scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii: Effects of Artemisia annua L. on susceptibility to infection in experimental models in vitro and in vivo

2009 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taísa Carrijo de Oliveira ◽  
Deise A. Oliveira Silva ◽  
Cristina Rostkowska ◽  
Samantha Ribeiro Béla ◽  
Eloisa A.V. Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Artemisia Annua L

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Artemisia Annua L. Extract Assessment of Antioxidant Activity in vitro and in vivo Toxicity Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1903-1907
Author(s):  
Roxana Liana Stan ◽  
Bogdan Sevastre ◽  
Adriana Corina Hangan ◽  
Sanda Bota ◽  
Daniela Hanganu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Haematological Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity ◽  
Artemisia Annua L ◽  
Toxicity Studies

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo toxicity of the Artemisia Annua L. extract. The plant was harvested from Bihor area (Crisul Repede and Negru river valleys), Romania. Preparation of the plant product and of the lyophilizated extract was carried out in accordance with the Romanian Pharmacopeia Xth Edition. Lyophilized extract was evaluated in terms of polyphenol content using HPLC method. Antioxidant activity was highlighted using the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Hepatic, renal and haematological toxicity studies have been performed on laboratory mice. For this purpose blood and organs were collected. Biochemical and haematological parameters were determined on the blood samples and histopathological examination was performed on organs. In vitro antioxidant effect of Artemisia Annua L extract and its lack of in vivo toxicity were demonstrated. It is desirable to obtain a new phytoproduct harvested from spontaneous flora of Romania with antioxidant / antitumoral properties and which is devoid of toxicity.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of kojic acid against Toxoplasma gondii in experimental models of acute toxoplasmosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Montazeri ◽  
Saeed Emami ◽  
Hossein Asgarian-Omran ◽  
Soheil Azizi ◽  
Mehdi Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

Flavonoids casticin and chrysosplenol D from Artemisia annua L. inhibit inflammation in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 286 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jie Li ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Xiao-Gang Weng ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Artemisia Annua L

Enrofloxacin is able to control Toxoplasma gondii infection in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models

2012 ◽  
Vol 187 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bellisa Freitas Barbosa ◽  
Angelica Oliveira Gomes ◽  
Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro ◽  
Danielle Reis Napolitano ◽  
José Roberto Mineo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The efficacy of herbal medicines against Toxoplasma gondii during the last 3 decades: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Sharif ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Abdol Sattar Pagheh ◽  
Shabnam Asfaram ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Current Systematic Review

The objective of the current study was to systematically review papers discussing the efficacy of medicinal herbs against Toxoplasma gondii. Data were systematically collected from published papers about the efficacy of herbs used against T. gondii globally from 1988 to 2015, from PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. Forty-nine papers were included in the current systematic review reporting the evaluation of medicinal plants against T. gondii globally, both in vitro and in vivo. Sixty-one plants were evaluated. Most of the studies were carried out on Artemisia annua. The second highest number of studies were carried out on Glycyrrhiza glabra extracts. RH and ME49 were the predominant parasite strains used. Additionally, Swiss-Webster and BALB/c mice were the major animal models used. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts were used more than other types of extracts. Natural compounds mentioned here may be developed as novel and more effective therapeutic agents that improve the treatment of toxoplasmosis due to their lower side effects, higher availability, and better cultural acceptance compared with those of the chemical drugs that are currently being used.

Neutralization of a Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LHN-1) and Conventional Heparin by Protamine Sulfate in Rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Diness ◽  
P B Østergaard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Protamine Sulfate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Antithrombotic Effect ◽  
Higher Doses

SummaryThe neutralization of a low molecular weight heparin (LHN-1) and conventional heparin (CH) by protamine sulfate has been studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the APTT activity of CH was completely neutralized in parallel with the anti-Xa activity. The APTT activity of LHN-1 was almost completely neutralized in a way similar to the APTT activity of CH, whereas the anti-Xa activity of LHN-1 was only partially neutralized.In vivo, CH 3 mg/kg and LHN-1 7.2 mg/kg was given intravenously in rats. The APTT and anti-Xa activities, after neutralization by protamine sulfate in vivo, were similar to the results in vitro. In CH treated rats no haemorrhagic effect in the rat tail bleeding test and no antithrombotic effect in the rat stasis model was found at a protamine sulfate to heparin ratio of about 1, which neutralized APTT and anti-Xa activities. In LHN-1 treated rats the haemorrhagic effect was neutralized when APTT was close to normal whereas higher doses of protamine sulfate were required for neutralization of the antithrombotic effect. This probably reflects the fact that in most experimental models higher doses of heparin are needed to induce bleeding than to prevent thrombus formation. Our results demonstrate that even if complete neutralization of APTT and anti-Xa activities were not seen in LHN-1 treated rats, the in vivo effects of LHN-1 could be neutralized as efficiently as those of conventional heparin. The large fall in blood pressure caused by high doses of protamine sulfate alone was prevented by the prior injection of LHN-1.

Antimicrobial peptides for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, allies or foes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1138-1147
Author(s):  
Bruno Rivas-Santiago ◽  
Flor Torres-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that has become a serious public health issue in recent years, although increasing incidence has been controlled, deaths caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been accentuated due to the emerging of multi-drug resistant strains and the comorbidity with diabetes mellitus and HIV. This situation is threatening the goals of World Health Organization (WHO) to eradicate tuberculosis in 2035. WHO has called for the creation of new drugs as an alternative for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, among the plausible molecules that can be used are the Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). These peptides have demonstrated remarkable efficacy to kill mycobacteria in vitro and in vivo in experimental models, nevertheless, these peptides not only have antimicrobial activity but also have a wide variety of functions such as angiogenesis, wound healing, immunomodulation and other well-described roles into the human physiology. Therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis using AMPs must be well thought prior to their clinical use; evaluating comorbidities, family history and risk factors to other diseases, since the wide function of AMPs, they could lead to collateral undesirable effects.

Epithelial Organotypic Cultures: A Viable Model to Address Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis by Epitheliotropic Viruses

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Termini ◽  
Enrique Boccardo
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Organotypic Cultures ◽  
Skin Physiology

In vitro culture of primary or established cell lines is one of the leading techniques in many areas of basic biological research. The use of pure or highly enriched cultures of specific cell types obtained from different tissues and genetics backgrounds has greatly contributed to our current understanding of normal and pathological cellular processes. Cells in culture are easily propagated generating an almost endless source of material for experimentation. Besides, they can be manipulated to achieve gene silencing, gene overexpression and genome editing turning possible the dissection of specific gene functions and signaling pathways. However, monolayer and suspension cultures of cells do not reproduce the cell type diversity, cell-cell contacts, cell-matrix interactions and differentiation pathways typical of the three-dimensional environment of tissues and organs from where they were originated. Therefore, different experimental animal models have been developed and applied to address these and other complex issues in vivo. However, these systems are costly and time consuming. Most importantly the use of animals in scientific research poses moral and ethical concerns facing a steadily increasing opposition from different sectors of the society. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of alternative in vitro experimental models that accurately reproduce the events observed in vivo to reduce the use of animals. Organotypic cultures combine the flexibility of traditional culture systems with the possibility of culturing different cell types in a 3D environment that reproduces both the structure and the physiology of the parental organ. Here we present a summarized description of the use of epithelial organotypic for the study of skin physiology, human papillomavirus biology and associated tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals Experimental Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Preclinical Perspective

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3651
Author(s):  
Alexandru Blidisel ◽  
Iasmina Marcovici ◽  
Dorina Coricovac ◽  
Florin Hut ◽  
Cristina Adriana Dehelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Type

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most frequent form of primary liver carcinoma, is a heterogenous and complex tumor type with increased incidence, poor prognosis, and high mortality. The actual therapeutic arsenal is narrow and poorly effective, rendering this disease a global health concern. Although considerable progress has been made in terms of understanding the pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutical approaches, several facets of human HCC remain undiscovered. A valuable and prompt approach to acquire further knowledge about the unrevealed aspects of HCC and novel therapeutic candidates is represented by the application of experimental models. Experimental models (in vivo and in vitro 2D and 3D models) are considered reliable tools to gather data for clinical usability. This review offers an overview of the currently available preclinical models frequently applied for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma in terms of initiation, development, and progression, as well as for the discovery of efficient treatments, highlighting the advantages and the limitations of each model. Furthermore, we also focus on the role played by computational studies (in silico models and artificial intelligence-based prediction models) as promising novel tools in liver cancer research.

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