scholarly journals PHENOTYPIC DETECTION OF CARBAPENEM RESISTANCE IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, RIMS, RANCHI

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S30
Author(s):  
Kumari Punam ◽  
Kumar Manoj ◽  
Sharma Ashok Kumar ◽  
Kumari Seema
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital

scholarly journals Emerging resistance to carbapenem among Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Pooja Nair ◽  
Renu Mathews ◽  
Kalyani M
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Technique

The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance is a cardinal concern in the health care system. The spread of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenters to the currently available drugs make the treatment of serious nosocomial infections troublesome.  The purpose of the study is to find out the carbapenem resistance among Gram-negative bacilli in a tertiary care hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of 1913 aerobic Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical samples was made for a period of 6 months. All the isolates were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique according to CLSI guidelines. Carbapenemase production was confirmed by the Modified Hodge Test (MHT). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by Epsilometer (E) test was performed (for Imipenem and Meropenem) for carbapenem-resistant strains. A total of 1731 clinical samples, 1913 Gram-negative bacilli were isolated. 1476 (77.1%) were Enterobacteriaceae and 433 (22.6%) were non-fermenters. 54 were carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli. Meropenem E test was done for carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Meropenem ranged from 0.002μg/ml to 32μg/ml. To overcome the problem of emerging resistance, combined interaction and cooperation of microbiologists, clinicians and the infection control team is needed.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Mousumi Karmaker ◽  
Md. Abul Khair ◽  
Una Jessica Sarker ◽  
Rabeya Nahar Ferdous ◽  
Sa’dia Tasnim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most widespread gram-negative microorganisms identified in the clinical samples and most common causes of hospital acquired infection. P. aeruginosa is affecting both indoor and outdoor patients throughout the world. Due to frequent mutation in          P. aeruginosa highly resistant strain developed rapidly. The aim of the study to determine the prevalence of P. aeruginosa species in different samples isolated from a Tertiary care Hospital as well as determination their diverse antibiotic resistance pattern. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine in-vitro resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates to common antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Various clinical samples were collected from Bangladesh Health Sciences Hospital (BIHS) General Hospital, Dhaka. This research was carried out in the Department of Microbiology of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS). Isolation, identification and antibiogram were performed for P. aeruginosa following standard microbiological laboratory procedure. A total of 218 P. aeruginosa were isolated from 3062 different clinical specimens which are statistically significant (p<0.0001). Among the highest number of P. aeruginosa were isolated from outdoor patients 140 compare to Indoor patients which are significantly higher (p <0.013). In this study Male (68.3%) are more vulnerable to P. aeruginosa infection compare to females (31.7%) which is also statistically significant. Young people (less than 35 years) were more susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection which is also statistically significant (p< 0.01). The highest number of P. aeruginosa was isolated from wound (43.12%), followed by pus (40.33%), sputum (8.71%) urine (7.80%). The maximum number of P. aeruginosa in various samples was resistant to aztreonam and co-tromoxazole followed by cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems. The most sensitive antibiotic was colistin of followed by gentamycin and tetracycline. To control the spread of resistant bacteria, it is disparagingly vital to have stringent antibiotic guidelines. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa requires to be continuously monitored in specialized clinical units and the results readily made available to the clinicians to minimize the resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multidrug-resistant and Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates in Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296
Author(s):  
Rojina Darnal ◽  
Mehraj Ansari ◽  
Ganesh Rai ◽  
Kul Raj Rai ◽  
Shiba Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Carbapenemases are the enzymes that catalyze β–lactam groups of antibiotics. The carbapenemase producers are resistant to β–lactam antibiotics and are usually multidrug-resistant bacteria challenging widely used therapeutics and treatment options. Therefore, the detection of carbapenemase activity among clinical isolates is of great therapeutic importance. We aimed to study the MDR and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. A total of 3,579 clinical samples were collected from the patients visiting the Department of Microbiology, B&B Hospital, Gwarko, Lalitpur. The samples were processed to isolate K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa and then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of carbapenemase activity was performed in the imipenem-resistant isolates by the modified Hodge test (MHT). Of the total samples, 1,067 (29.8%) samples showed significant growth positivity, out of which 190 (17.3%) isolates were K. pneumoniae and 121 (11.3%) were P. aeruginosa. Multidrug resistance was seen in 70.5% of the K. pneumoniae isolates and 65.3% of the P. aeruginosa isolates. Carbapenemase production was confirmed in 11.9%, and 12.2% of the imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively, by the MHT. This study determined the higher prevalence of MDR among K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa; however, carbapenemase production was relatively low.

scholarly journals Frequency of MexA gene in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2389-2393
Author(s):  
Syed Luqman Shuaib ◽  
Amina Gul ◽  
Jawad Ahmed ◽  
Noor Rehman ◽  
Liaqt Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Isolation And Identification

The drug resistance genes are responsible to preserve the Pseudomonas. This also happens in the case of Mex drug efflux pumps and expression increase of MexA, MexB and OprM genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, when grown in sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. Objectives: This study was designed to detect the MexA gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant strains in tertiary care hospital, Peshawar. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Period: 14 months duration from April 2015 to May 2016. Material & Methods: The specimens including burn wound swabs, pus and urine were obtained from different patients and were processed on blood agar and MacConkey medium for isolation and identification. Conventional PCR was performed for the MexA gene on 50 specimens. Results: The simple conventional PCR was done for MexA (The Mex AB OprM operon resistance genes) and the O-antigen acetylase gene (the species-specific gene) separately, gave positive bands for 49 out of the 50 specimens. Our finding confirms the presence of the MexA gene (and hence most probably MexABOprM operon) in 49 out of 50 specimens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Among other resistance mechanisms to antibiotics and disinfectants, the MexABOprM efflux pump might have a role.

scholarly journals Metallo - β - Lactamase Producers among Carbapenem Resistant Gram-Negative Isolates from Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
M. Shabnum P. Sreenivasulu Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

Gram – Negative Bacilli (GNB) are important cause of UTI, Blood stream infections, hospital acquired pneumonias. With the Carbapenems becoming the drug of choice in treating Multidrug resistant Organisms (MDRO) due to their safety and efficacy, there is rise in Carbapenem Resistant organisms which is becoming a threat to health care setup. Early diagnosis of Metallo – β – lactamase (MBL) producers by routine laboratory methods makes it the need of the hour to prevent spread of resistant strains. To detect MBL producers among Carbapenem resistant GNB. GNB were isolated from 2576 various clinical samples received by Department of Microbiology between December 2020 to March 2021. MBL production among Carbapenem resistant GNB was tested by Combined Disc Diffusion Assay using Imipenem disc and Imipenem + EDTA disc. Results: 899 GNB were isolated among 2576 samples with E. coli (35.05%) followed by Klebsiella species (28.58%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.90%). 180 isolates (20.02%) were Carbapenem Resistant GNB of which 55 isolates (30.55%) were MBL producers with Klebsiella species (29.01%) being highest MBL producer followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27.27%). Rapid dissemination of MBL producers is worrisome making routine detection of MBL strains important. Regular surveillance, strict adherence to infection control measures and implementation of proper antibiotic policy is crucial to minimize the increasing Carbapenem resistance.

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