scholarly journals Antiretroviral treatment failure among HIV-positive adults taking first-line therapy and associated risk factors at Adigrat General hospital, Adigart, Ethiopia 2019: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Desalegn Getnet Demsie ◽  
Abere Tilahun Bantie ◽  
Mengesha Dessie Allene ◽  
Niguse Meles Alema ◽  
Desye Gebrie
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

scholarly journals Community Pharmacists’ Perceptions towards the Misuse and Abuse of Pregabalin: A Cross-Sectional Study from Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1281
Author(s):  
Sultan M. Alshahrani ◽  
Khalid Orayj ◽  
Ali M. Alqahtani ◽  
Mubarak A. Algahtany
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Pregabalin is a first-line therapy for neuropathic pain and for chronic pain. It has abuse potential. This study was conducted to assess community pharmacists’ perceptions towards pregabalin abuse and misuse in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia, and identify predictors and associated factors. A cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire following a self-administrative study was conducted across community pharmacies in the Aseer region (Abha, Khamis Mushait, Mahayel, Sarat Abeeda, Ahad-Rufaida, and Bishah). A total of 206 respondents from community pharmacists participated in the study. Over the last six months, 136 respondents (66.0%) suspected pregabalin abuse in community pharmacies; male dominance in pregabalin abusers was also recorded (n = 165, 80.1%). Additionally, 40 (19.4%) respondents stated that a prescription was not issued for pregabalin demands. Over half (61.7%) of community pharmacists recorded an increased change in pregabalin abuse compared to the previous year. This is the first study to explore pharmacists’ perceptions in the community of the Aseer region towards customers’ misuse and abuse of pregabalin. Further monitoring and regulations on the prescribing and procurement of pregabalin are needed to avoid abuse.

scholarly journals Comorbidity of HIV, hypertension, and diabetes and associated factors among people receiving antiretroviral therapy in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2235042X1989931
Author(s):  
Zenebework Getahun ◽  
Muluken Azage ◽  
Taye Abuhay ◽  
Fantu Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults

Background: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are facing an increased burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) comorbidity. There is, however, paucity of information on the magnitude of HIV-NCDs comorbidity, its associated factors, and how the health system is responding to the double burden in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the magnitude of comorbidity between HIV and hypertension or diabetes and associated factors among HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 560 randomly selected HIV-positive adults taking ART. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data. A logistic regression model was fit to identify associated factors with comorbidity of HIV and NCDs. Results: The magnitude of comorbidity was 19.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 16.0–23.0). Being older (55 and above years) adjusted odds ratio (AOR: 8.5; 95% CI: 3.2–15.1), taking second-line ART regimen containing tenofovir (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3–5.6), and increased body mass index (BMI) ≥25 (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–6.5) were the factors associated with comorbidity. Participants reported that they were not managed in an integrated and coordinated manner. Conclusions: The magnitude of comorbidity among adults was high in the study area. Being older, second-line ART regimen and high BMI ≥25 increased the odds of having NCDs among HIV-positive adults. Targeted screening for the incidences of NCDs, addressing modifiable risk factors, and providing integrated care would help to improve the quality of life comorbid patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral Manifestations Among HIV-Positive Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Treatment Visiting Chamarajanagar District Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathyaprakash Dongade ◽  
ZainulMohammed Wajid Sermadi ◽  
Rangaswamynayaka Manjunath ◽  
Chandramohan Priyadarshini ◽  
MudigereSubbaiah Jayapala
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Assessment of nutritional status and its associated factors among people affected by human immune deficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy: a cross sectional study in Siltie zone, south Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mewuba Shamil Saliya ◽  
Telake Azale ◽  
Atinkut Alamirew ◽  
Dawit Jember Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
South Ethiopia ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults

Ethiopia is among the countries most affected by malnutrition and nutrition-related complications remain a challenging issue for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- infected patients and those involved in their care. The aim of this study was to assess nutritional status among HIV positive adults in South Ethiopia and assess risk factors for malnutrition in this population. Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 428 HIV positive adults who are taking ART at 12 health centers, Silte zone, Ethiopia. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify predictors of malnutrition. P-value less than 0.05 were used as cut of point to declare statistical significance. Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency was 24.1%. Food insecurity [AOR= 0.35, 95% CI (0.21, 0.62)], feeding ≤ 2 meals/day [AOR= 0.29, 95% CI (0.29, 0.13)], ambulatory functional status [AOR= 3.4, 95% CI (1.67, 6.98)] and absence of dietary counseling [AOR= 1.7, 95% CI (1.05, 2.78)] were found to be independent predictors of chronic energy deficiency among HIV positive adults. Prevalence of malnutrition is high among HIV infected adults who are on ART in the study area. Regular nutritional assessment of the patients and dietary counseling should be integrated with routine care for HIV/AIDS patients. HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs need to involve nutritionists or trained health care provider to integrate nutritional care services.

scholarly journals Hypertension among human immunodeficiency virus infected patients on treatment at Parirenyatwa Hospital: A descriptive study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumbidzai Chireshe ◽  
Keshena Naidoo ◽  
Rudo Nyamakura
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Since the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) in the early 2000s, the life expectancy of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased. However, the gains made in reducing mortality from HIV-related complications have been mitigated by the emergence of age-related chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as hypertension. Protease inhibitors (PIs), and prolonged exposure to highly active ART (HAART) have been implicated in the development of hypertension in HIV-positive people.Aim: To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among HIV-positive patients receiving ART.Setting: The study was carried out at an urban-based clinic that provides HAART and primary care to HIV-positive people in Harare, Zimbabwe.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among non-pregnant adults on HAART attending the clinic between July and August 2018.Results: We studied 600 HIV-positive adult patients, of which 56% were women. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 29.9%. Of the participants in the hypertensive group, 11.2% were not previously diagnosed or on treatment. Factors associated with hypertension were advanced age, use of HAART for longer than 10 years, being overweight, a family history of hypertension and smoking. There was a 68.8% prevalence of body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 among all participants.Conclusion: High hypertension prevalence was recorded. Hypertension was not associated with gender or use of PI regimens but being overweight was highly prevalent. Greater vigilance and integration of resources is required in the overall treatment and monitoring of HIV-positive patients for co-morbidities.

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