Risk Factors for Mobility Limitation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Social Ecological Perspective

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases with pathophysiology strongly linked to aging. A range of circulatory metabolic biomarkers such as inflammatory adipokines have been associated with MetS; however, the diagnostic power of these markers as MetS risk correlates in elderly has yet to be elucidated. This cross-sectional study investigated the diagnostic power of circulatory metabolic biomarkers as MetS risk correlates in older adults. Methods: Hundred community dwelling older adults (mean age: 68.7 years) were recruited in a study, where their blood pressure, body composition and Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) were measured; and their fasting capillary and venous blood were collected. The components of the MetS; and the serum concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-I (PAI-I), Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Cystatin-C, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), insulin and ferritin were measured within the laboratory, and the HOMA1-IR and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) were calculated. Results: Apart from other markers which were related with some cardiometabolic (CM) risk, after Bonferroni correction insulin had significant association with all components of Mets and AIP. These associations also remained significant in multivariate regression. The multivariate odds ratio (OR with 95% confidence interval (CI)) showed a statistically significant association between IL-6 (OR: 1.32 (1.06–1.64)), TNF-α (OR: 1.37 (1.02–1.84)), Resistin (OR: 1.27 (1.04–1.54)) and CRP (OR: 1.29 (1.09–1.54)) with MetS risk; however, these associations were not found when the model was adjusted for age, dietary intake and adiposity. In unadjusted models, insulin was consistently statistically associated with at least two CM risk factors (OR: 1.33 (1.16–1.53)) and MetS risk (OR: 1.24 (1.12–1.37)) and in adjusted models it was found to be associated with at least two CM risk factors and MetS risk (OR: 1.87 (1.24–2.83) and OR: 1.25 (1.09–1.43)) respectively. Area under curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristics (ROC) demonstrated a good discriminatory diagnostics power of insulin with AUC: 0.775 (0.683–0.866) and 0.785 by cross validation and bootstrapping samples for at least two CM risk factors and AUC: 0.773 (0.653–0.893) and 0.783 by cross validation and bootstrapping samples for MetS risk. This was superior to all other AUC reported from the ROC analysis of other biomarkers. Area under precision-recall curve for insulin was also superior to all other markers (0.839 and 0.586 for at least two CM risk factors and MetS, respectively). Conclusion: Fasting serum insulin concentration was statistically linked with MetS and its risk, and this link is stronger than all other biomarkers. Our ROC analysis confirmed the discriminatory diagnostic power of insulin as CM and MetS risk correlate in older adults.

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Polish Translation and Validation of the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) Questionnaire to Assess Nutritional and Non-Nutritional Risk Factors of Sarcopenia in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1061

Author(s):

Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko ◽

Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka ◽

Arkadiusz Styszyński ◽

Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Predictive Value ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

Polish Language ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Translation And Validation

A simple, short, cheap, and reasonably sensitive and specific screening tool assessing both nutritional and non-nutritional risk factors for sarcopenia is needed. Potentially, such a tool may be the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) Questionnaire, which is available in a seven-item (MSRA-7) and five-item (MSRA-5) version. The study’s aim was Polish translation and validation of both MSRA versions in 160 volunteers aged ≥60 years. MSRA was validated against the six sets of international diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia used as the reference standards. PL-MSRA-7 and PL-MSRA-5 both had high sensitivity (≥84.9%), regardless of the reference standard. The PL-MSRA-5 had better specificity (44.7–47.2%) than the PL-MSRA-7 (33.1–34.7%). Both questionnaires had similarly low positive predictive value (PL-MSRA-5: 17.9–29.5%; PL-MSRA-7: 14.4–25.2%). The negative predictive value was generally high for both questionnaires (PL-MSRA-7: 89.8–95.9%; PL-MSRA-5: 92.3–98.5%). PL-MSRA-5 had higher accuracy than the PL-MSRA-7 (50.0–55% vs. 39.4–45%, respectively). Based on the results, the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment questionnaire was successfully adopted to the Polish language and validated in community-dwelling older adults from Poland. When compared with PL-MSRA-7, PL-MSRA-5 is a better tool for sarcopenia risk assessment.

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10-Year Renal Function Trajectories in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Exploring the Risk Factors for Different Patterns

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7100373 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

Chia-Ter Chao ◽

Yung-Ming Chen ◽

Fu-Hui Ho ◽

Kun-Pei Lin ◽

Jen-Hau Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Renal Function ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Improve Risk Stratification ◽

Leukocyte Counts ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Longitudinal changes of renal function help inform patients’ clinical courses and improve risk stratification. Rare studies address risk factors predicting changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time in older adults, particularly of Chinese ethnicity. We identified prospectively enrolled community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) receiving annual health examinations between 2005 and 2015 with serum creatinine available continuously in a single institute, and used linear regression to derive individual’s annual eGFR changes, followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify features associated with different eGFR change patterns. Among 500 elderly (71.3 ± 4.2 years), their mean annual eGFR changes were 0.84 ± 1.67 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, with 136 (27.2%) and 238 (47.6%) classified as having downward (annual eGFR change <0 mL/min/1.73 m2/year) and upward eGFR (≥1 mL/min/1.73 m2/year) trajectories, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that higher age (odds ratio (OR) 1.08), worse renal function (OR 13.2), and more severe proteinuria (OR 9.86) or hematuria (OR 3.39) were predictive of a declining eGFR while greater waist circumference (OR 1.06) and higher leukocyte counts (OR 1.21) were predictive of an uprising 10-year eGFR. These findings elucidate important features associated with geriatric renal function variations, which are expected to improve their renal care.

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Prevalence and Multidimensional Risk Factors of Physical Frailty in Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Findings from Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

10.20944/preprints202009.0423.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Heeeun Jung ◽

Miji Kim ◽

Yunhwan Lee ◽

Chang Won Won

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

National Standard ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Frailty is defined as a state of increased vulnerability to stressors, and it predicts the disability and mortality in the older population. This study aimed to investigate standardized prevalence and multidimensional risk factors associated with frailty among the Korean community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed the baseline data of 2,907 adults aged 70–84 years (mean age 75.8±3.9 years, 57.8% women) in the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. The Fried frailty phenotype was used to define frailty. Analyzed data included sociodemographic, physical, physical function, biological, lifestyle, health condition, medical condition, psychological, and social domains. Data were standardized using the national standard population composition ratio based on the Korean Population and Housing Census. The standardized prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty was 7.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.8–8.9%) and 57.2% (95% CI 45.1–48.8%), respectively. The following 14 risk factors had a significant association with frailty: at risk of malnutrition, sarcopenia, severe mobility limitation, poor social capital, rural dwellers, depressive, poor self-perceived health, polypharmacy, elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, low 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, longer timed up and go, and low short physical performance battery score (p<0.05). Physico-nutritional, psychological, sociodemographic, and medical factors are strongly associated with frailty.

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The role of meaning in life in community-dwelling older adults with depression and relationship to other risk factors

Aging & Mental Health ◽

10.1080/13607863.2017.1396576 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 100-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jana Volkert ◽

Martin Härter ◽

Maria Christina Dehoust ◽

Berta Ausín ◽

Alessandra Canuto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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A Comprehensive Assessment of Risk Factors for Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Journal of Gerontological Nursing ◽

10.3928/00989134-20180913-04 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (10) ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yunchuan (Lucy) Zhao ◽

Jenny Alderden ◽

Bonnie K. Lind ◽

Heejung Kim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Risk Factors For Falls ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Risk factors for future falls among community-dwelling older adults without a fall in the previous year: A prospective one-year longitudinal study

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/j.archger.2020.104161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 104161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaqueline Mello Porto ◽

Natália Camargo Rodrigues Iosimuta ◽

Renato Campos Freire Júnior ◽

Roberta de Matos Brunelli Braghin ◽

Érika Leitner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

One Year ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Prevalence of Physical Frailty and Its Multidimensional Risk Factors in Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Findings from Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17217883 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 7883

Author(s):

Heeeun Jung ◽

Miji Kim ◽

Yunhwan Lee ◽

Chang Won Won

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

National Standard ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Frailty is defined as a state of increased vulnerability to stressors, and it predicts disability and mortality in the older population. This study aimed to investigate the standardized prevalence and multidimensional risk factors associated with frailty among Korean community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed the baseline data of 2907 adults aged 70–84 years (mean age 75.8 ± 3.9 years, 57.8% women) in the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. The Fried frailty phenotype was used to define frailty. Analyzed data included sociodemographic, physical, physical function, biological, lifestyle, health condition, medical condition, psychological, and social domains. Data were standardized using the national standard population composition ratio based on the Korean Population and Housing Census. The standardized prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 7.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.8–8.9%) and 47.0% (95% CI, 45.1–48.8%), respectively. The following 14 risk factors were significantly associated with frailty: at risk of malnutrition, sarcopenia, severe mobility limitation, poor social capital, rural dwellers, depressive symptoms, poor self-perceived health, polypharmacy, elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, low 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, longer Timed Up and Go, and low Short Physical Performance Battery score (p < 0.05). Physiconutritional, psychological, sociodemographic, and medical factors are strongly associated with frailty.

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