levels and scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese version (MoCA-J) were systematically measured. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of cognitive decline between baseline and follow-up assessments in the full MoCA-J scale (operationally defined as a decrease of two or more points), as well as in MoCA-J subscales (decline of one or more points in a specific subscale), as a function of serum BDNF level, adjusting for baseline demographics, prevalent chronic diseases, and baseline cognitive scores.ResultsAmong individuals who performed worse on the full MoCA-J at baseline (i.e., scores in the bottom quartile [≤21], which is consistent with a mild cognitive impairment status), but not among those who performed better (top 3 quartiles), those with highest baseline serum BDNF levels (top quartile) had lower odds of subsequent decline in the full MoCA-J scale than those with lowest (bottom quartile); i.e., odds ratio (OR): 0.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02–0.62; p = 0.013). Regarding MoCA-J subscales, adjusted odds of decline in the executive function subscale, but not in the other five subscales, were substantially low among those with highest baseline serum BDNF levels (top quartile), as compared to those with the lowest (bottom quartile), i.e., OR: 0.27 (95% CI:0.13–0.60; p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion and ImplicationsHigher serum BDNF levels were associated with a lower risk of decline in cognitive function in a sample of community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Risk varied across cognitive subdomains and according to baseline cognition. This warrants further research to evaluate the added-value of serum BDNF in health promotion initiatives directed toward cognitive decline prevention in community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Isometric strength vs. functional mobility and their relationship with risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro L Valenzuela ◽  
Nicola A Maffiuletti ◽  
Hugo Saner ◽  
Narayan Schütz ◽  
Beatrice Rudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Falls are a major concern for older adults and their care givers. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is extensively used to identify individuals at risk of falling, but less is known about the validity of simple isometric strength measures for this purpose. We aimed to assess the potential of isometric strength measures and the different modalities of the TUG test to detect individuals at risk of falling. Methods: Twenty-four community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years, 19 females, 88±7 years) performed three variations of the TUG test (standard, cognitive, motor) and three isometric strength tests (handgrip, knee extension and hip flexion) at baseline and at several time points (every ~6 weeks) during a 13-month follow-up. Linear mixed model analyses were then performed to examine differences between those who sustained ≥1 fall during the follow-up and those who did not. Results: Fallers had a worse performance in all TUG variations and a lower strength in all tests than non-fallers in non-adjusted analyses (p<0.05). However, when adjusting for baseline variables (age, gender, body mass index, and previous history of falls), only differences in handgrip and knee extension isometric strength measures remained significant (p=0.019 and p=0.042, respectively). Isometric strength measures related to changes in TUG performance both at baseline and during the follow-up (p<0.05). Conclusions: Isometric strength measures has potential to serve as a simple tool to detect individuals at risk of falling as compared to functional mobility measures (i.e. TUG test).

scholarly journals Intrinsic Capacity vs. Multimorbidity: A Function-Centered Construct Predicts Disability Better Than a Disease-Based Approach in a Community-Dwelling Older Population Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Jagadish K. Chhetri ◽  
Yi Chang ◽  
Zheng Zheng ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Status ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Adl Disability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Better Than

Objective: This study aimed to assess the status of intrinsic capacity (IC)—a novel function-centered construct proposed by the WHO and examine whether impairment in IC predicts subsequent 1-year activities of daily living (ADL) disability better than a disease-based approach, i. e., multimorbidity status.Methods: This study included data of community-dwelling older adults from the Beijing Longitudinal Study on Aging II aged 65 years or older who were followed up at 1 year. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to estimate the odds of ADL disability at baseline and 1-year follow-up.Results: A total of 7,298 older participants aged 65 years or older were included in the current study. About 4,742 older adults were followed up at 1 year. At baseline, subjects with a higher impairment in IC domains showed higher odds of ADL disability [adj. odds ratio (OR) = 9.51 for impairment in ≥3 domains, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.751] compared to much lower odds of ADL disability in subjects with a higher number (≥3) of chronic diseases (adj. OR 3.92, AUC = 0.712). At 1-year follow-up, the overall incidence of ADL disability increased with the impairment in IC domains higher than the increase in multimorbidity status. A higher impairment in IC domains showed higher odds of incidence ADL disability for impairment in 2 or ≥3 IC domains (adj. OR 2.32 for impairment in ≥3 domains, adj. OR 1.43 for impairment in two domains, AUC = 0.685). Only subjects who had ≥3 chronic diseases had higher odds of 1-year incident ADL disability (adj. OR 1.73, AUC = 0.681) that was statistically significant.Conclusion: Our results imply that a function-centered construct could have higher predictability of disability compared to the multimorbidity status in community older people. Our results need to be confirmed by studies with longer follow-up.

scholarly journals Forgiveness Interventions for Older Adults: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Javier López ◽  
Maria Inés Serrano ◽  
Isabel Giménez ◽  
Cristina Noriega
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Treatments ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of forgiveness interventions in older adults was conducted. International databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched for studies published from 1990 to 2020 that attempted to promote forgiveness in older adults. Most intervention studies are group treatments targeted towards community-dwelling older adults. Participants in these studies are mainly women. The intervention objectives and contents vary widely and often criteria are not well-defined. Participants that received forgiveness interventions reported significantly higher levels of forgiveness than participants that did not receive treatment. Additionally, forgiveness interventions resulted in more changes in depression, stress and anger than no intervention conditions. Forgiveness treatment also enhances positive states (satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, and psychological wellbeing). The reported effects are moderate. The specific treatment model (e.g., Enright’s, Worthington’s) and format (e.g., group-based interventions and individually delivered programs) do not differentially predict better outcomes. In conclusion, future intervention studies should include more male participants and utilize a broader range of follow-up periods. Caution must be exercised because of the limited number of studies developed to date; researchers must be cautious when generalizing the results.

scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Laetitia Lengelé ◽  
Olivier Bruyère ◽  
Charlotte Beaudart ◽  
Jean-Yves Reginster ◽  
Médéa Locquet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
P Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

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