Pod harvest index as a selection criterion to improve drought resistance in white pea bean

2013 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshale Assefa ◽  
Stephen E. Beebe ◽  
Idupulapati M. Rao ◽  
Juan B. Cuasquer ◽  
Myriam C. Duque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

scholarly journals Evidence for genotypic differences among elite lines of common bean in the ability to remobilize photosynthate to increase yield under drought

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. RAO ◽  
S. E. BEEBE ◽  
J. POLANIA ◽  
M. GRAJALES ◽  
C. CAJIAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Wild Bean ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Terminal Drought Stress ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

SUMMARYCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume for human consumption. Drought stress is the major abiotic stress limitation of bean yields in smallholder farming systems worldwide. The current work aimed to determine the role of enhanced photosynthate mobilization to improve adaptation to intermittent and terminal drought stress and to identify a few key adaptive traits that can be used for developing drought-resistant genotypes. Field studies were conducted over three seasons at Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Palmira, Colombia to determine genotypic differences in adaptation to intermittent (two seasons) and terminal (one season) drought stress compared with irrigated conditions. A set of 36 genotypes, including 33 common bean, two wild bean and one cowpea were evaluated using a 6 × 6 lattice design under irrigated and rainfed field conditions. Three common bean elite lines (NCB 226, SEN 56, SER 125) were identified with superior levels of adaptation to both intermittent and terminal drought stress conditions. The greater performance of these lines under drought stress was associated with their ability to remobilize photosynthate to increase grain yield based on higher values of harvest index, pod harvest index, leaf area index and canopy biomass. Two wild bean germplasm accessions (G 19902, G 24390) showed very poor adaptation to both types of drought stress. One small-seeded black line (NCB 226) was superior in combining greater values of canopy biomass with greater ability to mobilize photosynthates to grain under both types of drought stress. Two small-seeded red lines (SER 78, SER 125) seem to combine the desirable traits of enhanced mobilization of photosynthates to seed with effective use of water through canopy cooling under terminal drought stress. Pod harvest index showed significant positive association with grain yield under both types of drought stress and this trait can be used by breeders as an additional selection method to grain yield in evaluation of breeding populations for both types of drought stress.

HARVEST INDEX AS A SELECTION CRITERION FOR GRAIN YIELD IN TWO SPRING WHEAT CROSSES GROWN AT TWO POPULATION DENSITIES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Population Densities

The use of harvest index as a selection criterion for grain yield in F2 populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown at two population densities was investigated. Harvest index was useful in delineating yield differences between lines for both crosses. The F4 lines selected in F2 for a high harvest index yielded about 9% more per plot in 1978 than F4 lines having a low harvest index in F2. Generally, lines selected at the higher commercial seeding rate yielded more than lines selected at the lower plant density. In 1979, a heavy Fusarium infection reduced the mean grain yield of the F6 lines and suppressed any significant response to selection resulting from population density and harvest index in F2. While selection based on high harvest index at low population density can be used to select higher yielding plants it was not as effective as selection at high population density which more closely approximates commercial crop densities. Additional research is needed before the use of harvest index as a selection tool in wheat breeding programs can be recommended for use in Atlantic Canada.

scholarly journals Genetic Correlation Between Fe and Zn Biofortification and Yield Components in a Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Diaz ◽  
Jose Polania ◽  
Daniel Ariza-Suarez ◽  
Cesar Cajiao ◽  
Miguel Grajales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume for direct human consumption worldwide. It is a rich and relatively inexpensive source of proteins and micronutrients, especially iron and zinc. Bean is a target for biofortification to develop new cultivars with high Fe/Zn levels that help to ameliorate malnutrition mainly in developing countries. A strong negative phenotypic correlation between Fe/Zn concentration and yield is usually reported, posing a significant challenge for breeders. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic relationship between Fe/Zn. We used Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) mapping and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) analysis in three bi-parental populations that included biofortified parents, identifying genomic regions associated with yield and micromineral accumulation. Significant negative correlations were observed between agronomic traits (pod harvest index, PHI; pod number, PdN; seed number, SdN; 100 seed weight, 100SdW; and seed per pod, Sd/Pd) and micronutrient concentration traits (SdFe and SdZn), especially between pod harvest index (PHI) and SdFe and SdZn. PHI presented a higher correlation with SdN than PdN. Seventy-nine QTLs were identified for the three populations: 14 for SdFe, 12 for SdZn, 13 for PHI, 11 for SdN, 14 for PdN, 6 for 100SdW, and 9 for Sd/Pd. Twenty-three hotspot regions were identified in which several QTLs were co-located, of which 13 hotpots displayed QTL of opposite effect for yield components and Fe/Zn accumulation. In contrast, eight QTLs for SdFe and six QTLs for SdZn were observed that segregated independently of QTL of yield components. The selection of these QTLs will enable enhanced levels of Fe/Zn and will not affect the yield performance of new cultivars focused on biofortification.

scholarly journals Nitrogen distribution in four grain legumes

2004 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AYAZ ◽  
B. A. McKENZIE ◽  
G. D. HILL ◽  
D. L. McNEIL
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Legume Plant

The partitioning of above ground nitrogen (N) in chickpea (Cicer arietinum), lentil (Lens culinaris), lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and pea (Pisum sativum) at crop maturity was investigated. The plants were grown at different plant populations and sowing depths in 1998/99 and 1999/2000 in Canterbury, New Zealand. In all four legumes the N concentration was highest in seed (29–36 mg/g N) followed by senescent leaves. The lowest N concentration was in stems. Lupin had the highest seed N yield at 16·82 and 19·29 g/m2 followed by chickpea at 10·26 and 13·10 g/m2, in 1998/99 and 1999/2000, respectively. Lentil had the lowest N concentrations and yield. The distribution of N to all legume plant parts increased as population increased up to twice the optimum and 400 plants/m2 in 1998/99 and 1999/2000, respectively. Over all plant populations, the nitrogen harvest index (NHI) was stable in each of the four species across the two seasons. However, the NHI changed with changes in plant population and sowing depth. The N accumulation efficiency (EN) was highest in lentil at 0·024 and 0·027 g N/g DM and lowest in chickpea at 0·018 and 0·021 g N/g DM in 1998/99 and 1999/2000, respectively. The NHI and the crop harvest index (CHI) were correlated and both were strongly associated with seed yield. Thus, NHI might be useful as a selection criterion to improve seed yield in grain legumes.

scholarly journals Improving adaptation to drought stress in white pea bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.): Genotypic effects on grain yield, yield components and pod harvest index

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshale Assefa ◽  
Idupulapati M. Rao ◽  
Steven B. Cannon ◽  
Jixiang Wu ◽  
Zenbaba Gutema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genotypic Effects ◽  
Adaptation To Drought ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

scholarly journals A proposed selection criterion for drought resistance across multiple environments in maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuan-Fang Hao ◽  
Xin-Hai Li ◽  
Zhi-Jun Su ◽  
Chuan-Xiao Xie ◽  
Ming-Shun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Multiple Environments

scholarly journals Productive performance of soybean cultivars grown in different plant densities

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Belchior Marchetti Ribeiro ◽  
Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Everton Vinicius Zambiazzi ◽  
Igor Oliveri Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

ABSTRACT: Plants density in soybean cultivation is an important management practice to achieve high grain yield. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the agronomic traits and grain yield in soybean in different plant densities, in two locations in the south of Minas Gerais. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, arranged in a split plot design, with three replications. Plots were composed of four population densities (300, 400, 500 and 600 thousand plants per hectare) and the subplots were composed of six cultivars (‘BMX Força RR’, ‘CD 250 RR’, ‘FMT 08 - 60.346/1’, ‘NA 5909 RR’, ‘TMG 7161 RR’ and ‘V - TOP RR’) grown in Lavras and Inconfidentes, both in Minas Gerais. At the time of harvest was determined the plant height, lodging, insertion of the first pod, harvest index, number of pods per plant, number of grains, number of grains per pod and yield. Regardless of the soybean cultivar, the plant density of up to 600,000 per ha does not affect grain yield, plant height, lodging, harvest index, and number of grains per pod. The cultivars ‘V-TOP RR’ and ‘BMX FORÇA RR’ showed high grain yield and good agronomic traits in Lavras and Incofidentes.

Post-flowering dry matter accumulation and partitioning and timing of crop maturity in chickpea in western Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadeta Anbessa, Tom Warkentin ◽  
Rosalind Bueckert, Albert Vandenberg ◽  
Yantai Gan
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Crop Maturity ◽  
Pod Harvest Index

A field experiment aimed at determining whether timing of crop maturity was related to patterns of dry matter (DM) accumulation and partitioning to reproductive organs in chickpea was conducted at different locations in Saskatchewan over two seasons, 2003 and 2004. Five genotypes 272-2, 298T-9, E100Ym, CDC Anna, and CDC Frontier were grown in a RCB design with four replications. Beginning at 60 d after seeding (DAS) and every 15 d following, plant samples were taken and separated into stem, leaf and pod fractions. Then dry weights of the sample fractions were determined. Total DM production showed an increasing trend over sampling dates, but the increase was at a decreasing rate beginning in mid-season. The early genotype 272-2 had a pattern of total DM accumulation similar to the others, but had significantly smaller vegetative (stem plus leaf) DM accumulation during the latter part of the growth period. This shows a relatively high proportion of DM partitioning to pod for 272-2. Also, the partitioning of resources to reproductive parts (allometric partitioning) and pod harvest index were each negatively associated with days to maturity, implying that assimilate partitioning for maximum pod DM is important for early maturity in chickpea in western Canada. Key words: days to maturity, post-flowering growth, dry matter, dry matter partitioning, pod harvest index

Response to two-way selection for harvest index in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crosses

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
F2 Generation

A two-way selection experiment was conducted during 1974 and 1975 with two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crosses with a view to measuring the direct response of harvest index and its correlated response of grain yield. In the F2 generation, 10% selection intensity was applied for high as well as low harvest index and the selected populations were grown in the F3 generation. The progenies selected for low harvest index in the F2 generation gave low harvest index in F3 plants also, while those selected for high harvest index in the F2 generation segregated into high and medium harvest index in F3 plants. Simple and partial correlations of plant weight and grain yield with harvest index suggested a moderate to high positive association of grain yield with harvest index in the F3 generation. Estimates of heritability and gain from selection were high. The crosses under study provided evidence on the possible use of harvest index as a selection criterion for yield improvement in early segregating generations.

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