Natural regeneration and recruitment of native Quercus robur and introduced Q. rubra in European oak-pine mixed forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 449 ◽  
pp. 117473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Woziwoda ◽  
Marcin K. Dyderski ◽  
Sylwia Kobus ◽  
Agnieszka Parzych ◽  
Andrzej M. Jagodziński
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
European Oak

Growth and management of mixed Pinus sylvestris - Quercus robur stands in Flanders, Belgium

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Maddelein ◽  
J. Neirynck ◽  
G. Sioen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Stand Management ◽  
Pine Stands

Mature  Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris  L.) stands are dominating large parts of the Flemish forest area. Broadleaved  species regenerate spontaneously under this pine canopy. This study studied  the growth and development of two planted pine stands with an older natural  regeneration, dominated by pedunculate oak (Quercus  robur L.), and discussed management options for  similar stands.     The results indicated a rather good growth of the stands, with current  annual increments of 5 m3.ha-1.yr-1. The pine overstorey is growing into valuable sawwood  dimensions, while the broadleaved understorey slowly grows into the  upperstorey. The quality of the regeneration is moderate but can be improved  by silvicultural measurements (pruning, early selection).     In both stands, an interesting (timber production, nature conservation)  admixture of secondary tree species is present in the regeneration. Stand  management is evolving from the classical clearcut system towards a  combination of a type of selection and group selection system.

scholarly journals Impact of Thermotherapy and Short-Term Storage on Quercus robur L. Acorn Mycobiota and Germination

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Jelena Kranjec Orlović ◽  
Damir Drvodelić ◽  
Marko Vukelić ◽  
Matea Rukavina ◽  
Danko Diminić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Short Term Storage ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Term Storage

When natural regeneration of Quercus robur stands is hampered by an insufficient acorn yield, human assisted sowing of acorns collected in non-affected stands and stored for some period of time is performed. To inhibit the development of fungi and acorn deterioration during storage, thermotherapy is usually applied by submerging acorns for 2.5 h in water heated to 41 °C. This research aimed to test the effect of four thermotherapy treatments of different durations and/or applied temperatures as well as short-term storage at −1 °C or 3 °C on acorn internal mycobiota and germination. Fungal presence in cotyledons was analyzed in 450 acorns by isolation of mycelia on artificial media, followed by a DNA-based identification. Germination of 2000 acorns was monitored in an open field trial. Thermotherapy significantly decreased fungal diversity, while storage at 3 °C increased the isolation frequency of several fungi, mainly Penicillium spp. The most frequently isolated fungi did not show a negative impact on acorn germination after short-term storage. The study confirmed the efficiency of thermotherapy in the eradication of a part of acorn internal mycobiota, but also its effect on the proliferation of fast-colonizing fungi during storage. However, the latter showed to be more stimulated by storage conditions, specifically by storage at 3 °C.

scholarly journals Gap regeneration and dynamics: the case study of mixed forests at Křtiny in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Maame Esi Hammond ◽  
Radek Pokorný ◽  
Lumír Dobrovolný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Gap Regeneration

Abstract Gap regeneration remains the best silviculture technique for sustainable forest regeneration in mixed forests. The study examined tree species composition, diversity and dynamics of natural regeneration in gaps under three contrasting forest stands at Křtiny in the Czech Republic. In spring 2013, experimental gap design begins, when semi-permanent 1 m2 circular sub-sampling plots along North-South-East-West transects were delineated under 6 selected natural canopy openings ≤ 20 m2. In winter 2013/14, these naturally originated openings were artificially enlarged to the current gap sizes ranging between 255 and 1149 m2 through group felling. Natural regeneration in gaps was measured four times: from the growing season before disturbance (BD) in 2013 to the next three consecutive growing seasons after disturbance in 2014 – 2016, respectively. Seven (7) new species with light demanding growth strategy that were previously not present at mother stands were occurring there during the first growing season after disturbance (FGS), yielding the highest taxa (14 species) and diversity (Shannon diversity index, H = 1.7) while BD attained the lowest (8 species; H = 0.9), respectively. Study site being part of Fagus sylvatica vegetation community and providing favorable natural conditions for the optimal growth of Picea abies significantly explains the regeneration dominance of these species in gap regeneration from BD until the third growing season after disturbance (TGS), respectively. Small scale gap-disturbance contributed to the higher regeneration densities of all studied species during FGS. However, drought, competition from other life forms, and browsing activities substantially caused a progressive decline in natural regeneration during three consecutive years after disturbance.

scholarly journals Appropriate Removal of Forest Litter is Beneficial to Pinus tabuliformis Carr. Regeneration in a Pine and Oak Mixed Forest in the Qinling Mountains, China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Xueying Huo ◽  
Dexiang Wang ◽  
Deye Bing ◽  
Yuanze Li ◽  
Haibin Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Qinling Mountains ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Pinus Tabuliformis ◽  
Plant Ash

Research Highlights: Natural regeneration is important in pine–oak mixed forests (Pinus armandii Franch., Pinus tabuliformis Carr., and Quercus aliena Bl. var. acuteserrata Maxim.ex Wenz.), but allelopathy as a limiting factor has not been studied. Our research provides insights into allelopathy in pine–oak mixed forest litter. Background and Objectives: Allelopathy among tree species occupying the same ecological niche in mixed forests may adversely affect regeneration. We studied allelopathy in pine and oak forest litter to determine the effect on regeneration, whether it is offset by adding activated carbon or plant ash, and what allelopathic substances are present. Materials and Methods: We used laboratory seed culture and field seeding to determine pine and oak litter regeneration effects on P. tabuliformis and P. armandii in the Qinling Mountains, China. In the laboratory, we irrigated seeds with three different litter concentrations. A fourth treatment incorporated activated carbon. The field study established small quadrats in mixed forest to study how removing or retaining litter and spreading plant ash affected sown seeds. High performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to compare differences in chemical substances in extracts with and without activated carbon. Results: Litter extracts significantly affected germination rates in both species. Seedling morphological and physiological indexes showed that litter extracts negatively affected growth in both species, but activated carbon alleviated this inhibitory effect on P. armandii. Forest stand and litter did not affect P. armandii seed germination. Pinus tabuliformis germination rates were significantly higher in plots with removed litter than when litter was retained or plant ash spread, and lower in oak than pine forest. Allelopathic substances detected in pine forest were trioctyl trimellitate, amyloid β-Peptide 10–20, and triisobutyl phosphate, potentially affecting P. armandii seed germination and growth. Conclusions: Appropriate removal of litter in mixed forests can improve the natural regeneration ability of P. tabuliformis.

Influence of the canopy in the natural regeneration of Quercus robur in NW Spain

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vizoso-Arribe ◽  
Ignacio Díaz-Maroto ◽  
Pablo Vila-Lameiro ◽  
Maria Díaz-Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Hemispherical Photography ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Partial Opening ◽  
The One ◽  
Further Development

AbstractThe problem of natural regeneration of forests, in general, is essential especially under the climate change scenario. The canopy influence on the establishment and growth of oak seedlings supposes an approximation to the still lack of knowledge of oak forests heterogeneity. The management directly concerns the radiation that absorbs the canopy and, therefore, to the undergrowth radiation. The aim of the study was to research the existing relationships between the light percentage that crosses the canopy and comes up to the natural regeneration in native stands of Quercus robur L. in Galicia, in NW Spain. After making the stratification of the stands according to their canopy, data collection was based on the percentage of available light in the undergrowth estimated by means of hemispherical photography.The results show that in areas with a better light percentage, there is a greater regeneration density, which is justified by presenting largest development of the vegetation in the partial opening. The most important conclusion is that San Fitoiro forest is the one with better conditions for seedling establishment, because, the percentage of light reaching the understory are the lowest, providing shade conditions turn out to be a clave factor in the germination of acorns and further development of them.

scholarly journals Quantitative trait loci of tolerance to waterlogging in a European oak (Quercus robur L.): physiological relevance and temporal effect patterns

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIEN PARELLE ◽  
MARION ZAPATER ◽  
CAROLINE SCOTTI-SAINTAGNE ◽  
ANTOINE KREMER ◽  
YVES JOLIVET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Temporal Effect ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
European Oak

scholarly journals Macromycetes of oak-lime-hornbeam woods in the Niepołomice Forest near Kraków (S Poland) - monitoring studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-266
Author(s):  
Władysława Wojewoda ◽  
Zofia Heinrich ◽  
Halina Komorowska
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
International Project ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
S Poland ◽  
European Oak ◽  
Made In

In the years 1994-1996 studies on macromycetes of the Niepołomice Forest near Kraków were made in four plots designated in deciduous forests (<i>Tilio-Carpinetum stachyetosum</i>) with a population of <i>Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur</i> and <i>Tilia cordata</i> (the size of each plot was 1000 m<sup>2</sup>). The observations were made through an international project "Mycological monitoring in European oak forests". As many as 274 species were recorded, including 234 saprobic, 33 mycorrhizal, and 7 parasitic fungi. Moreover, 15 species of fungi are connected with oak, 24 species of fungi are threatened, and 16 species are new to Poland.

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