Soil organic matter characteristics as indicator of Chernozem genesis in the Baltic Sea region

Soil organic matter (SOM) is unevenly distributed in arable fields in undulated landscapes, but the chemical composition resulting from their turnover, transport and deposition processes is insufficiently known. Therefore, we aimed at disclosing the molecular-chemical composition of SOM in four different catenae at shoulderslope, backslope and footslope positions in arable fields in the Baltic Sea catchment, Europe. The backslope positions always had the lowest organic C-contents (Corg) (1.6…11.8 g·kg−1) and C-stocks (3.8…8.5 kg·m−2) compared to the shoulderslopes and footslopes (1.7…17.7 g·Corg·kg−1, 5.4…15 kg·Corg·m−2). In the SOM-poor backslope positions, the organic matter was characterized by relatively high proportions of carbohydrates, phenols + lignin monomers, alkylaromatic compounds, N-compounds and amides, indicating intensive microbial decomposition. By contrast, the footslopes had the largest Corg-contents (9.3…16.5 g·kg−1) and C-stocks (8.9…15 kg·m−2) in the catenae and particular enrichments in lipids, lignin dimers, sterols and free fatty acids. These relatively stabile SOM compound classes are interpreted as leftovers from erosive downslope transport and concurrent microbial decomposition, e.g., they are pronounced at backslope positions, followed by restricted microbial decomposition. This heterogeneous SOM distribution calls for an adapted soil management that reduces erosion and places amendments to field areas, such as the shoulderslope and backslope.

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The Baltic Sea Region and the Cold War

10.3726/978-3-653-01760-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

The Cold War

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Tracing the SW border of the Svecofennian Domain in the Baltic Sea region: evidence from petrology and geochronology from a granodioritic migmatite

International Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00531-021-02005-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Evgenia Salin ◽

Jeremy Woodard ◽

Krister Sundblad

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Short Distance ◽

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Crystalline Basement ◽

Drill Core ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Drill Site ◽

Southwestern Margin ◽

The Baltic

AbstractGeological investigations of a part of the crystalline basement in the Baltic Sea have been performed on a drill core collected from the depth of 1092–1093 m beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover offshore the Latvian/Lithuanian border. The sample was analyzed for geochemistry and dated with the SIMS U–Pb zircon method. Inherited zircon cores from this migmatized granodioritic orthogneiss have an age of 1854 ± 15 Ma. Its chemical composition and age are correlated with the oldest generation of granitoids of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt (TIB), which occur along the southwestern margin of the Svecofennian Domain in the Fennoscandian Shield and beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover on southern Gotland and in northwestern Lithuania. It is suggested that the southwestern border of the Svecofennian Domain is located at a short distance to the SW of the investigated drill site. The majority of the zircon population shows that migmatization occurred at 1812 ± 5 Ma, with possible evidence of disturbance during the Sveconorwegian orogeny.

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A review of the cultivation potential of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus (L.)) in the Baltic Sea region: a promising candidate species for marine aquaculture in Russia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/689/1/012040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 689 (1) ◽

pp. 012040

Author(s):

D Pyanov

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Promising Candidate ◽

Marine Aquaculture ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Candidate Species ◽

Turbot Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

The Baltic

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Variation of growth and phenology traits in poplars planted in clonal trials in Northern Europe—implications for breeding

BioEnergy Research ◽

10.1007/s12155-021-10262-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anneli Adler ◽

Almir Karacic ◽

Ann-Christin Rönnberg Wästljung ◽

Ulf Johansson ◽

Kaspars Liepins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Populus Trichocarpa ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Volume Index ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Bud Burst ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

European Climate ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic

AbstractThe increased demand for wood to replace oil-based products with renewable products has lifted focus to the Baltic Sea region where the environment is favorable for woody biomass growth. The aim of this study was to estimate broad-sense heritabilities and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions in growth and phenology traits in six climatically different regions in Sweden and the Baltics. We tested the hypothesis that both bud burst and bud set have a significant effect on the early growth of selected poplar clones in Northern Europe. Provenance hybrids of Populus trichocarpa adapted to the Northern European climate were compared to reference clones with adaptation to the Central European climate. The volume index of stemwood was under low to medium genetic control with heritabilities from 0.22 to 0.75. Heritabilities for phenology traits varied between 0.31 and 0.91. Locally chosen elite clones were identified. G×E interactions were analyzed using pairwise comparisons of the trials. Three different breeding zones for poplars between the latitudes of 55° N and 60° N in the Baltic Sea Region were outlined. The studied provenance hybrids with origin from North America offer a great possibility to broaden the area with commercial poplar plantations in Northern Europe and further improve the collection of commercial clones to match local climates. We conclude that phenology is an important selection criterion after growth.

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Boosting urban health and well-being through cross-sectoral cooperation

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

A Liinamo ◽

K Matinheikki-Kokko ◽

I Gobina ◽

A Villeruša

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract In the future, health promotion would require developed strategies that lead to stronger cross-sectoral cooperation. Cross-sectoral cooperation enables the integration of fragmented resources and competencies, which benefit service solutions for urban health. Healthy Boost “Urban Labs for Better Health for All in the Baltic Sea Region”, funded by the EU Interreg Baltic Sea Region -program, aims to develop the Model for cross-sectoral cooperation, which will be tested in the cities of the Baltic Sea Region during 2020-21. The self-assessment tool for cross-sectoral cooperation was developed, and the self-assessment among the nine cities in seven countries from the Baltic Sea Region was conducted in 2019. The results indicated to what extent the staff (n = 329) in the cities have recognized the cross-sectoral cooperation for health and wellbeing as strategically crucial in their policies, communication, and in the design of their organizational functions. The daily practices were evaluated in terms of how systematically cities have implemented cross-sector actions for health and wellbeing. The biggest challenges for cooperating across sectors for the cities were coordination and systematic identification of the community needs for health promotion. The cooperative actions were less systematic than expected in the strategic approach. The variation among respondents' assessments was high within the cities that lead to a conclusion about existing gaps in coordination, communication, and leadership of cross-sectoral work within the cities. The Likert type self-assessment measurement was statistically reliable in both strategic and operational dimensions of cooperation. Key messages Evaluation and measurements are needed to identify cross-sectoral actions to health and well-being. The evidence-based Model developed in the Healthy Boost project will guide partners towards systematic cross-sectoral cooperation processes.

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Cell-free extracellular enzymatic activity is linked to seasonal temperature changes: a case study in the Baltic Sea

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-13-2815-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2815-2821 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Federico Baltar ◽

Catherine Legrand ◽

Jarone Pinhassi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Hydrolytic Activity ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

The Baltic ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Abstract. Extracellular enzymatic activities (EEAs) are a crucial step in the degradation of organic matter. Dissolved (cell-free) extracellular enzymes in seawater can make up a significant contribution of the bulk EEA. However, the factors controlling the proportion of dissolved EEA in the marine environment remain unknown. Here we studied the seasonal changes in the proportion of dissolved relative to total EEA (of alkaline phosphatase (APase), β-glucosidase (BGase), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAPase)), in the Baltic Sea for 18 months. The proportion of dissolved EEA ranged between 37 and 100, 0 and 100, and 34 and 100 % for APase, BGase, and LAPase, respectively. A consistent seasonal pattern in the proportion of dissolved EEA was found among all the studied enzymes, with values up to 100 % during winter and <  40 % during summer. A significant negative relation was found between the proportion of dissolved EEA and temperature, indicating that temperature might be a critical factor controlling the proportion of dissolved relative to total EEA in marine environments. Our results suggest a strong decoupling of hydrolysis rates from microbial dynamics in cold waters. This implies that under cold conditions, cell-free enzymes can contribute to substrate availability at large distances from the producing cell, increasing the dissociation between the hydrolysis of organic compounds and the actual microbes producing the enzymes. This might also suggest a potential effect of global warming on the hydrolysis of organic matter via a reduction of the contribution of cell-free enzymes to the bulk hydrolytic activity.

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