scholarly journals Acceptance and commitment therapy for individuals having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A scoping review

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e07842
Author(s):  
Khadeeja Munawar ◽  
Fahad Riaz Choudhry ◽  
Sook Huey Lee ◽  
Ching Sin Siau ◽  
Nursyuhaidah Binti Mohd Kadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

scholarly journals Clinical Effects of an ACT-Group Training in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vanzin ◽  
Valentina Mauri ◽  
Angela Valli ◽  
Marco Pozzi ◽  
Giovambattista Presti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Global Index ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study is evaluate the effectiveness of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based training protocol, in adjunct to token economy and previous parent training, in a sample of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). By promoting the reduction of immediate responses to thoughts and feelings, we aimed to reduce the impulsive behaviour of children and to improve their self-regulation. Methods The protocol was centred on awareness of the present moment, defusion and acceptance of feelings and emotions. Behavioural (Conners’ Parent Rating Scale -Revised: Long version, CPRS-R:L) and severity measures (Clinical Global Impression -Severity, CGI-S) were assessed before and after treatment in a clinical sample of 31 children aged 8–13 years. Results At the end of the ACT protocol, children showed significant improvement in global functioning and behavioural symptoms. There were significant improvements in the CPRS subscales Cognitive Problems (p = 0.005), Hyperactivity (p = 0.006), Perfectionism (p = 0.017), ADHD Index (p = 0.023), Global Index: Restless–Impulsive (p = 0.023), Global Index: Total (p = 0.036), DSM IV Inattentive (p = 0.029), DSM IV Hyperactive–Impulsive (p = 0.016), and DSM IV Total (p = 0.003). When controlling for the confounding effect of pharmacological therapy, comorbidities and socio-economic status, treatment maintained a significant effect on the CPRS subscales Perfectionism (partial η2 = 0.31, p < 0.01), Global Index: Restless–Impulsive (partial η2 = 0.29, p < 0.01), Global Index: Total (partial η2 = 0.31, p < 0.01), DSM IV Hyperactive–Impulsive (partial η2 = 0.20, p = 0.02). Symptom severity as rated by CGI-S scores decreased in 74.2% of the children. Conclusions This preliminary work on an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based child training in children affected by ADHD resulted in significant improvements, measured by a rating scale specific for ADHD.

scholarly journals Evidence of potential overdiagnosis and overtreatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e032327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luise Kazda ◽  
Katy Bell ◽  
Rae Thomas ◽  
Kevin McGeechan ◽  
Alexandra Barratt
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionWorldwide, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates in children and adolescents have been increasing consistently over the past decades, fuelling a debate about the underlying reasons for this trend. While many hypothesise that a substantial number of these additional cases are overdiagnosed, to date there has been no comprehensive evaluation of evidence for or against this hypothesis. Thus, with this scoping review we aim to synthesise published evidence on the topic in order to investigate whether existing literature is consistent with the occurrence of overdiagnosis and/or overtreatment of ADHD in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisThe proposed scoping review will be conducted in the context of a framework of five questions, developed specifically to identify areas in medicine with the potential for overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The review will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Methodology for Scoping Reviews. We will search Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library electronic databases for primary studies published in English from 1979 onwards. We will also conduct forward and backward citation searches of included articles. Data from studies that meet our predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria will be charted into a standardised extraction template with results mapped to our predetermined five-question framework in the form of a table and summarised in narrative form.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed study is a scoping review of the existing literature and as such does not require ethics approval. We intend to disseminate the results from the scoping review through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and through conference presentations. Further, we will use the findings from our scoping review to inform future research to fill key evidence gaps identified by this review.

scholarly journals The Role of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Cardiovascular and Diabetes Healthcare: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8126
Author(s):  
Amineh Rashidi ◽  
Lisa Whitehead ◽  
Lisa Newson ◽  
Felicity Astin ◽  
Paramjit Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an adapted form of cognitive behavioural therapy. ACT focuses on how thinking affects behaviour and promotes psychological flexibility. The prevalence of psychological distress among people living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high, and ACT may offer an alternative treatment approach. This scoping review explored the use of ACT as an intervention to support adults living with CVD and/or T2DM. A systematic search of the literature resulted in the inclusion of 15 studies. Studies were reviewed using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to conducting scoping reviews. Most studies (n = 13) related to people living with T2DM, and most (n = 10) used a pre-post design, four studies were randomised controlled trials, and one was a qualitative study. Eight studies reported an improvement in the outcome(s) assessed post-intervention, suggesting that ACT was an acceptable and valid intervention to support people living with CVD or T2DM. However, studies were underpowered and only limited studies involved people living with CVD. ACT was assessed as a valuable approach to improve a range of patient-reported outcomes for those living with CVD or T2DM, and further research involving robust study designs and larger cohorts are warranted.

The Impact of Psychological Theory on the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Adults: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Champ
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Behavioural Theory ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treatment Design

Psychological theory and interpretation of research are key elements influencing clinical treatment development and design in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research-based treatment recommendations primarily support Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), an extension of the cognitive behavioural theory, which promotes a deficit-focused characterisation of ADHD and prioritises symptom reduction and cognitive control of self-regulation as treatment outcomes. A wide variety of approaches have developed to improve ADHD outcomes in adults, and this review aimed to map the theoretical foundations of treatment design to understand their impact. A scoping review and analysis were performed on 221 documents to compare the theoretical influences in research, treatment approach, and theoretical citations. Results showed that despite variation in the application, current treatments characterise ADHD from a single paradigm of cognitive behavioural theory. A single theoretical perspective is limiting research for effective treatments for ADHD to address ongoing issues such as accommodating context variability and heterogeneity. Research into alternative theoretical characterisations of ADHD is recommended to provide treatment design opportunities to better understand and address symptoms.

scholarly journals Sensory gating in neurodevelopmental disorders: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Schulz ◽  
Kara Elise Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Sensorimotor Gating ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Sensorimotor gating issues have been commonly reported in a number of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, childhood-onset fluency disorder, and tic disorders. This review aims to explore the current understanding of sensorimotor gaiting in neurodevelopmental disorders as a possible transdiagnostic mechanism. We will apply methods according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. We will follow the population, concept, and context scoping review eligibility criteria. Our population of interest includes individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, childhood onset fluency disorder, and tic disorders as well as individuals from the general population who display traits associated with the disorders of interest. The concept of interest is sensorimotor gating defined as the automatic process of filtering out redundant or unnecessary sensory stimuli from environment. Finally, the context of this review is limited to human studies. Using a comprehensive search strategy in five relevant research databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Scopus), we will search for relevant primary research articles and reviews that have been peer reviewed. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts, full texts, and complete data extraction. Descriptive analyses will be used to summarize the characteristics and outcomes of all identified studies.

scholarly journals The impact of psychological theory on the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults: A scoping review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261247
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Champ ◽  
Marios Adamou ◽  
Barry Tolchard
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Behavioural Theory ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treatment Design

Psychological theory and interpretation of research are key elements influencing clinical treatment development and design in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research-based treatment recommendations primarily support Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), an extension of the cognitive behavioural theory, which promotes a deficit-focused characterisation of ADHD and prioritises symptom reduction and cognitive control of self-regulation as treatment outcomes. A wide variety of approaches have developed to improve ADHD outcomes in adults, and this review aimed to map the theoretical foundations of treatment design to understand their impact. A scoping review and analysis were performed on 221 documents to compare the theoretical influences in research, treatment approach, and theoretical citations. Results showed that despite variation in the application, current treatments characterise ADHD from a single paradigm of cognitive behavioural theory. A single theoretical perspective is limiting research for effective treatments for ADHD to address ongoing issues such as accommodating context variability and heterogeneity. Research into alternative theoretical characterisations of ADHD is recommended to provide treatment design opportunities to better understand and address symptoms.

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