scholarly journals Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
MEIS NANGOY ◽  
TILTJE RANSALELEH ◽  
HANDRY LENGKONG ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
ALICE LATINNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Abstract. Nangoy M, Ransaleleh T, Lengkong H, Koneri R, Latinne A, Kyes RC. 2021. Diversity of fruit bats (Pteropodidae) and their ectoparasites in Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3075-3082. Bats play an important role in the ecosystem as pollinators, seed dispersers, and predators, therefore, this study aims to identify the diversity of fruit bat species and ectoparasites at Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was conducted from May to July 2019, and carried out in three different habitats, namely primary and secondary forest, as well as agricultural land. Besides, the bats were caught using a mist net while the ectoparasites were collected and identified using morphological criteria. A total of 253 bats were sampled representing 10 species (all belonging to the family Pteropodidae) namely Cynopterus brachyotis (24.90%), C. luzoniensis (9.88%), Dobsonia exoleta (1.19%), Macroglossus minimus (3.16%), Nictymene cephalotes (4.75%), N. minutus (0.79%), Rousettus amplexicaudatus (17%), R. celebensis (20.95%), Thoopterus nigrescens (17%), and Thoopterus sp. (0.4%). Cynopterus brachyotis was the most abundant species (n = 63). Meanwhile, a total of 479 ectoparasites were collected and identified as belonging to three families, namely Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, and Spinturnicidae. Nycteribiidae (genus Leptocyclopodia) was the most abundant ectoparasite taxa (n= 475) while the highest mean abundance and intensity were observed for the genus Thoopterus and Rousettus. This study provides important baseline data for future reference in monitoring bat population status and conservation efforts in the region. Given the close relationship between the local people and bats (e.g. hunting and consumption), more work is needed to address the potential pathogen risks from zoonotic transmission, both from bats and the respective ectoparasites.

scholarly journals Aerosphere occupancy (ψ) model of lesser short nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus brachyotis Muller, 1838) related to tree species in Asia mountainous paddy fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Basukriadi ◽  
Erwin Nurdin ◽  
Andri Wibowo ◽  
Jimi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Narrow Space ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

AbstractBat is animal that occupies aerosphere, especially fruit bats that forage on the space around the trees. The fruit bats use whether narrow space below tree canopy or in edge space on the edge of canopy. Whereas the aerosphere occupancy of fruits bats related to the specific tree species is poorly understood. Here, this paper aims to assess and model the association of fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis aerosphere occupancy (Ψ) with tree species planted in mountainous paddy fields in West Java. The studied tree species including Alianthus altissima, Acacia sp., Cocos nucifera, Mangifera indica, Pinus sp., and Swietenia macrophylla. The result shows that the tree species diversity has significantly (x2= 27.67, P < 0.05) affected the C. brachyotis aerosphere occupancy. According to values of Ψ and occupancy percentage, high occupancy of narrow space by C. brachyotis was observed in Swietenia macrophylla (Ψ = 0.934, 78%), followed by Alianthus altissima (Ψ = 0.803, 57%), and Mangifera indica (Ψ = 913, 55%). While high occupancy of edge space was observed in Mangifera indica (Ψ = 0.685, 41%), followed by Pinus sp. (Ψ = 0.674, 38%), and Alianthus altissima sp. (Ψ = 0.627, 36%). The best model for explaining C. brachyotis occupation in narrow space is the tree height with preferences on high tree (Ψ~tree height, AIC = 1.574, R2= 0.5535, Adj. R = 0.4047). While for edge space occupant, the best model is also the tree height (Ψ~tree height, AIC = −26.1510, R2= 0.7944, Adj. R = 0.7258).

scholarly journals Novel de Novo Genome of Cynopterus brachyotis Reveals Evolutionarily Abrupt Shifts in Gene Family Composition across Fruit Bats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
Balaji Chattopadhyay ◽  
Kritika M Garg ◽  
Rajasri Ray ◽  
Ian H Mendenhall ◽  
Frank E Rheindt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Family Composition ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Abrupt Shifts ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

Abstract Major novel physiological or phenotypic adaptations often require accompanying modifications at the genic level. Conversely, the detection of considerable contractions and/or expansions of gene families can be an indicator of fundamental but unrecognized physiological change. We sequenced a novel fruit bat genome (Cynopterus brachyotis) and adopted a comparative approach to reconstruct the evolution of fruit bats, mapping contractions and expansions of gene families along their evolutionary history. Despite a radical change in life history as compared with other bats (e.g., loss of echolocation, large size, and frugivory), fruit bats have undergone surprisingly limited change in their genic composition, perhaps apart from a potentially novel gene family expansion relating to telomere protection and longevity. In sharp contrast, within fruit bats, the new Cynopterus genome bears the signal of unusual gene loss and gene family contraction, despite its similar morphology and lifestyle to two other major fruit bat lineages. Most missing genes are regulatory, immune-related, and olfactory in nature, illustrating the diversity of genomic strategies employed by bats to contend with responses to viral infection and olfactory requirements. Our results underscore that significant fluctuations in gene family composition are not always associated with obvious examples of novel physiological and phenotypic adaptations but may often relate to less-obvious shifts in immune strategies.

scholarly journals Responses of Bat Communities (Mammalia: Chiroptera) to Forest Loss and Habitat Conversion in Southern Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110103
Author(s):  
Patrick Jules Atagana ◽  
Eric Moïse Bakwo Fils ◽  
Sevilor Kekeunou
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Species Specific

We aimed to assess how bats are affected by habitat transformation by comparing bat assemblages in four habitat types: primary forest, secondary forest, cocoa plantations and human habitations in the Dja Biosphere Reserve of southern Cameroon. Bats were sampled in the four habitat types using mist nets. During 126 nights, a total of 413 bats were captured, belonging to four families, 16 genera and 24 species. Ninety three individuals (17 species) were captured in the primary forest, followed by plantations (105 individuals, 14 species), human habitations (159 individuals, 10 species), and secondary forest (55 individuals, eight species). Megaloglossus woermanni was recorded in all the four habitats, and was the most abundant species (105 individuals). The analysis of bat assemblage between habitat types showed a statistically significant difference in species composition. The distribution of the six most abundant species ( Epomops franqueti, Megaloglossus woermanni, Rousettus aegyptiacus, Dohyrina cyclops, Hipposideros cf. caffer and Hipposideros cf. ruber) was influenced by habitat types. Our results suggest that the decrease in species richness observed in disturbed habitats may be due to habitat perturbations of primary forest habitats. Therefore, it is important to examine the effects of habitat conversion at species level, as responses are often species-specific.

scholarly journals Status and distribution of the Pemba flying fox Pteropus voeltzkowi

Oryx ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Entwistle ◽  
Nadia Corp
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
The West ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Flying Fox

The Pemba flying fox Pteropus voeltzkowi is a fruit bat endemic to the island of Pemba, off Tanzania. A total of 41 reported roosting areas were visited in June and July 1995, and 19 occupied roosts were located, most of them in the west of the island, and on small islets off the west and south of Pemba. Roosts were situated in primary forest, secondary forest (overgrown clove plantations), traditional graveyards and mangrove areas. A range of sizes and species of trees were used as roosts. The minimum population of P. voeltzkowi was estimated to be between 4600 and 5500 individuals. In total 94 per cent of the population was located at 10 roost sites. Larger colonies were associated with roosts located in forests, which together supported 75 per cent of the total bat population. Colonies were of mixed sex, but no young or obviously pregnant females were observed. Major threats to this species appeared to be hunting and deforestation (both logging and clearing for agriculture) and P. voeltzkowi is considered to be endangered.

scholarly journals Hindlimb Motion during Steady Flight of the Lesser Dog-Faced Fruit Bat, Cynopterus brachyotis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e98093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorn A. Cheney ◽  
Daniel Ton ◽  
Nicolai Konow ◽  
Daniel K. Riskin ◽  
Kenneth S. Breuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis

scholarly journals PERAN TERNAK BABI SEBAGAI BIO-TILLAGE SYSTEMS PADA LAHAN KEBUN DALAM BUDAYA BERTANI MASYARAKAT ARFAK, PAPUA BARAT

Agrika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Hanike Monim ◽  
Dwi Nurhayati ◽  
Darius Trirbo ◽  
Alnita Baaka ◽  
Alexander Yaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Papua Barat ◽  
Household Gardens

ABSTRAKMengetahui seberapa jauh aplikasi penggunaan ternak babi dalam kebun masyarakat Arfak di Pegunungan Arfak penting untuk dipelajari karena Arfak memiliki kondisi agroekologi penting. Masyarakat Arfak memiliki kearifan dalam bertani serta  memiliki hubungan yang dekat dengan ternak babi. Hasil tinjauan di lapang dan referensi menunjukkan bahwa ternak babi relatif masih digunakan pada lahan pertanian atau kebun keluarga masyarakat Arfak sebagai hewan penggembur tanah (soil dozer). Ternak babi, kebun dan masyarakat Arfak saling berinteraksi dengan memberikan peranan kepada masing-masing komponen. Kelebihan ternak babi sebagai penggembur tanah kebun biologis mampu membantu petani orang Arfak. Terdapat 7 keunggulan penggunaan ternak babi dalam kebun. Namun jumlah ternak yang dapat dimasukkan serta sejauhmana kinerja ternak babi dalam setiap luasan lahan secara ekonomis, ekologis dan sosiologis masih harus dikaji secara intensif. ABSTRACTKnowing how far the application of pig farming in Arfak people 's gardens in the Arfak Mountains is important to learn because Arfak has important agro ecological conditions, the Arfak people have wisdom in farming and have a close relationship with pigs. The results of the review in the field and references show that the pigs are relatively still used on agricultural land or Arfak people's family farms as soil dozers. Pigs and gardens and Arfak people interact with each other by providing service to each component. The advantages of pigs as biological gardeners are able to help Arfak farmers. There are 7 benefits of using pigs as bio-tillage inside Arfak household gardens. However, the number of livestock that can be included and the extent to which the performance of pigs in each area of land economically, ecologically and sociologically, must still be studied intensively.  

scholarly journals Richness and abundance of anurans (amphibia) in pasture and secondary forest areas near to Porto Velho (Rondonia, Brazil)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
MILENE DA ROCHA M. ◽  
CRISTIANO RIBEIRO F. ◽  
RANIERE GARCEZ C.S.
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Environmental Integrity ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The City ◽  
Porto Velho

The Amazon has a great biodiversity, however in this regions some locations still without no research, showing the need for studies in this localities. The lack of information about the diversity of frogs and the speed of change in the landscape that have been taking place on the planet, demonstrates the urgent need to preserve the remaining resources. In this adverse scenario, live frogs that are sensitive to changes in natural forest areas, and are recognized as Bioindicator of environmental integrity. The present study had scoped to do a survey of the anuran species in a country area, near to the city of Porto Velho (RO). This land, is formed by two separate areas, one classified as secondary forests and the other as pasture area. The sampling was carried out from January to may 2012, using tools and techniques for catch in the night delimited by time, pitfall traps and frogs occasional meetings Were captured 63 specimens of Anurans, distributed in six families, where the richest in species were the Leptodactylidae (n = 6), Hylidae (n = 5), Bufonidae (n = 4), Microhylidae (n = 2), Brachycephalidae (n = 2) and Aromobatidae (n = 2), totaling 21 species identified.The most abundant species were the Leptodactylus chaquensis (n = 12) and Leptodactylus andreae (n = 8). The pasture area exhibited the greatest number of individuals captured with 65.07% of all frogs collected.

scholarly journals Sand fly fauna of Crete and the description of Phlebotomus (Adlerius) creticus n. sp. (Diptera: Psychodidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Dvořák ◽  
Nikolaos Tsirigotakis ◽  
Christoforos Pavlou ◽  
Emmanouil Dokianakis ◽  
Mohammad Akhoundi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Protein Spectra

Abstract Background The Greek island of Crete is endemic for both visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and recently increasing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This study summarizes published data on the sand fly fauna of Crete, the results of new sand fly samplings and the description of a new sand fly species. Methods All published and recent samplings were carried out using CDC light traps, sticky traps or mouth aspirators. The specific status of Phlebotomus (Adlerius) creticus n. sp., was assessed by morphological analysis, cytochrome b (cytb) sequencing and MALDI-TOF protein profiling. Results Published data revealed the presence of 10 Phlebotomus spp. and 2 Sergentomyia spp. During presented field work, 608 specimens of 8 species of Phlebotomus and one species of Sergentomyia were collected. Both published data and present samplings revealed that the two most common and abundant species were Phlebotomus neglectus, a proven vector of Leishmania infantum causing VL, and Ph. similis, a suspected vector of L. tropica causing CL. In addition, the field surveys revealed the presence of a new species, Ph. (Adlerius) creticus n. sp. Conclusions The identification of the newly described species is based on both molecular and morphological criteria, showing distinct characters of the male genitalia that differentiate it from related species of the subgenus Adlerius as well as species-specific sequence of cytb and protein spectra generated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

scholarly journals Kinematics of slow turn maneuvering in the fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis

2008 ◽  
Vol 211 (21) ◽  
pp. 3478-3489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Iriarte-Diaz ◽  
S. M. Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Cynopterus Brachyotis
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