Incident ischaemic heart disease in persons with Alzheimer's disease in a Finnish nationwide exposure-matched cohort

Abstract pLG72, named as D-amino acid oxidase activator (although it is not an activator of D-amino acid oxidase demonstrated by later studies), in mitochondria has been regarded as an important modulator of D-amino acid oxidase that can regulate the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Both oxidative stress in mitochondria and NMDAR neurotransmission play essential roles in the process of neurodegenerative dementia. The aim of the study was to investigate whether pLG72 levels changed with the severity of neurodegenerative dementia. We enrolled 376 individuals as the overall cohort, consisting of five groups: healthy elderly, amnestic mild cognitive impairment [MCI], mild Alzheimer’s disease [AD], moderate AD, and severe AD. pLG72 levels in plasma were measured using Western blotting. The severity of cognitive deficit was principally evaluated by Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. A gender- and age- matched cohort was selected to elucidate the effects of gender and age. pLG72 levels increased in the MCI and mild AD groups when compared to the healthy group. However, pLG72 levels in the moderate and severe AD groups were lower than those in the mild AD group. D-serine level and D- to total serine ratio were significantly different among the five groups. L-serine levels were correlated with the pLG72 levels. The results in the gender- and age- matched cohort were similar to those of the overall cohort. The finding supports the hypothesis of NMDAR hypofunction in early-phase dementia and NMDAR hyperfunction in late-phase dementia. Further studies are warranted to test whether pLG72 could reflect the function of NMDAR.

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Habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, depression and Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep36500 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Man Ki Kwok ◽

Gabriel M. Leung ◽

C. Mary Schooling

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Ischemic Heart

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Comparison of predictors of hip fracture and mortality after hip fracture in community-dwellers with and without Alzheimer’s disease – exposure-matched cohort study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-016-0383-2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Anna-Maija Tolppanen ◽

Heidi Taipale ◽

Antti Tanskanen ◽

Jari Tiihonen ◽

Sirpa Hartikainen

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hip Fracture ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Disease Exposure ◽

Community Dwellers

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Urinary Incontinence in Alzheimer’s Disease

American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® ◽

10.1177/1533317516680900 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 51-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hsiang-Ying Lee ◽

Ching-Chia Li ◽

Yung-Shun Juan ◽

Yu-Han Chang ◽

Hsin-Chih Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Annual Incidence ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Sample Population ◽

Research Database ◽

Matched Cohort

Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) is more prevalent in the elderly populations with dementia than without dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Urinary incontinence may complicate AD morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and annual incidence and determine the risk possibility of UI, which is the main type of incontinence in patients with AD in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 933 patients with AD were included in the study cohort, and a total of 2799 patients without AD by 1:3 proportion compared to the study cohort were used as a matched cohort. All participants were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in 2000 sample population. We utilize Cox proportional hazard regression to evaluate the risk of UI and cumulative incidence ratio curve to analyze the cumulative incidence function. Prevalence and annual incidence rate are calculated in individual medication including rivastigmine, donepezil, galantamine, and memantine only being initiated in patients with AD. Results: The risk of UI is higher in AD cohort (hazard ratio: 1.54, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-2.09). The cumulative incidence ratio of UI event between AD cohort and matched cohort presents statistical significance ( P < .001). Annual incidence and prevalence of UI in patients with AD are 6.2% and 4.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The present results suggest that the risk of UI is higher in patients with AD than in the general population.

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Nutrition in multimorbidity

InnovAiT Education and inspiration for general practice ◽

10.1177/1755738019888777 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 175573801988877

Author(s):

Dr Sue Kenneally

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Nutrient Deficiencies ◽

Vital Component ◽

Poor Nutrition

Poor nutrition can be both a cause, and a consequence, of multimorbidity. Assessing nutrition status is therefore a vital component in the management of people with multimorbidity. Suboptimal diet is a direct contributor to risk of ischaemic heart disease, cerebral ischaemic events, many cancers, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease and other chronic diseases. Eating a diet based on processed foods throughout life increases the risk of these diseases and multiple nutrient deficiencies, including, for example, iron, vitamin B12, folate and calcium.

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