Flavonoids casticin and chrysosplenol D from Artemisia annua L. inhibit inflammation in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 286 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jie Li ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Xiao-Gang Weng ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Artemisia Annua L

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii: Effects of Artemisia annua L. on susceptibility to infection in experimental models in vitro and in vivo

2009 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taísa Carrijo de Oliveira ◽  
Deise A. Oliveira Silva ◽  
Cristina Rostkowska ◽  
Samantha Ribeiro Béla ◽  
Eloisa A.V. Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Artemisia Annua L

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Artemisia Annua L. Extract Assessment of Antioxidant Activity in vitro and in vivo Toxicity Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1903-1907
Author(s):  
Roxana Liana Stan ◽  
Bogdan Sevastre ◽  
Adriana Corina Hangan ◽  
Sanda Bota ◽  
Daniela Hanganu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Haematological Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity ◽  
Artemisia Annua L ◽  
Toxicity Studies

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo toxicity of the Artemisia Annua L. extract. The plant was harvested from Bihor area (Crisul Repede and Negru river valleys), Romania. Preparation of the plant product and of the lyophilizated extract was carried out in accordance with the Romanian Pharmacopeia Xth Edition. Lyophilized extract was evaluated in terms of polyphenol content using HPLC method. Antioxidant activity was highlighted using the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Hepatic, renal and haematological toxicity studies have been performed on laboratory mice. For this purpose blood and organs were collected. Biochemical and haematological parameters were determined on the blood samples and histopathological examination was performed on organs. In vitro antioxidant effect of Artemisia Annua L extract and its lack of in vivo toxicity were demonstrated. It is desirable to obtain a new phytoproduct harvested from spontaneous flora of Romania with antioxidant / antitumoral properties and which is devoid of toxicity.

Anthelmintic activity of Artemisia annua L. extracts in vitro and the effect of an aqueous extract and artemisinin in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 2345-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida C. Cala ◽  
Jorge F. S. Ferreira ◽  
Ana Carolina S. Chagas ◽  
Javier M. Gonzalez ◽  
Rodney A. F. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Artemisia Annua L

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Artemisia annua L. tincture

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tamara Ćetković ◽  
Anja Haverić ◽  
Lejla Čaluk Klačar ◽  
Maida Hadžić Omanović ◽  
Sanin Haverić
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Artemisia Annua L ◽  
Peripheral Blood Culture ◽  
Pharmaceutical Form ◽  
In Series ◽  
Dose Dependent

The genus Artemisia (fam. Asteraceae) is one of the largest and widely distributed with around 500 species, majority used as aromatic and medicinal plants. Artemisia annua L. is widely used as a dietary spice, herbal tea, as a supplement, and in a non-pharmaceutical form for treatment of malaria and fever. It is orally consumed as capsules, extracts and tinctures and topically applied as an essential oil diluted in lotions and ointments. Artemisinin is the main constituent of Artemisia annua L. extracts. Since the discovery that the artemisinin is efficient in malaria treatment, there is also a growth in consumption of A. annua extracts for antitumour and even recently for antiviral treatments against SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study aimed to investigate genotoxic effect in peripheral blood culture and cytotoxic effects in cancer and normal cell lines, of commercially available A. annua L. tincture in series of dilutions. Both comet and neutral red uptake assays revealed dose-dependent genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of A. annua tincture dilutions. Comet assay revealed significantly increased DNA damage in peripheral blood cells while neutral-red assays showed increase in cytotoxicity (p<0.001) in both normal and cancer cell cultures treated with the lowest extract dilution compared to the highest one applied. Obtained results indicate caution needed in A. annua L. tincture use, especially when poorly diluted.

scholarly journals A Review on Plant Bioactive Compounds and Their Modes of Action Against Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwairiah Remali ◽  
Wan Mohd Aizat
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Viral Attachment ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated the need for development of new vaccine candidates and therapeutic drugs to fight against the underlying virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, no antiviral treatment is available to treat COVID-19 as treatment is mostly directed to only relieving the symptoms. Retrospectively, herbal medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years as a medicinal alternative including for the treatment of various viral illnesses. However, a comprehensive description using various medicinal plants in treating coronavirus infection has not to date been described adequately, especially their modes of action. Most other reports and reviews have also only focused on selected ethnobotanical herbs such as Traditional Chinese Medicine, yet more plants can be considered to enrich the source of the anti-viral compounds. In this review, we have screened and identified potential herbal medicinal plants as anti-coronavirus medication across major literature databases without being limited to any regions or ethnobotanic criteria. As such we have successfully gathered experimentally validated in vivo, in vitro, or in silico findings of more than 30 plants in which these plant extracts or their related compounds, such as those of Artemisia annua L., Houttuynia cordata Thunb., and Sambucus formosana Nakai, are described through their respective modes of action against specific mechanisms or pathways during the viral infection. This includes inhibition of viral attachment and penetration, inhibition of viral RNA and protein synthesis, inhibition of viral key proteins such as 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) and papain-like protease 2 (PLpro), as well as other mechanisms including inhibition of the viral release and enhanced host immunity. We hope this compilation will help researchers and clinicians to identify the source of appropriate anti-viral drugs from plants in combating COVID-19 and, ultimately, save millions of affected human lives.

scholarly journals Are herbal drugs effective in COVID management? A review to demystify the current facts and claims

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Riyaz Beg ◽  
Barira Siddiqui ◽  
Pramod Waghmare ◽  
Shital Ghodinde ◽  
Snehal Bikkad
Keyword(s):  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
New Research

Amid the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, herbal medicines have received much attention in its evidence-based therapeutics. Scientists across the globe are integrating new research at an unprecedented fast pace for the discovery of novel molecules against this deadly viral disease. Ever since ancient times, phytochemicals have long been used traditionally for the cure of many viral diseases and lately many are being tested for their potential against the viral replications/transcriptions. The unmatched structural diversity of phytoconstituents may prove to be a gold mine for antiviral drug discovery. Many plants like Heteromorpha spp ., Bupleurum spp , Scrophularia scorodonia , Artemisia annua , Pyrrosia lingua , Lycoris radiate , and Lindera agregata have also been reported to have antiviral potential against SARS-CoV. Recently many synthetic molecules like remdesivir, tocilizumab, favipirapir, dexamethasone, glucocorticoid, and hydroxychloroquine etc. have been extensively investigated for their potential against the SARS‐CoV‐2, likewise, various plant-based molecules such as scutellarein, silvestrol, tryptanthrin, saikosaponin B2, quercetin, myricetin, caffeic acid, psoralidin, isobavachalcone, and lectins-griffiths in were also found to be equally effective. Needless to mention that, the herbal medicines are a valuable and powerful source of chemical compounds which need further chemical modifications and appropriate in-vitro and in-vivo testings for establishing their safety and efficacy as potential drugs against the battle with coronavirus pandemic. In this review, we will try to highlight the potential phytochemicals candidates with their possible molecular targets against the SARS‐CoV‐2and demystify the myths behind the purported remedies such as herbal therapies, teas, essential oils, tinctures, and silver products such as colloidal silver that have no scientific evidence to prevent or cure COVID-19. Apart from that, this review will also de-fabricate the surgency of objectionable claims that are continuously reckoning towards the treatment of COVID-19 with hundred per cent surety and are propagated by several herbal firms.

scholarly journals Artemisia annua L. extracts prevent in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj S Nair ◽  
Yaoxing Huang ◽  
David A Fidock ◽  
Stephen J Polyak ◽  
Jessica Wagoner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Artemisinin Derivatives

SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) globally has infected and killed millions of people. Besides remdesivir, there are no approved small molecule-based therapeutics. Here we show that extracts of the medicinal plant, Artemisia annua L., which produces the antimalarial drug artemisinin, prevents SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. We measured antiviral activity of dried leaf extracts of seven cultivars of A. annua sourced from four continents. Hot-water leaf extracts based on artemisinin, total flavonoids, or dry leaf mass showed antiviral activity with IC50 values of 0.1-8.7 μM, 0.01-0.14 μg, and 23.4-57.4 μg, respectively. One sample was >12 years old, but still active. While all hot water extracts were effective, concentrations of artemisinin and total flavonoids varied by nearly 100-fold in the extracts and antiviral efficacy was inversely correlated to artemisinin and total flavonoid contents. Artemisinin alone showed an estimated IC50 of about 70 μM, and antimalarial artemisinin derivatives artesunate, artemether, and dihydroartemisinin were ineffective or cytotoxic at elevated micromolar concentrations. In contrast, the antimalarial drug amodiaquine had an IC50 = 5.8 μM. The extracts had minimal effects on infection of Vero E6 or Calu-3 cells by a reporter virus pseudotyped by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. There was no cytotoxicity within an order of magnitude of the antiviral IC90 values. Results suggest the active component in the extracts is likely something besides artemisinin or is a combination of components acting synergistically to block post-entry viral infection. Further studies will determine in vivo efficacy to assess whether A. annua might provide a cost-effective therapeutic to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.

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