scholarly journals Host specificity of Hepatocystis infection in short-nosed fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis) in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolyce H.W. Low ◽  
Alan T. Hitch ◽  
Maggie M. Skiles ◽  
Sophie A. Borthwick ◽  
Erica S. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

scholarly journals Aerosphere occupancy (ψ) model of lesser short nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus brachyotis Muller, 1838) related to tree species in Asia mountainous paddy fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Basukriadi ◽  
Erwin Nurdin ◽  
Andri Wibowo ◽  
Jimi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Narrow Space ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

AbstractBat is animal that occupies aerosphere, especially fruit bats that forage on the space around the trees. The fruit bats use whether narrow space below tree canopy or in edge space on the edge of canopy. Whereas the aerosphere occupancy of fruits bats related to the specific tree species is poorly understood. Here, this paper aims to assess and model the association of fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis aerosphere occupancy (Ψ) with tree species planted in mountainous paddy fields in West Java. The studied tree species including Alianthus altissima, Acacia sp., Cocos nucifera, Mangifera indica, Pinus sp., and Swietenia macrophylla. The result shows that the tree species diversity has significantly (x2= 27.67, P < 0.05) affected the C. brachyotis aerosphere occupancy. According to values of Ψ and occupancy percentage, high occupancy of narrow space by C. brachyotis was observed in Swietenia macrophylla (Ψ = 0.934, 78%), followed by Alianthus altissima (Ψ = 0.803, 57%), and Mangifera indica (Ψ = 913, 55%). While high occupancy of edge space was observed in Mangifera indica (Ψ = 0.685, 41%), followed by Pinus sp. (Ψ = 0.674, 38%), and Alianthus altissima sp. (Ψ = 0.627, 36%). The best model for explaining C. brachyotis occupation in narrow space is the tree height with preferences on high tree (Ψ~tree height, AIC = 1.574, R2= 0.5535, Adj. R = 0.4047). While for edge space occupant, the best model is also the tree height (Ψ~tree height, AIC = −26.1510, R2= 0.7944, Adj. R = 0.7258).

scholarly journals Morfometri Limpa Berkaitan dengan Produksi Radikal Bebas dan Antioksidan pada Kelelawar Pemakan Buah Codot Krawar (Cynopterus brachyotis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desrayni Hanadhita ◽  
Andhika Yudha Prawira ◽  
Anisa Rahma ◽  
Aryani Sismin Satyaningtijas ◽  
Srihadi Agungpriyono
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Immune Activity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Fruit bats have been reported as the natural reservoir of many emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases. Infected bats usually do not show any clinical symptoms and are infected persistently. This unique characters indicate that bats have high immune activity to combat viruses even in its physiological state. High immune activity will affect the size of lymphoid organ and produce high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Spleen is one of the important lymphoid organ which have a strategic function in elimination of blood borne pathogens. This study was undertaken to provide information on the normal size of spleen and to analyze malonaldehyde (MDA) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) levels of free range fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis). The ratio of body weight/spleen was 0.4% and there were no significance differences between the male and female bats. The spleen MDA levels which represent ROS generation was higher than those of the liver. Male bats with higher levels of MDA tend to have bigger spleen size than the female which has lower MDA levels. High levels of MDA might indicate a high immune activity inside the spleen. Despite the negative effect of ROS to genetic material, high level of ROS can be advantageous to support the bats immune system as a viral reservoir. High levels of MDA are generally accompanied by high levels of SOD which might reduce the negative impact of oxidative stress in the C. brachyotis.

Phylogeny and phylogeography of Old World fruit bats in the Cynopterus brachyotis complex

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 764-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Campbell ◽  
Christopher J. Schneider ◽  
Adura M. Adnan ◽  
Akbar Zubaid ◽  
Thomas H. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Old World ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

scholarly journals Climbing flight performance and load carrying in lesser dog-faced fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. MacAyeal ◽  
D. K. Riskin ◽  
S. M. Swartz ◽  
K. S. Breuer
Keyword(s):  
Flight Performance ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Hearing in large (Eidolon helvum) and small (Cynopterus brachyotis) non-echolocating fruit bats

2006 ◽  
Vol 221 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Heffner ◽  
G. Koay ◽  
H.E. Heffner
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis ◽  
Eidolon Helvum

scholarly journals Identification of ectoparasites and endoparasites on fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis) in Ketapang Timur Village, Ketapang Sub-District, Sampang District

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Mohamad Safri Sauqi ◽  
Tjuk Imam Restiadi ◽  
Setiawan Koesdarto ◽  
Poedji Hastutiek ◽  
Boedi Setiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

This study aims to determine the ectoparasites and endoparasites that infest fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis) in Ketapang Timur, Ketapang District, Sampang Regency. The samples in this study were blood, feces and ectoparasites from 50 fruit bats taken in Ketapang District, Sampang Regency. Blood samples were examined using a blood smear method with Giemsa staining, while stool samples were examined using three methods, namely native, sucrose floating, and acid-fast modification. Blood examination was checked using a microscope with 1000x magnification and stool examination at 400x magnification. The sample is considered positive if under microscope observation found parasites that match the characteristics of the protozoa sourced from scientific references. The results of the study of 50 fruit bats examined found five positives for digestive protozoa and ectoparasites, the infection was single, with details of one tail being infected with Eimeria sp. and one tail was infected by Leptocyclopodia ferrarii, while blood protozoa were not found. This study concludes that the type of protozoa found in the digestive tract is Eimeria sp. (14%) and ectoparasite Leptocyclopodia ferrarii. (2%). The total percentage obtained was 16% positive for a single infection of protozoa and ectoparasites from 50 fruit bats. Suggestions that can be put forward are to conduct further research using PCR and sequencing to obtain more specific and accurate identification results, for subspecies or strains.

scholarly journals Novel de Novo Genome of Cynopterus brachyotis Reveals Evolutionarily Abrupt Shifts in Gene Family Composition across Fruit Bats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
Balaji Chattopadhyay ◽  
Kritika M Garg ◽  
Rajasri Ray ◽  
Ian H Mendenhall ◽  
Frank E Rheindt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Family Composition ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Abrupt Shifts ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Abstract Major novel physiological or phenotypic adaptations often require accompanying modifications at the genic level. Conversely, the detection of considerable contractions and/or expansions of gene families can be an indicator of fundamental but unrecognized physiological change. We sequenced a novel fruit bat genome (Cynopterus brachyotis) and adopted a comparative approach to reconstruct the evolution of fruit bats, mapping contractions and expansions of gene families along their evolutionary history. Despite a radical change in life history as compared with other bats (e.g., loss of echolocation, large size, and frugivory), fruit bats have undergone surprisingly limited change in their genic composition, perhaps apart from a potentially novel gene family expansion relating to telomere protection and longevity. In sharp contrast, within fruit bats, the new Cynopterus genome bears the signal of unusual gene loss and gene family contraction, despite its similar morphology and lifestyle to two other major fruit bat lineages. Most missing genes are regulatory, immune-related, and olfactory in nature, illustrating the diversity of genomic strategies employed by bats to contend with responses to viral infection and olfactory requirements. Our results underscore that significant fluctuations in gene family composition are not always associated with obvious examples of novel physiological and phenotypic adaptations but may often relate to less-obvious shifts in immune strategies.

scholarly journals Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
MEIS NANGOY ◽  
TILTJE RANSALELEH ◽  
HANDRY LENGKONG ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
ALICE LATINNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Abstract. Nangoy M, Ransaleleh T, Lengkong H, Koneri R, Latinne A, Kyes RC. 2021. Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3075-3082. Bats play an important role in the ecosystem as pollinators, seed dispersers, and predators, therefore, this study aims to identify the diversity of fruit bat species and ectoparasites at Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from May to July 2019, and carried out in three different habitats, namely primary and secondary forest, as well as agricultural land. Besides, the bats were caught using a mist net while the ectoparasites were collected and identified using morphological criteria. A total of 253 bats were sampled representing 10 species (all belonging to the family Pteropodidae) namely Cynopterus brachyotis (24.90%), C. luzoniensis (9.88%), Dobsonia exoleta (1.19%), Macroglossus minimus (3.16%), Nictymene cephalotes (4.75%), N. minutus (0.79%), Rousettus amplexicaudatus (17%), R. celebensis (20.95%), Thoopterus nigrescens (17%), and Thoopterus sp. (0.4%). Cynopterus brachyotis was the most abundant species (n = 63). Meanwhile, a total of 479 ectoparasites were collected and identified as belonging to three families, namely Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, and Spinturnicidae. Nycteribiidae (genus Leptocyclopodia) was the most abundant ectoparasite taxa (n= 475) while the highest mean abundance and intensity were observed for the genus Thoopterus and Rousettus. This study provides important baseline data for future reference in monitoring bat population status and conservation efforts in the region. Given the close relationship between the local people and bats (e.g. hunting and consumption), more work is needed to address the potential pathogen risks from zoonotic transmission, both from bats and the respective ectoparasites.

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