Abstract
In this paper, scanning thermal conductivity microscopy is used to characterize interconnect defects due to electromigration. Similar features are observed both in the temperature and thermal conductivity micrographs. The key advantage of the thermal conductivity mode is that specimen bias is not required. This is an important advantage for the characterization of defects in large scale integrated circuits. The thermal conductivity micrographs of extrusion, exposed and subsurface voids are presented and compared with the corresponding topography and temperature micrographs.
Several modifications of the direct current plasma jet have resulted in significantly enhanced analysis capabilities. Reducing the electrode angle, decreasing the aerosol chimney size, and operating in a diffuse mode with helium have provided improved stability, sensitivity, freedom from interferences, and detection limits. While the actual mechanism of the helium enhancement is not clear, no direct evidence was found which supports participation in the excitation step. Rather, improved desolvation, vaporization and possibly sample introduction result from the thermal conductivity of helium being much greater than that of argon.
Abstract
In this work, we present experimental results on the in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity characterization of a Si/Ge quantum-dots superlattice structure. The quantum-dots superlattice was grown by molecular-beam-epitaxy and self-organization. The anisotropic thermal conductivity measurements are performed by a differential two-wire 3ω method. The measured in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity values show a different temperature behavior. The results are compared and explained with heat transport models in superlattices.
Experimental measurement of thermal conductivity is considered the most reliable tool for the study of phonon transport in ultra-thin silicon structures. While there has been a great success in thermal conductivity measurement of ultra-thin silicon layers down to 20 nm over the past decade, it is not clear if the existing techniques and tools can be extended to the measurements of sun 100 Angstrom layers. In this paper, an analytical study of the feasibility of electrical Joule heating and thermometry in patterned metal bridges is presented. It is concluded that thermal conductivity of silicon layers as thin as 5 nm can be obtained (uncertainty 20%) by performing steady-state measurements using an on-substrate nanoheater structure. The thermal characterization of silicon layers as thin as 1 nm may be possible using frequency domain measurements.
This article deals with the elaboration and the characterization of an innovative 100% plant-based green composite made solely of beet pulp (BP) and potato starch (S). Using this type of material in insulation applications seems a good solution to reduce the CO2 gas emissions in building. The influence of the starch amount on composite characteristics was studied. Four mixtures were considered with different S/BP mass ratios (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4). The physical properties of these materials were studied in terms of porosity, apparent and absolute densities, thermal conductivity, and hygric properties. The influence of humidity content on acoustical properties was studied as a function of frequency. Test results show a real impact of both starch and humidity contents on the hygrothermal and acoustical properties of the studied material due to the porosity. The composite with the lowest amount of starch (S/BP = 0.1) seems to be the optimal composition in terms of the hygrothermal and acoustical behaviors.
Aimed at improving the waterproofing property of foamed concrete, a heat-insulating and waterproofing composite applied in underground engineering was prepared by using cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing material and foamed concrete. The properties of foamed concrete and composite such as compressive strength, water absorption and thermal conductivity were tested and contrasted, and the compounding reaction mechanism was analyzed. The results show that, compared with foamed concrete, the water absorption of composite has been significantly reduced while the heat-insulating property of foamed concrete is maintained and the overall waterproofing and heat-insulation performance has been significantly improved. A new approach solving underground heat-harm such as high temperature and high humidity is provided.
Temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of flexible yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate via 3ω technique (Phys. Status Solidi A 10∕2017)