scholarly journals Gender-Specific Relationship of Circulatory Measures with Waterpipe Smoking: The Irbid WiHi project

2021 ◽  
pp. 100379
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Alomari ◽  
Omar F. Khabour ◽  
Karem H. Alzoubi
Keyword(s):  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Gender Specific

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Associations of Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Zonulin with Signs of Depression in Carbohydrate Malabsorbers and Nonmalabsorbers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Meinitzer ◽  
Andreas Baranyi ◽  
Sandra Holasek ◽  
Wolfgang J. Schnedl ◽  
Sieglinde Zelzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Carbohydrate Malabsorption ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Breath Testing ◽  
Lactase Gene ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Gender Specific

Background. The microbiome-derived trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and the intestinal permeability marker zonulin are considered to be linked with depression. Moreover, carbohydrate malabsorption (CMA) was shown to be associated with signs of depression. This study is aimed at investigating possible sex-specific associations between TMAO and zonulin and the presence of depressive signs in individuals with and without CMA. Methods. Serum concentrations of TMAO and zonulin were determined in 115 and 136 individuals with the presence or absence of CMA. All 251 study participants underwent lactase gene C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping and fructose H2/CH4 breath testing. Additionally, they filled in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire. Results. The median TMAO and zonulin serum concentrations were 2.66 (1.93–4.14) μmol/L and 40.83 (34.73–47.48) ng/mL. Serum TMAO levels were positively correlated with depressive symptoms (P=0.011, ρ=0.160). The strongest correlations were observed in 87 females (P=0.010, ρ=0.274) and 49 males (P=0.027, ρ=0.315) without CMA, whereas 115 patients with CMA showed no significant correlations. Zonulin tended to be negatively correlated with the BDI-II score in 49 males without CMA (P=0.062, ρ=−0.269). Conclusion. This study demonstrates a positive correlationship between the serum TMAO concentrations and the severity of depressive symptoms in females and males without CMA. Serum zonulin levels were negatively correlated with signs of depression in males without CMA. These findings suggest a gender-specific relationship between the serum TMAO and zonulin concentrations, depression, and CMA.

scholarly journals THE AGGLUTINATION REACTIONS OF THE MORGAN BACILLUS NO. 1

1919 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Kligler
Keyword(s):  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Sources

The study of the cultural and agglutinating reactions of seventeen strains of Morgan bacilli is reported. The cultures were obtained from different sources. Culturally all the strains were identical. Antigenically they were highly diversified. The sera produced against some strains have marked agglutinating power for other strains, but absorption tests showed that the cross-agglutinations were often due to group agglutinins. While no conclusion can be drawn regarding the pathogenic significance of this bacillus, the wide diversities of antigenic properties raise the question as to the specific relationship of the various cultures met with as well as their relation to a definite class of pathological processes in man.

Perceptual and Interpersonal Measures of Field Dependence

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe B. Alexander ◽  
Howard E. Gudeman
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Measures Of Dependence ◽  
Dependence Measures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

This study was concerned with the relationship between perceptual and interpersonal measures of dependence for a sample of 60 male Ss. Four groups of alcoholics, one group of hospitalized psychiatric patients, and a group of normals were compared on the Rod and Frame Test and three laboratory interpersonal tasks to evaluate the hypothesis that perceptual and interpersonal dependence measures are significantly related. The results only partially confirmed the hypothesis. The over-all correlation was significant, as was the over-all correlation for four groups of alcoholics. Only two of the six subgroup correlations, however, were significant. These results suggest the need for further study, using larger sample sizes, to determine the specific relationship of the two variables.

scholarly journals Can racial identity be promotive of academic efficacy?

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphna Oyserman ◽  
Kathy Harrison ◽  
Deborah Bybee
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Black Community ◽  
Eighth Graders ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Academic Efficacy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

We hypothesised a gender specific relationship between efficacy and three components of racial identity, feeling that achievement is part of being black, feeling connected to the black community, and sensitivity to, awareness of outgroup barriers and racism. Because male gender socialisation downplays relationality, the “connectedness” component of racial identity was posited to be particularly helpful for boys. Because female gender socialisation downplays independent achievement and agency, the “achievement” component of racial identity was posited to be particularly helpful for girls in buffering the negative effects of the “awareness of racism” component. Controlling for fall grades and academic efficacy, fall racial identity significantly predicted spring academic efficacy differentially for boys and girls (n = 91 African-American eighth graders), with the lack of the achievement component of racial identity being particularly detrimental to girls.

scholarly journals Wits Appraisal of a Qatari Male Population: A Comparative Study. Part II

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder A. Hashim ◽  
Najat Al-Sayed ◽  
Ayah AL-Qaisi
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Gender Specific

Introduction: Cephalometric analysis aims to determine skeletal and dental relationships. The ANB angle, initially suggested by Rediel and applied by Steiner. is the most used angle in establishing the anteroposterior relationship of the mandible to the maxilla. However, limitations to the accuracy of the ANB angle for this purpose have been reported. To avoid these potential sources of inaccuracy a diagnostic tool was introduced by Jenkins and later modified by Jacobson and became known as the “Wits appraisal”. Aims: The aim of this study was to establish the Wits appraisal value in a sample of Qatari males, a group which had not previously been studied in this context, and to compare the findings with those from racially and ethnically differing groups as reported in the literature. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 28 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Qatari males with an age range of 15 to 32 years, presenting with a well-balanced facial appearance and an acceptable profile. Results: The mean value of the Wits appraisal for Qatari males in the present study was 0.50 ± 2.96. This differed at a statistically significant level from the mean value in the Jacobson study with no gender significant difference noted. On the other hand, significant differences were found when compared with previous reports on different races. Conclusion: The Wits appraisal value for the Qatari male population studied was 0.5±2.96, a result which is significantly higher than that reported in Jacobson’s study. This study revealed that the Wits appraisal is not ethnicity or gender-specific, and therefore cannot be used to differentiate between different ethnic groups. However, it can find application as an alternative to the ANB angle in the treatment of borderline cases. The application of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) will enhance the diagnosis and treatment of cases by yielding three-dimensional views.

Feline Insular Amyloid: Association with Diabetes Mellitus

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Yano ◽  
D. W. Hayden ◽  
K. H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Diabetic State ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Amyloid Deposits ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Amyloid P

Of 31 domestic cats with diabetes mellitus, 20 (65%) had amyloid deposits in their pancreatic islets (i.e., insular amyloid). The incidence of insular amyloidosis (p = 0.34) was not significantly different between diabetic and age-matched, non-diabetic cats from our previous study. Diabetic cats, however, had a significantly higher mean percentage of islets with amyloid (p = <.005) and a significantly higher mean percentage of islets with abundant amyloid deposits (p = <005) than did non-diabetic cats. These results suggest that insular amyloidosis and diabetes are causally related and are not simply concurrent diseases associated with aging. Although the specific relationship of insular amyloidosis to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus was not determined, a functional islet cell abnormality probably precedes the diabetic state and the deposition of insular amyloid.

Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. PANTELIS ◽  
C. A. HARVEY ◽  
G. PLANT ◽  
E. FOSSEY ◽  
P. MARUFF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Behavioural Syndrome ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Attentional Set ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Attentional Set Shifting ◽  
Thought Disturbance ◽  
Relationship Of

Background. Behavioural syndromes (thought disturbance, social withdrawal, depressed behaviour and antisocial behaviour) offer a different perspective from that of symptomatic syndromes on the disability that may be associated with schizophrenia. Few studies have assessed their relationship with neuropsychological deficits. We hypothesized that these syndromes may represent behavioural manifestations of frontal-subcortical impairments, previously described in schizophrenia.Method. Long-stay inpatients (n=54) and community patients (n=43) with enduring schizophrenia were assessed, using measures of symptoms and behaviour and tests of executive functioning. The relationship between syndromes and neuropsychological function was assessed using multiple regression and logistic regression analyses.Results. Significant associations were found between performance on the spatial working memory task and the psychomotor poverty symptomatic syndrome, and between attentional set-shifting ability and both disorganization symptoms and the thought disturbance behavioural syndrome. These results were not explained by the effect of premorbid IQ, geographical location, length of illness or antipsychotic medication. Length of illness was an independent predictor of attentional set-shifting ability but not of working memory performance.Conclusion. The specific relationship between negative symptoms and spatial working memory is consistent with involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The associations between difficulty with set-shifting ability and both disorganization symptoms and behaviours may reflect inability to generalize a rule that had been learned and impaired ability to respond flexibly. The specific relationship of illness duration to set-shifting ability may suggest progressive impairment on some executive tasks. The nature of these relationships and their neurobiological and rehabilitation implications are considered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document