Identification and evaluation of vaccine candidate antigens from the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is a hematophagous ectoparasite of birds with worldwide distribution that causes economic losses in the egg-production sector of the poultry industry. Traditional control methods, mainly based on acaricides, have been only partially successful, and new vaccine-based interventions are required for the control of PRM. Vaccination with insect Akirin (AKR) and its homolog in ticks, Subolesin (SUB), have shown protective efficacy for the control of ectoparasite infestations and pathogen infection/transmission. The aim of this study was the identification of the akr gene from D. gallinae (Deg-akr), the production of the recombinant Deg-AKR protein, and evaluation of its efficacy as a vaccine candidate for the control of PRM. The anti-Deg-AKR serum IgY antibodies in hen sera and egg yolk were higher in vaccinated than control animals throughout the experiment. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the vaccination with Deg-AKR for the control of PRM by reducing mite oviposition by 42% following feeding on vaccinated hens. A negative correlation between the levels of serum anti-Deg-AKR IgY and mite oviposition was obtained. These results support Deg-AKR as a candidate protective antigen for the control of PRM population growth.

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Characterisation of tropomyosin and paramyosin as vaccine candidate molecules for the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-016-1831-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Harry W. Wright ◽

Kathryn Bartley ◽

John F. Huntley ◽

Alasdair J. Nisbet

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite

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Case of Human Infestation with Dermanyssus gallinae (Poultry Red Mite) from Swallows (Hirundinidae)

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10030299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Georgios Sioutas ◽

Styliani Minoudi ◽

Katerina Tiligada ◽

Caterina Chliva ◽

Alexandros Triantafyllidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Cytochrome C ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Human Form ◽

Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis

Dermanyssus gallinae (the poultry red mite, PRM) is an important ectoparasite in the laying hen industry. PRM can also infest humans, causing gamasoidosis, which is manifested as skin lesions characterized by rash and itching. Recently, there has been an increase in the reported number of human infestation cases with D. gallinae, mostly associated with the proliferation of pigeons in cities where they build their nests. The human form of the disease has not been linked to swallows (Hirundinidae) before. In this report, we describe an incident of human gamasoidosis linked to a nest of swallows built on the window ledge of an apartment in the island of Kefalonia, Greece. Mites were identified as D. gallinae using morphological keys and amplifying the Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene by PCR. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and median-joining network supported the identification of three PRM haplogroups and the haplotype isolated from swallows was identical to three PRM sequences isolated from hens in Portugal. The patient was treated with topical corticosteroids, while the house was sprayed with deltamethrin. After one week, the mites disappeared and clinical symptoms subsided. The current study is the first report of human gamasoidosis from PRM found in swallows’ nest.

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Comparison of in vivo and in vitro survival and fecundity rates of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.08.002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 279-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Arkle ◽

D.R. George ◽

J.H. Guy ◽

O.A.E. Sparagano

Keyword(s):

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

In Vitro Survival

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Endosymbiotic bacteria living inside the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

Experimental and Applied Acarology ◽

10.1007/s10493-008-9230-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 48 (1-2) ◽

pp. 105-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Carlos J. De Luna ◽

Claire Valiente Moro ◽

Jonathan H. Guy ◽

Lionel Zenner ◽

Olivier A. E. Sparagano

Keyword(s):

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Endosymbiotic Bacteria

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Should the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae be of wider concern for veterinary and medical science?

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-015-0768-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

David R George ◽

Robert D Finn ◽

Kirsty M Graham ◽

Monique F Mul ◽

Veronika Maurer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite

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Transcriptomic Analysis of The Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus Gallinae, Across All Stages of The Lifecycle.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-135081/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kathryn Bartley ◽

Wan Chen ◽

Richard Lloyd Mills ◽

Francesca Nunn ◽

Daniel Price ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adult Female ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Blood Feeding ◽

Egg Laying ◽

House Dust Mites ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Temporal Gene Expression

Abstract Background: The blood feeding poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, causes substantial economic damage to the egg laying industry worldwide, and is serious welfare concern for laying hens and poultry house workers. In this study we have investigated the temporal gene expression across the 6 stages/sexes (egg, larvae, protonymph and deutonymph, adult male and adult female) of this neglected parasite in order to understand the temporal expression associated with development, parasitic lifestyle, reproduction and allergen expression. Results: RNA-seq transcript data for the 6 stages was mapped to the PRM genome creating a publicly available gene expression atlas (on the OrcAE platform in conjunction with the PRM genome). Network analysis and clustering of stage-enriched gene expression in PRM resulted in 17 superclusters with stage-specific or multi-stage expression profiles. The 6 stage specific superclusters were clearly demarked from each other and the adult female supercluster contained the most stage specific transcripts (2,725), whilst the protonymph supercluster the fewest (165). Fifteen pairwise comparisons performed between the different stages resulting in a total of 6025 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) (P>0.99). These data were evaluated alongside a Venn/Euler analysis of the top 100 most abundant genes in each stage. An expanded set of cuticle proteins and enzymes (chitinase and metallacarboxypeptidases) were identified in larvae and underpin cuticle formation and ecdysis to the protonymph stage. Two mucin/peritrophic-A salivary proteins (DEGAL6771g00070, DEGAL6824g00220) were highly expressed in the blood-feeding stages, indicating peritrophic membrane formation during feeding. Reproduction-associated vitellogenins were the most abundant transcripts in adult females, whilst in adult males, an expanded set of serine and cysteine proteinases and an epididymal protein (DEGAL6668g00010) were highly abundant. Assessment of the expression patterns of putative homologues of 32 allergen groups described for the house dust mites indicated a bias in expression towards the non-feeding larval stage.Conclusions: This study is the first evaluation of temporal gene expression across all stages of PRM and has provided insight into developmental, feeding, reproduction and survival strategies employed by this mite. The publicly available PRM resource on OrcAE offers an invaluable tool for researchers investigating the biology and novel interventions of this parasite.

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Importance and Impact of the Poultry Red Mite (Dermanyssus Gallinae) in Layer Farms - Analysis of Farmers’ Perception

Macedonian Veterinary Review ◽

10.2478/macvetrev-2021-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Miroslav Kjosevski ◽

Danijela Horvatek Tomić ◽

Aleksandar Dodovski

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Pest Management ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Bayes Classifier ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Monitoring Method ◽

Poultry Farms ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Abstract Poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, causes egg drop production, anemia and can be a vector in transmitting diseases. The PRM control mainly focuses on usage of the conventional chemical biocides. The objective of this study was to analyze the farmers’ perception regarding the impact, management and control of PRM in Macedonian layer farms. The data were collected with direct on-site visits using a unified questionnaire. In total, 29 poultry farms (28% of farms in the country), all with conventional cages, were part of this study. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and Naïve Bayes Classifier technique. In 30% of the poultry farms the farmers had observed that the flock was infested with PRM. In total, 32 different treatments against PRM were reported from the farmers, and three of them were non-biocide treatments. The most used biocides (17% of the farms) were crude oil, Formalin, Neopitroid® and disinfectants. The highest agreement regarding biocides application among the farms (38%) was before the production starts. Most of the farmers applied biocides routinely, before the infestation is evident (75%). The median costs for PRM treatment were 175€ per flock, higher in the infested farms 493±677€ compared to non - infested 100±71€, p<0.05. None of the Macedonian farmers included in the study was using monitoring method for PRM infestation, contributing to poor data records. This study highlights the need of developing unified strategy for PRM control included in the Integrated Pest Management in poultry layer farms.

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Method for early detection of poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0704119p ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (3-4) ◽

pp. 119-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Pavlicevic ◽

I. Pavlovic ◽

N. Stajkovic

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Differential Diagnostics ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Serbia And Montenegro ◽

Regular Control ◽

And Control

Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778), poultry red mite or chicken mite, is haematophagous poultry ectoparasite. In poultry flocks small populations of chicken mite usually remain undetected. In order to supplement existing diagnostics we have investigated the method for its early detection. Investigation was carried out on 13 flocks, during two-year period, throughout Serbia and Montenegro. We have established that method for early detection of chicken mite can: improve the efficiency of existing diagnostic methods, that it is simple and reduces the period when parasites are hidden since it enables detection of small number of parasites before the population becomes visible. We recommend it to poultry farmers for regular control of the flock and control of the new flock, to veterinarians in poultry production as supplement to diagnostic methods: when suspecting the presence of Dermanyssosis in order to achieve early differential diagnostics, sampling of small number of chicken mite, monitoring the movement of the population and effect of the treatment, coming to conclusion regarding the effect of the disease control and as element of the forensic evaluation method. .

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