Feasibility of cultivation of Spinibarbus sinensis with coconut oil and its effect on disease resistance (nonspecific immunity, antioxidation and mTOR and NF-kB signaling pathways)

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 726-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wu ◽  
Weiguang Yang ◽  
Yuying Dong ◽  
Yanling Wang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Nonspecific Immunity ◽  
Spinibarbus Sinensis

The Optimized Inclusion Level of Bacillus Subtilis Fermented Azolla Pinnata In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Diets: Immunity, Antioxidative Status, Intestinal Digestive Enzymes and Histomorphometry, And Disease Resistance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Ismail ◽  
Elsayed Hegazi ◽  
Eldsokey Nassef ◽  
Ola A. Habotta ◽  
Mahmoud S. Gewaily
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Nonspecific Immunity ◽  
Inclusion Level

Abstract A 95-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of feeding Bacillus subtilis fermented Azolla (BSFA) on nonspecific immunity, antioxidative status, intestinal digestive enzymes and histomorphometry, and disease resistance in the Nile tilapia. We formulated five isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets to incorporate BSFA at (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%). The growth performance parameters (FBW, BWG, SGR, PER and FCR) revealed a significant increase in the BSFA30 tilapia group compared to the control group followed by BSFA45 (P < 0.05). The BSFA30 group exhibited the highest nonspecific immunity parameters (lysozyme activity, phagocytic index and phagocytic activity) compared to other groups (P < 0.05). SOD and GPx reported the highest values in the BSFA60 group. Nile tilapia carcass composition was not influenced by BSFA inclusion level (P ˃ 0.05). Interestingly, Nile tilapia fed with BSFA15 diet exhibited the highest protease activity level (P ˂ 0.05), while those fed on BSFA30 documented the highest amylase activity. Intestinal histomorphology was significantly enhanced with the gradual increase of administrated BSFA. Tilapia disease resistance against A. septicemia, BSFA significantly diminished the cumulative mortality compared to the control group. To sum up, BSFA was more effective in improving the growth performance and immunity of Nile tilapia.

Virgin coconut oil supplementation in diet modulates immunity mediated through survival signaling pathways in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalgi Hima ◽  
Uday P Pratap ◽  
Sunil Karrunanithi ◽  
Kishore A. Ravichandran ◽  
Ramasamy Vasantharekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Con A ◽  
Survival Signaling ◽  
Intracellular Signaling Molecules

AbstractBackgroundVirgin coconut oil (VCO), a cold processed form of coconut oil, is traditionally consumed in Asian countries owing to its nutritional and medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the health benefits of VCO involve alterations in immune responses that are regulated by intracellular signaling molecules in the spleens of rats.MethodsYoung male Wistar rats were fed with three doses of VCO in diet for 30 days. At the end of the treatment period, spleens were isolated and in vitro effects on immune responses (Concanavalin A [Con A]-induced lymphoproliferation and cytokine production), and direct effects of VCO treatment on intracellular signaling molecules and antioxidant status were examined. Serum was collected to measure glucose, lipid levels, and leptin.ResultsVCO supplementation in diet enhanced Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation and Th1 cytokine production while it suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine production. VCO increased the expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), sirtuin1 (SIRT1), liver kinase B1 (p-LKB1) p-ERK, and p-CREB in spleen. Similarly, VCO increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes while it suppressed lipid peroxidation in the spleen. VCO diet had hypolipidemic effects on the rats: an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels while lowering triacylglycerol (TAG) levels.ConclusionThe health benefits of VCO may be mediated through enhanced Th1 immunity through the upregulation of survival signaling pathways and inhibition of free radical generation in the spleen besides its capacity to induce hypolipidemia.

scholarly journals NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C plays a role in nonhost disease resistance againstPseudomonas syringaepathogens by regulating chloroplast-generated reactive oxygen species

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Ishiga ◽  
Takako Ishiga ◽  
Yoko Ikeda ◽  
Takakazu Matsuura ◽  
Kirankumar S. Mysore
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Plant Innate Immunity ◽  
Knock Out

Chloroplasts are cytoplasmic organelles for photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. In addition, recent studies have shown that chloroplasts have a critical role in plant innate immunity against invading pathogens. Hydrogen peroxide is a toxic by-product from photosynthesis, which also functions as a signaling compound in plant innate immunity. Therefore, it is important to regulate the level of hydrogen peroxide in response to pathogens. Chloroplasts maintain components of the redox detoxification system including enzymes such as 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prxs), and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC). However, the significance of 2-Cys Prxs and NTRC in the molecular basis of nonhost disease resistance is largely unknown. We evaluated the roles of Prxs and NTRC using knock-out mutants ofArabidopsisin response to nonhostPseudomonas syringaepathogens. Plants lacking functional NTRC showed localized cell death (LCD) accompanied by the elevated accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in response to nonhost pathogens. Interestingly, theArabidopsis ntrcmutant showed enhanced bacterial growth and disease susceptibility of nonhost pathogens. Furthermore, the expression profiles of the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated signaling pathways and phytohormone analyses including SA and JA revealed that theArabidopsis ntrcmutant shows elevated JA-mediated signaling pathways in response to nonhost pathogen. These results suggest the critical role of NTRC in plant innate immunity against nonhostP. syringaepathogens.

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