scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Mousumi Karmaker ◽  
Md. Abul Khair ◽  
Una Jessica Sarker ◽  
Rabeya Nahar Ferdous ◽  
Sa’dia Tasnim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most widespread gram-negative microorganisms identified in the clinical samples and most common causes of hospital acquired infection. P. aeruginosa is affecting both indoor and outdoor patients throughout the world. Due to frequent mutation in          P. aeruginosa highly resistant strain developed rapidly. The aim of the study to determine the prevalence of P. aeruginosa species in different samples isolated from a Tertiary care Hospital as well as determination their diverse antibiotic resistance pattern. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine in-vitro resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates to common antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Various clinical samples were collected from Bangladesh Health Sciences Hospital (BIHS) General Hospital, Dhaka. This research was carried out in the Department of Microbiology of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS). Isolation, identification and antibiogram were performed for P. aeruginosa following standard microbiological laboratory procedure. A total of 218 P. aeruginosa were isolated from 3062 different clinical specimens which are statistically significant (p<0.0001). Among the highest number of P. aeruginosa were isolated from outdoor patients 140 compare to Indoor patients which are significantly higher (p <0.013). In this study Male (68.3%) are more vulnerable to P. aeruginosa infection compare to females (31.7%) which is also statistically significant. Young people (less than 35 years) were more susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection which is also statistically significant (p< 0.01). The highest number of P. aeruginosa was isolated from wound (43.12%), followed by pus (40.33%), sputum (8.71%) urine (7.80%). The maximum number of P. aeruginosa in various samples was resistant to aztreonam and co-tromoxazole followed by cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems. The most sensitive antibiotic was colistin of followed by gentamycin and tetracycline. To control the spread of resistant bacteria, it is disparagingly vital to have stringent antibiotic guidelines. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa requires to be continuously monitored in specialized clinical units and the results readily made available to the clinicians to minimize the resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multidrug-resistant and Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates in Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296
Author(s):  
Rojina Darnal ◽  
Mehraj Ansari ◽  
Ganesh Rai ◽  
Kul Raj Rai ◽  
Shiba Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Carbapenemases are the enzymes that catalyze β–lactam groups of antibiotics. The carbapenemase producers are resistant to β–lactam antibiotics and are usually multidrug-resistant bacteria challenging widely used therapeutics and treatment options. Therefore, the detection of carbapenemase activity among clinical isolates is of great therapeutic importance. We aimed to study the MDR and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. A total of 3,579 clinical samples were collected from the patients visiting the Department of Microbiology, B&B Hospital, Gwarko, Lalitpur. The samples were processed to isolate K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa and then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of carbapenemase activity was performed in the imipenem-resistant isolates by the modified Hodge test (MHT). Of the total samples, 1,067 (29.8%) samples showed significant growth positivity, out of which 190 (17.3%) isolates were K. pneumoniae and 121 (11.3%) were P. aeruginosa. Multidrug resistance was seen in 70.5% of the K. pneumoniae isolates and 65.3% of the P. aeruginosa isolates. Carbapenemase production was confirmed in 11.9%, and 12.2% of the imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively, by the MHT. This study determined the higher prevalence of MDR among K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa; however, carbapenemase production was relatively low.

scholarly journals Prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susil Pyakurel ◽  
Mehraj Ansari ◽  
Smriti Kattel ◽  
Ganesh Rai ◽  
Prasha Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Abstract Aim Although carbapenem is the last-resort drug for treating drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, prevalence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria has substantially increased worldwide owing to irrational use of antibiotics particularly in developing countries like Nepal.  Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and to detect the carbapenemase genes (blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48) in at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Materials and methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2018 to January 2019 at the Microbiology Laboratory of Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. Different clinical samples were collected and cultured in appropriate growth media. Biochemical tests were performed for the identification of K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The modified Hodge test (MHT) was performed to detect carbapenemase producers. The plasmid was extracted by the modified alkaline hydrolysis method. Carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae were further confirmed by detecting blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48 genes by PCR using specific forward and reverse primers followed by gel electrophoresis. Results Out of the total 720 samples, 38.9% (280/720) were culture positive. K. pneumoniae was the most predominant isolate 31.4% (88/280). Of 88 K. pneumoniae isolates, 56.8% (50/88) were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and 51.1% (45/88) were MHT positive. Colistin showed the highest sensitivity (100%; 88/88), followed by tigecycline (86.4%; 76/88). blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in 24.4% (11/45) and 15.5% (7/45) of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. Conclusion The rate of MDR and carbapenemase production was high in the K. pneumoniae isolates. Colistin and tigecycline could be the drug of choice for the empirical treatments of MDR and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. Our study provides a better understanding of antibiotic resistance threat and enables physicians to select the most appropriate antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Shamweel Ahmad ◽  
Muslih A Alotaibi ◽  
Mohmmed S Alamri
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Among gram-negative microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacteria identified in different clinical specimens of hospitalized patients. A few studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia regarding antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current levels of antibiotic susceptibility and to assess the resistance pattern of antibiotics among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the King Khalid Hospital, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study was carried out during January, 2015 to May, 2015. A total of 180 different specimens such as sputum, urine, pus swabs, wound swabs etc. were collected from different patients admitted to the hospital. Thirty (30) clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated from different specimens of the patients suspected of having respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, wound infections, etc. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of all the isolates were determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Piperacillin-tazobactam was found to be the most active antimicrobial agent with 96.7% susceptibility followed by cefepime (83.3%), ceftazidime (83.3%), and ciprofloxacin (76.7%). All isolates were resistant to ertapenem, cefuroxime, cefoxitin and nitrofurantoin. Anti-bacterial treatment strategies should focus on P. aeruginosa, for which the prevalence rates are increasing every year. The usage of piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin must be reserved and only be given to the patients after susceptibility test to reduce the resistance of P. aeruginosa against these agents. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 19(1): 77-82, 2020 (June

scholarly journals Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, Klaten, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (S11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hera Nirwati ◽  
Kian Sinanjung ◽  
Fahrina Fahrunissa ◽  
Fernando Wijaya ◽  
Sarastia Napitupulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common cause of health-care associated infections (HAIs) and has high levels of antibiotic resistance. These bacteria are well-known for their ability to produce biofilm. The purpose of this study was to identify the antibiotic resistance pattern and biofilm-producing capacity of K. pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital in Klaten, Indonesia. Methods K. pneumoniae was isolated from inpatients in Soeradji Tirtonegoro Hospital Klaten from June 2017 to May 2018. Identification of K. pneumoniae isolate was done by analyzing colony morphology, microscopic examination, and by performing biochemical testing. Testing of antibiotics susceptibility and biofilm-producing capacity used the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and adherence quantitative assays, respectively. Results A total of 167 (17.36%) K. pneumoniae isolates were isolated from 962 total clinical bacterial isolates during the study. Most of them were collected from patients aged more than 60 years old and were mainly obtained from respiratory specimens (51.50%). Most of K. pneumoniae isolates were extensively resistant to antibiotics. A more favorable profile was found only towards meropenem, amikacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam, showing 1.20%; 4.79% and 10.53% of resistance, respectively. The overall proportion of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates was 54.49%. In addition, 148 (85.63%) isolates were biofilm producers, with 45 (26.95%) isolates as strong, 48 (28.74%) isolates as moderate, and 50 (29.94%) isolates as weak biofilm producers. Conclusion Most of the K. pneumoniae isolates demonstrated resistance to a wide range of antibiotics and are biofilm producers.

scholarly journals TO STUDY ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF NONFERMENTATIVE GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, JAIPUR.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirti Hemwani ◽  
P. S. Nirwan ◽  
Preeti Shrivastava ◽  
Abhiraj Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Nonfermentative gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) frequently considered as commensals or contaminants but the pathogenic potential of nonfermenters has been proved beyond doubt. They are resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. Aim: This study was undertaken to identify the nonfermenters isolated from various clinical samples and to know their Antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 150 strains of Nonfermenters isolated from 1200 various non repetitive clinical samples received in Department of Microbiology, NIMS Jaipur. Nonfermenters were identified using a standard protocol and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed with the help of the modified Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 150 nonfermenters isolated, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate 134 (89.33%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii 16 (10.67%). Among all clinical samples Pus and Wound Discharge yield maximum isolates of NFGNB i.e. 54 (36%) % followed by sputum (39.0%). Most sensitive drug against NFGNB was Polymyxin-B (100%) followed by Imipenem (86 %) and Amikacin (71.33 %). Conclusion: Nonfermenters have a great potential to survive in a hospital environment so implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs and strict infection control practices will be required to prevent or slow down their emergence and spread. Keywords:  Nonfermenters,  Polymyxin-B, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to Ceftaroline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Sreedharan ◽  
KB Asha Pai
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection is a major global healthcare problem, the prevalence of which varies from 25-50% in India. It is known to cause Skin and Soft tissue Infections (SSI), endovascular infections, endocarditis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. Vancomycin is the drug of choice for treating severe MRSA infections. Ceftaroline, a fifth-generation cephalosporin has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for treating acute bacterial SSI caused by susceptible micro-organisms including MRSA, Community acquired respiratory tract infection, MRSA bacteremia and endocarditis. Aim: To assess the susceptibility of clinical isolates of S. aureusto ceftaroline, in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a Tertiary Care Hospital over a period of two months from June 2019 to July 2019. S.aureus isolates from various clinical samples were screened for methicillin resistance by disc diffusion method using cefoxitin disc and ceftaroline susceptibility of these isolates was assessed by E-strip method. The isolates were classified as ceftaroline susceptible, Susceptibility Dose Dependent (SDD) and ceftaroline resistant respectively as per CLSI guidelines. A descriptive analysis of the data was done and the results were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: All the S.aureus isolates were found to be susceptible to ceftaroline. Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) isolates had lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) when compared to MRSA. The highest MIC among MRSA was 0.5 μg/mL. Conclusion: Ceftaroline can be considered as an effective alternative for treatment of infections caused by MRSA.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital Coimbatore

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4886
Author(s):  
Vijayashree V. ◽  
Saikeerthana D. ◽  
Prabha P.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The genus Klebsiella of Enterobacteriaceae family is ubiquitous in nature. They cause many nosocomial infections like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, wound infections, bacteremia and septicemia. Multidrug resistance is seen in Klebsiella which serves as the most common cause of increased morbidity and mortality. This study reveals the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. The primary objectives are as follows: To isolate and characterize Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. To study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella isolates.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital during the period from August 2019 to October 2019. A total of 3521 samples were tested during this period. The samples include blood, sputum, urine, and pus.Results: Out of the total samples tested,1106 samples were showing the growth of the organisms. Among this,351 were identified as Klebsiella species and the highest rate of isolation of Klebsiella species is from the sputum sample and also the same was reported high in medical wards. The study also shows that the isolation of Klebsiella species shows male preponderance when compared to females. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and the sensitivity was noted to be higher to amikacin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Thus, this study shows the prevalence rate of Klebsiella species and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella, which may help select appropriate antibiotics and prevent overuse and misuse of antibiotics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document