scholarly journals Reduction in Oviposition of Poultry Red Mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) in Hens Vaccinated with Recombinant Akirin

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Lima-Barbero ◽  
Marinela Contreras ◽  
Kathryn Bartley ◽  
Daniel Price ◽  
Francesca Nunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Worldwide Distribution

The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is a hematophagous ectoparasite of birds with worldwide distribution that causes economic losses in the egg-production sector of the poultry industry. Traditional control methods, mainly based on acaricides, have been only partially successful, and new vaccine-based interventions are required for the control of PRM. Vaccination with insect Akirin (AKR) and its homolog in ticks, Subolesin (SUB), have shown protective efficacy for the control of ectoparasite infestations and pathogen infection/transmission. The aim of this study was the identification of the akr gene from D. gallinae (Deg-akr), the production of the recombinant Deg-AKR protein, and evaluation of its efficacy as a vaccine candidate for the control of PRM. The anti-Deg-AKR serum IgY antibodies in hen sera and egg yolk were higher in vaccinated than control animals throughout the experiment. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the vaccination with Deg-AKR for the control of PRM by reducing mite oviposition by 42% following feeding on vaccinated hens. A negative correlation between the levels of serum anti-Deg-AKR IgY and mite oviposition was obtained. These results support Deg-AKR as a candidate protective antigen for the control of PRM population growth.

scholarly journals Identification and evaluation of vaccine candidate antigens from the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 819-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bartley ◽  
Harry W. Wright ◽  
John F. Huntley ◽  
Erin D.T. Manson ◽  
Neil F. Inglis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite

Modulation of feed composition is able to make hens less attractive to the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine El Adouzi ◽  
Alfonsina Arriaga-Jiménez ◽  
Laurent Dormont ◽  
Nicolas Barthes ◽  
Agathe Labalette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Before And After

AbstractThe poultry red mite (PRM) is an obligatory haematophagous pest that causes substantial economic losses in poultry worldwide. The PRM does not live on the host but in the bird's environment and must find its host remotely. Hence, manipulating chicken odours is of interest. Several crude plant-originating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have already been shown as repellent to Dermanyssus gallinae. We aimed to test whether these VOCs can interfere with PRM host-seeking behaviour by their oral administration to the poultry. The objectives were to determine (1) if hen odours are modified by supplemented feed ingestion and (2) if such treatment makes hens less attractive to the PRM. Chemical characterization by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of the hen odour was conducted before and after the hens ingested the supplemented feed. The chromatograms obtained show that hen odour was substantially modified after the hens consumed it. Among the molecules recurrently detected from the supplemented hens, 26% were nearly absent in the unsupplemented hens. Behavioural choice tests to compare the effect of the modified and unmodified-host odours on the PRM show that some of the plant-originating emitted VOCs and the modified whole-hen odours were repellent to the PRM.

The influence of thyme and pennyroyal essential oils, found to be effective as acaricides against the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), on occurrence of taint in hens’ eggs

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
T Smith ◽  
D George ◽  
O Sparagano ◽  
R Shiel ◽  
C Seal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Preceding Work ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

Conventional pest management (the use of synthetic pesticides) is being increasingly hampered by issues of pest resistance, tighter legislation and greater consumer demand for food stuffs produced in an environmentally friendly manner. A growing body of research suggests that essential oils may be of use as an alternative to synthetic products in managing the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), a serious pest of egg production systems for laying hens (Kim et al., 2004). It is necessary to ensure that any essential oil recommended as an acaricide against this pest does not taint the eggs produced from hens in poultry units in which the oil would be deployed. The aim of the current study was to test the hypotheses that thyme and pennyroyal essential oils, having been found to be effective as acaricides for D. gallinae in preceding work, would have no effect on the occurrence of taint in hens’ eggs.

scholarly journals Whole transcriptome analysis of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
SABINE SCHICHT ◽  
WEIHONG QI ◽  
LUCY POVEDA ◽  
CHRISTINA STRUBE
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Metaseiulus Occidentalis ◽  
Nucleotide Data

SUMMARYAlthough the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is the major parasitic pest in poultry farming causing substantial economic losses every year, nucleotide data are rare in the public databases. Therefore, de novo sequencing covering the transcriptome of D. gallinae was carried out resulting in a dataset of 232 097 singletons and 42 130 contiguous sequences (contigs) which were subsequently clustered into 24 140 isogroups consisting of 35 788 isotigs. After removal of sequences possibly originating from bacteria or the chicken host, 267 464 sequences (231 657 singletons, 56 contigs and 35 751 isotigs) remained, of which 10·3% showed homology to proteins derived from other organisms. The most significant Blast top-hit species was the mite Metaseiulus occidentalis followed by the tick Ixodes scapularis. To gain functional knowledge of D. gallinae transcripts, sequences were mapped to Gene Ontology terms, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and parsed to InterProScan. The transcriptome dataset provides new insights in general mite genetics and lays a foundation for future studies on stage-specific transcriptomics as well as genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic explorations and might provide new perspectives to control this parasitic mite by identifying possible drug targets or vaccine candidates. It is also worth noting that in different tested species of the class Arachnida no 28S rRNA was detectable in the rRNA profile, indicating that 28S rRNA might consists of two separate, hydrogen-bonded fragments, whose (heat-induced) disruption may led to co-migration with 18S rRNA.

scholarly journals Poultry welfare in terms of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) impact and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Аleksandar Pavlicevic ◽  
Ivan Pavlovic ◽  
Radomir Ratajac ◽  
Danica Popovic ◽  
Branislav Davidovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Infestation Intensity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Economic Damages

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto.

scholarly journals ECTOPARASITE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS IN DOMESTIC FOWL IN THE KRASNODAR KRAI

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. K. Fomo ◽  
T. S. Katayeva
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Access System ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Ectoparasite Fauna

One of the topical veterinary problems is infestation of domesticated chickens with ectoparasites. Permanent and temporary ectoparasites are vectors and reservoirs of more than 100 poultry infectious disease agents; they cause outbreaks of contagious diseases, thus decreasing performance and increasing economic losses. The results of ectoparasite fauna study in domesticated chickens in private backyards of the Krasnodar Krai are given. The research was carried out in 2017–2018 in 600 chickens of different breeds and ages in four settlements: Gorkhutor (250 chickens), Industrialny (150), Yuzhny (100) and Svyazist (100). The results of the analysis demonstrated that chickens were infested with the following ectoparasite species: shaft louse Menopon gallinae with the highest invasion extensity of 100% and average invasion intensity of 18.6 parasites; poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (55.7%) with average invasion intensity of 12.5 parasites; two species of scaly leg mites – Knemidocoptes mutans (17.7%) with average invasion intensity of 39.4 parasites; and Knemidocoptes gallinae (17.7%) with average invasion intensity of 35 parasites. Seasonal dynamics of fowl infestation with ectoparasites showed that shaft louse Menopon gallinae was found in spring, summer and autumn on all farms. Mites Dermanyssus gallinae were found more often in spring with maximum invasion extensity of 74.4%. The prevalence of scaly leg mites Knemidocoptes mutans and Knemidocoptes gallinae was as high as 76%. The results of the tests indicate that infestation of domesticated chickens with different species of ectoparasitres can be linked with bad hygiene practice and free access system, creating favourable and stable environment for them. That is why it is necessary to use scientifcally justifed control measures, involving modern insecticides and tools.

scholarly journals The Brucella abortus S19 ΔvjbR Live Vaccine Candidate Is Safer than S19 and Confers Protection against Wild-Type Challenge in BALB/c Mice When Delivered in a Sustained-Release Vehicle

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 877-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Arenas-Gamboa ◽  
T. A. Ficht ◽  
M. M. Kahl-McDonagh ◽  
G. Gomez ◽  
A. C. Rice-Ficht
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
S19 Vaccine ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Despite the availability of live vaccine strains for bovine (S19, RB51) and small ruminants (Rev-1), these vaccines have several drawbacks, including residual virulence for animals and humans. Safe and efficacious immunization systems are therefore needed to overcome these disadvantages. A vjbR knockout was generated in the S19 vaccine and investigated for its potential use as an improved vaccine candidate. Vaccination with a sustained-release vehicle to enhance vaccination efficacy was evaluated utilizing the live S19 ΔvjbR::Kan in encapsulated alginate microspheres containing a nonimmunogenic eggshell precursor protein of the parasite Fasciola hepatica (vitelline protein B). BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with either encapsulated or nonencapsulated S19 ΔvjbR::Kan at a dose of 1 × 105 CFU per animal to evaluate immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy. Humoral responses postvaccination indicate that the vaccine candidate was able to elicit an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response even when the vaccine was administered in an encapsulated format. The safety was revealed by the absence of splenomegaly in mice that were inoculated with the mutant. Finally, a single dose with the encapsulated mutant conferred higher levels of protection compared to the nonencapsulated vaccine. These results suggest that S19 ΔvjbR::Kan is safer than S19, induces protection in mice, and should be considered as a vaccine candidate when administered in a sustained-release manner.

scholarly journals Protective Efficacy and Safety of Brucella melitensis 16MΔmucRagainst Intraperitoneal and Aerosol Challenge in BALB/c Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 3653-3658 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Arenas-Gamboa ◽  
A. C. Rice-Ficht ◽  
M. M. Kahl-McDonagh ◽  
T. A. Ficht
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACTBrucellosis is a zoonosis of nearly worldwide distribution. Vaccination against this pathogen is an important control strategy to prevent the disease. Currently licensed vaccine strains used in animals are unacceptable for human use due to undesirable side effects and modest protection. Substantial progress has been made during the past 10 years toward the development of improved vaccines for brucellosis. In part, this has been achieved by the identification and characterization of live attenuated mutants that are safer in the host but still can stimulate an adequate immune response. In the present study, the identification and characterization of themucRmutant (BMEI 1364) as a vaccine candidate for brucellosis was conducted. BALB/c mice were vaccinated intraperitoneally at a dose of 105CFU with the mutant to evaluate safety and protective efficacy against intraperitoneal and aerosol challenge. All animals vaccinated with the vaccine candidate demonstrated a statistically significant degree of protection against both intraperitoneal and aerosol challenge. Safety was revealed by the absence ofBrucellaassociated pathological changes, including splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, or granulomatous disease. These results suggest that the 16MΔmucRvaccine is safe, elicits a strong protective immunity, and should be considered as a promising vaccine candidate for human use.

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