A generic FPGA-based PWM generator with automatic device fault recovery for fuel cell, interleaved, multi-phase and multi-switch DC/DC boost converters

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (19) ◽  
pp. 13876-13888 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sobrino-Manzanares ◽  
A. Garrigós
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Automatic Device ◽  
Fault Recovery ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
Multi Phase

scholarly journals Design and control of multiphase interleaved boost converters-based on differential flatness theory for PEM fuel cell multi-stack applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 106346
Author(s):  
Phatiphat Thounthong ◽  
Pongsiri Mungporn ◽  
Damien Guilbert ◽  
Noureddine Takorabet ◽  
Serge Pierfederici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Differential Flatness ◽  
Differential Flatness Theory ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
And Control

Three-dimensional multi-phase simulation of PEM fuel cell considering the full morphology of metal foam flow field

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 2978-2989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guobin Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Bao ◽  
Biao Xie ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Kui Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Metal Foam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Foam Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

scholarly journals LQR control of interleaved double dual boost converter for electrical vehicles and renewable energy conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
J. S. V. Siva Kumar ◽  
P. Mallikarjunarao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
Lqr Control ◽  
Electrical Vehicles

<p>The automobile industry is one of the major industries that are having its new innovations at a great pace according to the requirements of the day-to-day life. Due to the usage of conventional vehicles on a large scale which usually use petroleum products as fuel, is leading to a vast environmental effect, mainly due to the emission of greenhouse gases. So in order to reduce the ill effects of the greenhouse gas emissions great efforts are being put in   manufacturing of electrical vehicles. Among the currently available greenhouse technologies the fuel cell provides high energy density in spite of its expenses. So, in this aspect a required mechanism has to be adopted to make it energy efficient and affordable. In order to overcome the drawback of fuel cell i.e. low output voltage, the boost converters are to be used and to be more precise Non-isolated Interleaved Double Dual Boost (IDDB) converters are recommended which makes it efficient and also the reduction of overall vehicle weight can be achieved. The LQR control technique is applied in this work to make the transient response of the fuel cell powered IDDB converter for various load conditions effective. The verification of results is done with simulation techniques using MATLAB/Simulink.</p>

A Numerical Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer in Air-Cooled Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Berning
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract A numerical analysis of an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has been conducted. The model utilizes the Eulerian multi-phase approach to predict the occurrence and transport of liquid water inside the cell. It is assumed that all the waste heat must be carried out of the fuel cell with the excess air which leads to a strong temperature increase of the air stream. The results suggest that the performance of these fuel cells is limited by membrane overheating which is ultimately caused by the limited heat transfer to the laminar air stream. A proposed remedy is the placement of a turbulence grid before such a fuel cell stack to enhance the heat transfer and increase the fuel cell performance.

Multi-Phase Flow and Condensation in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Stockie
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The porous electrodes in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell are characterized by multi-phase flow, involving liquid water and multispecies gases, that are undergoing both condensation and catalyzed reactions. Careful management of liquid water and heat in the fuel cell system is essential for optimizing performance. The primary focus of this study is thus on condensation and water transport, neither of which have yet been studied in as much detail as other aspects of fuel cell dynamics. We develop a two-dimensional model for multi-phase flow in a porous medium that captures the fundamental transport processes going on in the electrodes. The governing equations are discretized using a finite volume approach, and numerical simulations are performed in order to determine the effect of changing operating conditions on fuel cell performance.

scholarly journals Study on Boost Converters with High Power-Density for Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell Hybrid Railway System

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Han-Shin Youn ◽  
Duk-Hyeon Yun ◽  
Woo-Seok Lee ◽  
Il-Oun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Current Response ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Boost Converters ◽  
Railway System

Step-up DC/DC converters are needed generally for the hydrogen-fuel-cell (HFC) hybrid railway system since the HFC has difficulty directly generating a high link voltage of over 1500 V for the high-power capacity inverter to drive the traction motor in the vehicle. These step-up DC/DC converters demand a high conversion efficiency with low weight and volume, due to the limited space in vehicle. In this paper, step-up DC/DC converters are presented and are evaluated for the HFC hybrid railway system. By choosing the interleaved boost converter and the 3-level boost converter as promising candidates, characteristics and features of both converters are presented through the analysis of the operational principles. In addition, the optimal design methods and results of boost inductor, output capacitor, and power semiconductor devices are presented based on theoretical analysis and a real design specification for the HFC hybrid railway system. Moreover, an optimal digital control design in terms of dynamic current response and reliability, such as current-balance or voltage-balance controls, is presented in this paper. In order to verify the analysis and design results, prototypes of both converters with the 600 V input and 1200 V/20 kW output specifications are constructed and the performance of the interleaved and 3-level boost converters are demonstrated through the experimental results. The experimental results show that the 3-level boost converter is more suitable for the HFC hybrid railway system in the sense of efficiency, power-density, and dynamic current response.

Real-Time Species Distribution Profiling in PEFCs

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Dong ◽  
J. Kull ◽  
M. M. Mench
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Multi Phase

Knowledge of the species, current, and high frequency resistance distributions within a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is critical to enable prediction of the local performance and accurately quantify various species transport parameters. In micro and portable fuel cell systems, precise knowledge of steady state and dynamic water transport is especially important. This paper examines the distributed prifile of water vapor and other gas phase species in a PEFC, using a novel real-time technique for in situ species distribution measurement within the reactant flow channels of an operating PEFC. This is accomplished with an Agilent Real-Time Gas Analyzer (RTGA) that enables continuous profiling of changing species mole fractions at many locations along the anode and cathode flow paths, and enables detailed understanding of the time scales of the various multi-phase dynamic transport phenomena. Additionally, the periodic presence of liquid water droplets in the cathode can be observed at high current density with this technique.

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