Su1656 Adenoma Detection Rate in Screening Compared to Non-Screening Colonoscopies: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. AB381-AB382
Author(s):  
Sherif Elhanafi ◽  
David C. Metz ◽  
Gregory G. Ginsberg ◽  
Shivan J. Mehta ◽  
Nuzhat A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adenoma Detection

scholarly journals Adenoma detection rate as a quality indicator for colonoscopy: a descriptive cross-sectional study from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (11) ◽  
pp. E1707-E1712
Author(s):  
Mian Shah Yousaf ◽  
Shameel Shafqat ◽  
Roger Christopher Gill ◽  
Asfia Arham Khursheed ◽  
Om Parkash
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and study aims Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is validated for measuring quality of colonoscopy, however there is lack of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program in South Asia. The purpose of this study is to analyze and review the polyp detection rate (PDR) and ADR and provide insight into the factors that influence them in Pakistan. Patients and methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, on patients ≥ 18 years, who underwent colonoscopy between January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Results Of 1985 patients, 59 % were male and 41 % female, with mean age of 47.8 ± 16.2 years. The most common indication for colonoscopy was bleeding-per-rectum (28.0 %) and overall PDR and ADR were 17.9 % and 9.9 %, respectively. There was no significant difference between genders for either PDR (P = 0.378) or ADR (P = 0.574). Significantly higher PDR and ADR were found for patients ≥ 50 years (P < 0.001), as well as for suboptimal bowel preparation [PDR (25.7 %; P = 0.007) and ADR (18.6 %; P = 0.014)]. Interestingly, endoscopists with < 500 colonoscopy-procedural-experience reported a higher PDR (21.6 %; P = 0.020) and ADR (14.4 %; P = 0.049), corresponding to a significantly higher PDR (20.6 %; P = 0.005) and ADR (11.7 %; P = 0.02) for endoscopists in practice for ≤ 10 years. Conclusions We have noticed low PDR and ADR, which require further investigation and research. In addition, we believe there should be a different baseline ADR and PDR as a quality indicator for colonoscopy in our region, where no internationally recommended colonoscopic screening programs have been implemented.

scholarly journals Comparison of capillary, venous and buffy coat blood samples in detecting Plasmodium species among malaria suspected patients attending at Hamusite health center. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abeje ◽  
Woyneshet Gelaye ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Both capillary and venous blood samples have been interchangeably used for the diagnosis of malaria in Ethiopia. However, Plasmodium parasites are thought to be more concentrated in capillary than in venous blood. Hence, selecting a sample source where parasites are more concentrated is indispensable approach in order to maximize the accuracy of blood film microscopy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the detection rate and the parasitemia level of Plasmodium species from conventional capillary and venous blood films, and buffy coat preparations. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from Feburary to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected and buffy coat was prepared from each sample. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20 and Med-Calc software version 19.3. Results Capillary blood buffy coat (61/210, 29.0%) had significantly higher detection rate as compared to capillary (48/210, 22.9%) and venous (42/210, 20.0%) blood films (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between capillary and venous blood films (p = 0.070) in detecting Plasmodium species. The highest and the lowest mean asexual stage parasite counts were found in capillary blood buffy coat (4692.88) and venous blood (631.43) films, respectively showing significant variations (p < 0.001). Mean gametocyte count was also highest in capillary blood buffy coat (3958.44). As compared to capillary blood buffy coat, the sensitivity of venous blood buffy coat, capillary blood film and venous blood film were 73.8, 78.7, 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion Capillary blood buffy coat samples showed the highest sensitivity in detecting and quantitating malaria parasites that its use should be promoted in clinical settings. However, conventional capillary and venous blood films could be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Breast imaging hindered during covid-19 pandemic, in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Jordana de Faria Bessa
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Open Access Database

OBJECTIVE: To report the decrease in breast imaging after covid-19 pandemic, obtaining the number of mammograms performed in 2019 and 2020. Additionally, to investigate if there was an increase in the proportion of women undergoing mammography for diagnostic purposes, with palpable lesions. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study, based on the number of mammograms performed by the Brazilian public health services, provided by DATASUS, an open access database. Mammograms from private institutions were not included. This study compares the number of mammograms performed in 2019 and 2020, in women aged 50–69 years, stratified by month, in each federal state, and the presence of palpable lumps (physician-reported). RESULTS: In total, 1,948,471 mammograms were performed in 2019 and 1,126,688 in 2020, for the population studied. These values represent a 42% decline. Monthly, a significant decreased is observed after April 2020. The results varied slightly according to federal state; yet the entire country was affected. Rondônia was the most affected state, with 67% decline. The proportion of women presenting palpable lumps increased from 7.06% on average in 2019 to 7.94% in 2020 (OR = 1.135, 95%CI 1.125–1.145, p = 0,001). DISCUSSION: The number of mammograms performed in 2020 declined considerably. Out of the women who presented for mammogram, the proportion of palpable lumps was significantly higher in 2020. Considering the detection rate of digital mammography, the loss of 800,000 exams means 4,000 undiagnosed breast cancer cases, by the end of 2020.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Childhood Tuberculosis Program in Chegutu District, Zimbabwe, 2020: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Memory Chimsimbe ◽  
Pride Mucheto ◽  
Tsitsi Patience Juru ◽  
Addmore Chadambuka ◽  
Emmanuel Govha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Childhood Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Childhood Tb

Abstract Background Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health concern contributing to significant child morbidity and mortality. A records review of the TB notification for Chegutu District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) showed a low childhood TB case detection rate. For 2018 and 2019, childhood TB notifications were 4% and 7% respectively against the national 12% case detection rate. We evaluated the performance of the childhood TB program in Chegutu. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. Sixty-six health workers (HW) participated in the study. Interviewer-administered questionnaires and checklists were used to collect data on reasons for low TB case detection, HW childhood TB knowledge, program inputs, processes and outputs. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis was used to assess the childhood TB processes. We analyzed the data using Epi Info 7TM to generate frequencies, proportions and means. A Likert scale was used to assess health worker knowledge. Results The majority 51/66(77%) of HW were nurses and 51/66(67%) of respondents were females. Reasons for the low childhood TB case detection were lack of HW confidence in collecting gastric aspirates 55/66(83%) and HW’s negative attitudes towards gastric aspirate collection 23/66(35%). HW 24/66 (37%) had a fair childhood TB notification knowledge. The district had only one functional X-ray machine for 34 health facilities. Only 6/18 motorcycles were functional with inadequate fuel supply. No desk guide for the management of TB in children for HW (2018) was available in 34 health facilities. Ethambutol 400mg was out of stock and adult 800mg tablets were used. Funds allocated for motor vehicle and motorcycles service ($1612USD/year) were inadequate. The district failed to perform planned quarterly TB review meetings, contact tracing and childhood TB training due to funding and COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. Conclusion The childhood TB program failed to meet its targets due to inadequate inputs and suboptimal HW childhood TB knowledge. Case detection and notification can be improved through on-job training, mentorship, support and supervision and adequate resources.

scholarly journals Delay of TB patients in diagnosis in a conflict setting of Mogadishu, Somalia - a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima Said Sheikh ◽  
Abdiwahab Moallim Salad ◽  
Abdi Gele
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Poor Knowledge

BBackground. The TB case detection rate in Somalia is 42%, which is much lower than the WHO target of detecting 70% of new TB cases. Understanding the factors contributing to the delay of TB patients in the diagnosis, and reducing the time between the onset of TB symptoms to diagnosis, is a prerequisite to increase the case detection rate and to ultimately bring the TB epidemic in Somalia under control. The aim of this study is to examine the duration of delay, and factors associated with the delay among patients in TB management centers in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods. An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in TB management clinics providing directly observed treatments (DOTS) programs in Mogadishu. A total of 276 patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire from June-October 2018. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and different logistic regression models. Results. Approximately 78% of study participants were male. Nearly a third (36.5%) came from a household of nine individuals or more, while 73% were unemployed. The median patient and provider delays were 50 days and one day, respectively. The median total delay was 55 days, with an inter-quartile range of 119 days. Patients who had a poor knowledge of the symptoms of TB had 3.16 times higher odds of delay over 50 days than their counterparts. Furthermore, a poor knowledge of the symptoms of TB (aOR 4.22, CI 2.13-8.40), not making ones own decisions in seeking TB treatment (aOR 2.43, CI 1.22-4.86) and a poor understanding of the fact that TB can be treated with biomedical treatment, as opposed to traditional treatment (aOR 2.07, CI 1.02-4.16), were predictors of a patient delay over 120 days. Conclusions. The duration in the delay of TB patients under diagnosis in Mogadishu is one of the highest reported in developing countries, exceeding two years in some patients. Training local community health workers to detect suspected TB cases, and referring the cases of prolonged cough over three weeks for TB care centers for diagnosis, is imperative to help break the transmission and reduce the infectious pool in the population of Mogadishu. This may not only increase the community awareness of TB disease, but it may also facilitate the early referral of TB patients to diagnostic and treatment care centers.

scholarly journals Detection and treatment of mental disorders in patients with coronary heart disease (MenDis-CHD): A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243800
Author(s):  
Samia Peltzer ◽  
Hendrik Müller ◽  
Ursula Köstler ◽  
Frank Schulz-Nieswandt ◽  
Frank Jessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Therapy

Mental disorders (MD) are associated with an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and with higher CHD-related morbidity and mortality. There is a strong recommendation to routinely screen CHD patients for MDs, diagnosis, and treatment by recent guidelines. The current study aimed at mapping CHD patients' (1) state of diagnostics and, if necessary, treatment of MDs, (2) trajectories and detection rate in healthcare, and (3) the influence of MDs and its management on quality of life and patient satisfaction. The design was a cross-sectional study in three settings (two hospitals, two rehabilitation clinics, three cardiology practices). CHD patients were screened for MDs with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and, if screened-positive, examined for MDs with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Quality of Life (EQ-5D), Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions (PACIC), and previous routine diagnostics and treatment for MDs were examined. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared tests, and ANOVA were used for analyses. Analyses of the data of 364 patients resulted in 33.8% positive HADS-screenings and 28.0% SCID-I diagnoses. The detection rate of correctly pre-diagnosed MDs was 49.0%. Physicians actively approached approximately thirty percent of patients on MDs; however, only 6.6% of patients underwent psychotherapy and 4.1% medication therapy through psychotherapists/psychiatrists. MD patients scored significantly lower on EQ-5D and the PACIC. The state of diagnostic and treatment of comorbid MDs in patients with CHD is insufficient. Patients showed a positive attitude towards addressing MDs and were satisfied with medical treatment, but less with MD-related advice. Physicians in secondary care need more training inadequately addressing mental comorbidity.

scholarly journals Histopathology of Polyps and Its Clinical Correlation in Sample of Iraqi Patients Undergoing Colonoscopic Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdulla Al-Khazraji ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hashim ◽  
Mahmood Kamal Hashim ◽  
Wissam Khudhair Abbas ◽  
Mohammed Mousa Dhahir
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rate ◽  
Polyp Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colonoscopic Examination ◽  
Polyp Detection Rate ◽  
Adenoma Detection

BACKGROUND /AIMS: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in 2018, the objective of our study was to describe the types and patterns of colorectal polyps in patients presenting to a tertiary care referral center in Baghdad. We also assessed the polyp detection rate (PDR) and adenoma detection rate (ADR). PATIENTS &amp; METHODS: This is single-institution, descriptive cross-sectional study of consenting 103 patients who had colonoscopy done at the Endoscopy Unit of Baghdad teaching hospital, IRAQ from the 1st of June 2018 to 31st of March 2019 after taking verbal consent, The data collected included: Age, sex, Family history of colorectal malignancies and indication for the current colonoscopy. RESULTS: One thousand and thirty patients were included in the study with a mean age of 44 years (SD = 16), with 560 males representing 54.4% and 470 females representing 45.66%.The polyp detection rate in colonoscopies was 19.4% and the adenoma detection rate was 13.6%. Polyps were found and removed in 200 patients, 40% of the removed polyps were tubular adenomas, tubulovillous adenomas in 20%, villous adenomas in 10%, hyperplastic polyps in 5%. The majority of the polyps were in the distal colon in 80% of patients with polyps. CONCLUSIONS: The polyp detection rate was (19.4%) and adenoma detection rate was (13.6%). The majority of polyps were detected in distal colon.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of GeneXpert in tuberculosis–HIV co–infected patients at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southeastern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242205
Author(s):  
Abebe Sorsa ◽  
Muhammedawel Kaso
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate

Background GeneXpert is a new introduction in the diagnostic modality to fight tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) under the program of intensified TB case finding. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GeneXpert under the program of intensified TB cases finding among PLHIV. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting individuals attending an HIV clinic from February 2018 to January 2019. Data on clinical parameters were collected using a standardized tool. Two-morning sputum samples were collected and processed for smear microscopy and GeneXpert. SPSS 21 used for data analysis. Proportion, percentage, and mean with SD were used to describe variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with the GeneXpert. Values for which the 95% CI interval not includes 1 and for which P<0.05 were considered significant. Result A total of 384 presumptive TB-HIV co-infection cases were included, of which 166 (43%) were diagnosed to have TB. Fifty-four (32.5%) TB cases were smear AFB positive while 79 (47.7%) TB cases were GeneXpert positive. The GeneXpert detection rate was almost two-fold of that of smear microscopy and all smear positive TB cases were detected by GeneXpert. Moreover, GeneXpert was able to detect an additional third of TB confirmed cases among smear AFB negative cases. Advanced stage of the disease, high viral load and presence of anemia were significantly associated with TB. The WHO TB screening tool remained least sensitive with the lowest positive predictive value. Conclusion GeneXpert demonstrated two-fold case detection rate compared to the sputum smear microscopy and additional third TB case detection rate among smear AFB negative cases. Clinical screening tool for evaluation of TB-HIV co-infection showed poor performance in TB case notification.

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