The effect of long-term Cd exposure on the content of reduced GSH and SH groups in Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn) larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. S102-S103
Author(s):  
Srđana Đorđievski ◽  
Kinga Sántha ◽  
Elvira Vukašinović ◽  
Tatjana Čelić ◽  
Danijela Kojić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Cd Exposure

scholarly journals The Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota Caused by Low-Dose Cadmium Aggravate the Injury of Mice Liver through Increasing Intestinal Permeability

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehao Liu ◽  
Yuhui Li ◽  
Yuhong Xia ◽  
Kaiyong Liu ◽  
Lingling Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mice Liver ◽  
Hepatic Transcriptome ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Cadmium (Cd), widely present in food and drinking water at low doses, can cause health risks. However, the mechanistic effects of long-term Cd exposure at low dose through dietary intake is poorly studied. The aim of this study is to elucidate whether the dysbiosis of gut microbiota caused by Cd at an environmental low dose can aggravate the injury of mice liver, and the possible mechanism is investigated. In order to explore the potential underlying mechanism, the analyses of the variation of gut microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and hepatic transcriptome were conducted. Our results showed that gut microbiota was disturbed. The rise of intestinal permeability induced by the dysbiosis of gut microbiota resulted in more Cd ions accumulating in mice liver, but it could be restored partly through depleting gut microbiota by antibiotics cocktail. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that 162 genes were significantly differentially expressed including 59 up-regulated and 103 down-regulated in Cd treatment. These genes were involved in several important pathways. Our findings provide a better understanding about the health risks of cadmium in the environment.

scholarly journals Long-Term Cd Exposure Alters the Metabolite Profile in Stem Tissue of Medicago sativa

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2707
Author(s):  
Annelie Gutsch ◽  
Sophie Hendrix ◽  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
Jenny Renaut ◽  
Stanley Lutts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Stem Tissue ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cd Exposure

As a common pollutant, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals accumulating in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities. The uptake of Cd by plants is the main entry route into the human food chain, whilst in plants it elicits oxidative stress by unbalancing the cellular redox status. Medicago sativa was subjected to chronic Cd stress for five months. Targeted and untargeted metabolic analyses were performed. Long-term Cd exposure altered the amino acid composition with levels of asparagine, histidine and proline decreasing in stems but increasing in leaves. This suggests tissue-specific metabolic stress responses, which are often not considered in environmental studies focused on leaves. In stem tissue, profiles of secondary metabolites were clearly separated between control and Cd-exposed plants. Fifty-one secondary metabolites were identified that changed significantly upon Cd exposure, of which the majority are (iso)flavonoid conjugates. Cadmium exposure stimulated the phenylpropanoid pathway that led to the accumulation of secondary metabolites in stems rather than cell wall lignification. Those metabolites are antioxidants mitigating oxidative stress and preventing cellular damage. By an adequate adjustment of its metabolic composition, M. sativa reaches a new steady state, which enables the plant to acclimate under chronic Cd stress.

scholarly journals Resistance to European Corn Borer in Processing Sweet Corn

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gardner ◽  
Michael P. Hoffmann ◽  
Margaret E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Scale Resistance

Trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to determine if there is a range of resistance to European corn borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)] (ECB) in commercially available processing sweet corn (Zea mays L.). Twelve processing corn cultivars were tested in 1997 and 18 cultivars in 1998. About 40 first instar larvae of colony-reared ECB were used to infest plants in both whorl and silking stages of growth. At harvest, plants infested at the whorl stage were evaluated for numbers of larvae and larval tunnels, and length of larval tunnels. Plants infested at the silking stage were evaluated for number of larvae per ear and were rated for ear damage using a 9-point scale. Resistance rankings among cultivars were consistent between years and between silk- and whorl-infested plants. We conclude that there is a substantial range of resistance already present in processing sweet corn cultivars, and that resistance is probably a combination of both exclusion and suppression of feeding. Our findings have two immediate uses: incorporation into existing IPM programs and incorporation of identifiable resistance bearing cultivars into a long-term breeding program for resistance to ECB in sweet corn.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of acute cadmium exposure on testis immune privilege

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
B. Deng ◽  
O. V. Pakhomov ◽  
G. A. Bozhok
Keyword(s):  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Group I ◽  
Neonatal Testis ◽  
Cd Exposure

Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread and non-biodegradable pollutant of great concern to human health. This element can affect cellular signal transduction and cell-to-cell interaction in the testis. Immune tolerance towards auto- and alloantigens is an important component of testis immunity. It is involved in spermatogenesis and hormone secretion. Plus, the immune tolerance may help to reveal the changes in testis immunity over a long period after Cd exposure. The current research was aimed at investigating the long-term effects of acute Cd exposure on testis immunity by means of elicitation of testicular immune cell composition shift induced by Cd. Cadmium chloride was intraperitoneally injected at 3 mg Cd/kg to mice. After that testis interstitial cells were stained with surface markers for leukocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD45, CD11b, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25) and analyzed cytofluorimetrically by week 4, 6, 8 and 12 after Cd administration (Cd group). To identify the delayed effects of cadmium on immune tolerance two groups of animals were subjected to intratesticular allotransplantation of neonatal testis (groups ITT and Cd+ ITT). One of the groups was administered with Cd four weeks before the transplantation (Cd+ITT group). I group served as a control that did not undergo any transplantation or Cd injection. For a better demonstration of the phenomenon of immunological tolerance of the testicles, an additional group (UKT group) was used which got grafts under the kidney capsule (non-immune privileged site).Investigation of the cell population showed that CD45+, CD11b+, CD4+, CD8+ cells were permanently present in testicular interstitial tissue in I group. Intratesticular testis transplantation increased the proportion of CD11b+ but did not have such a pronounced effect on CD8+ cells in ITT group. Moreover, the transplantation elevated CD4+ CD25+ cells known for their immunosuppressive property and promoted graft development by week 2 (histological data). Cd injection resulted in severe inflammation that quenched by week 4 (Cd and Cd+ ITT groups). This time point was chosen for transplantation in Cd+ ITT group. Such Cd pretreatment led to a high CD8+ cell proportion and to the delayed appearance of CD4+ CD25+ cells by week 2 (Cd+ ITTgroup). The finding is consistent with the impairment of graft development in Cd+ ITTgroup pretreated with Cd. Observation suggest that Cd pretreatment was associated with disproportion of interstitial immune cell populations which resulted in the impairment of immunoprotective function of the testis. The impairment of testis immunity showed itself only after several weeks of Cd administration, and only when the recipient testis immunity was provoked by alloantigens of donor testes.

Effects of long term sublethal Cd exposure in rainbow trout during soft water exposure: implications for biotic ligand modelling

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Hollis ◽  
James C McGeer ◽  
D.Gordon McDonald ◽  
Chris M Wood
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Water Exposure ◽  
Biotic Ligand ◽  
Cd Exposure

scholarly journals Cancer Mortality and Long-Term Environmental Exposure of Cadmium in Contaminated Community Based on a Third Retrospective Cause of Death Investigation of Residents Living in the Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2005

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Jiang ◽  
Lijuan Gong ◽  
Hao Ding ◽  
Mao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Cancer Mortality Risk

AbstractThis study compared the temporal and geographic trends of cancer in China with a specific focus on the long-term exposure to soil cadmium (Cd) pollution. The geographic information system (GIS; kriging interpolation method) was used to detect the Cd contained in the soil from the Dabaoshan area, Guangdong Province. The standard rate ratio (SRR) was calculated to describe the relationship between Cd exposure and cancer mortality risk using the low-exposure group as a reference. Eight hundred six cancer deaths (533 male and 273 female) in the total population of 972,970 were identified, and the age-standardized rate (world) was 145.64 per 100,000. Significant dose-response relationships were found using the low-exposure group as the reference group. The Cd soil levels were positively associated with the cancer mortality risk in the community population, particularly for all cancers (SRR = 3.27; 95% CI = 2.42–4.55), esophageal cancer (SRR = 5.42; 95% CI = 1.07–30.56), stomach cancer (SRR = 5.99; 95% CI = 2.00–18.66), liver cancer (SRR = 4.45; 95% CI = 2.16–10.34), and lung cancer (SRR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.62–5.31) for the total population. Additionally, similar results were obtained when using the 2000 China standard population. Cd exposure significantly affected the standardized mortality rates (China) by age group for all cancers, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer in the total population, particularly in the age groups of 35–54, 55–74, and ≥ 75 years, respectively. Cd soil level is likely positively associated with increased cancer mortality of all cancer types and esophageal, stomach, liver, and lung cancers but not for other specific categories of cancer.

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