RNA-Seq revealed the impairment of immune defence of tilapia against the infection of Streptococcus agalactiae with simulated climate warming

AbstractPredicting plant distributions under climate change is constrained by our limited understanding of potential rapid adaptive evolution. In an experimental evolution study with the invasive common ragweed, we subjected replicated populations of the same initial genetic composition to simulated climate warming. Pooled DNA sequencing of parental and offspring populations showed that warming populations experienced a greater loss of genetic diversity, and greater genetic divergence from their parents, than control populations. In a common environment, offspring from warming populations showed more convergent phenotypes in seven out of nine plant traits, with later flowering and larger biomass, than plants from control populations. For both traits, we also found a significant higher ratio of phenotypic to genetic differentiation across generations for warming than for control populations, indicating stronger selection under warming conditions. Our findings demonstrate that ragweed populations can rapidly evolve in response to climate change within a single generation.

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Going further post-RNA-seq: In silico functional analyses revealing candidate genes and regulatory elements related to mastitis in dairy cattle

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029921000571 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Hyago Passe Pereira ◽

Lucas Lima Verardo ◽

Mayara Morena Del Cambre Amaral Weller ◽

Ana Paula Sbardella ◽

Danísio Prado Munari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Gene Networks ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Functional Analyses ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the regulatory genes and molecules involved in the development of mastitis. For this purpose, the transcription factors (TF) and MicroRNAs (miRNA) related to differentially expressed genes previously found in extracorporeal udders infected with Streptococcus agalactiae were investigated. The Gene-TF network highlighted LOC515333, SAA3, CD14, NFKBIA, APOC2 and LOC100335608 and genes that encode the most representative transcription factors STAT3, PPARG, EGR1 and NFKB1 for infected udders. In addition, it was possible to highlight, through the analysis of the gene-miRNA network, genes that could be post-transcriptionally regulated by miRNAs, such as the relationship between the CCL5 gene and the miRNA bta-miR-363. Overall, our data demonstrated genes and regulatory elements (TF and miRNA) that can play an important role in mastitis resistance. The results provide new insights into the first functional pathways and the network of genes that orchestrate the innate immune responses to infection by Streptococcus agalactiae. Our results will increase the general knowledge about the gene networks, transcription factors and miRNAs involved in fighting intramammary infection and maintaining tissue during infection and thus enable a better understanding of the pathophysiology of mastitis.

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