Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Ventral Attention Network in Children With a History of Depression or Anxiety

Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) can enhance vision in the healthy and diseased brain. Yet, the impact of multi-day tRNS on large-scale cortical networks is still unknown. We investigated the impact of tRNS coupled with behavioral training on resting-state functional connectivity and attention. We trained human subjects for 4 consecutive days on two attention tasks, while receiving tRNS over the intraparietal sulci, the middle temporal areas, or Sham stimulation. We measured resting-state functional connectivity of nodes of the dorsal and ventral attention network (DVAN) before and after training. We found a strong behavioral improvement and increased connectivity within the DVAN after parietal stimulation only. Crucially, behavioral improvement positively correlated with connectivity measures. We conclude changes in connectivity are a marker for the enduring effect of tRNS upon behavior. Our results suggest that tRNS has strong potential to augment cognitive capacity in healthy individuals and promote recovery in the neurological population.

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The Interaction of Child Abuse and rs1360780 of the FKBP5 Gene is Associated with Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Young Adults

10.1101/2020.11.25.20238519 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christiane Wesarg ◽

Ilya M. Veer ◽

Nicole Y. L. Oei ◽

Laura S. Daedelow ◽

Tristram A. Lett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Child Abuse ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Life Stress ◽

Salience Network ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Brain Areas ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Intermediate Phenotypes ◽

History Of

AbstractExtensive research has demonstrated that rs1360780, a common single nucleotide polymorphism within the FKBP5 gene, interacts with early-life stress in predicting psychopathology. Previous results suggest that carriers of the TT genotype of rs1360780 who were exposed to child abuse show differences in structure and functional activation of emotion-processing brain areas belonging to the salience network. Extending these findings on intermediate phenotypes of psychopathology, we examined if the interaction between rs1360780 and child abuse predicts resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between the amygdala and other areas of the salience network. We analyzed data of young European adults from the general population (N = 774; mean age = 18.76 years) who took part in the IMAGEN study. In the absence of main effects of genotype and abuse, a significant interaction effect was observed for rsFC between the right centromedial amygdala and right posterior insula (p < .025, FWE-corrected), which was driven by stronger rsFC in TT allele carriers with a history of abuse. Our results suggest that the TT genotype of rs1360780 may render individuals with a history of abuse more vulnerable to functional changes in communication between brain areas processing emotions and bodily sensations, which could underlie or increase risk for psychopathology.

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Meditation-State Functional Connectivity (msFC): Strengthening of the Dorsal Attention Network and Beyond

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/680407 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Brett Froeliger ◽

Eric L. Garland ◽

Rachel V. Kozink ◽

Leslie A. Modlin ◽

Nan-Kuei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Control Group ◽

Meditation Practice ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Resting State Networks ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Attention Network ◽

Dorsal Attention Network ◽

Meditation Experience

Meditation practice alters intrinsic resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the default mode network (DMN). However, little is known regarding the effects of meditation on other resting-state networks. The aim of current study was to investigate the effects of meditation experience and meditation-state functional connectivity (msFC) on multiple resting-state networks (RSNs). Meditation practitioners (MPs) performed two 5-minute scans, one during rest, one while meditating. A meditation naïve control group (CG) underwent one resting-state scan. Exploratory regression analyses of the relations between years of meditation practice and rsFC and msFC were conducted. During resting-state, MP as compared to CG exhibited greater rsFC within the Dorsal Attention Network (DAN). Among MP, meditation, as compared to rest, strengthened FC between the DAN and DMN and Salience network whereas it decreased FC between the DAN, dorsal medial PFC, and insula. Regression analyses revealed positive correlations between the number of years of meditation experience and msFC between DAN, thalamus, and anterior parietal sulcus, whereas negative correlations between DAN, lateral and superior parietal, and insula. These findings suggest that the practice of meditation strengthens FC within the DAN as well as strengthens the coupling between distributed networks that are involved in attention, self-referential processes, and affective response.

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Resting state functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens in youth with a family history of alcoholism

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.12.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 221 (3) ◽

pp. 210-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Anita Cservenka ◽

Kaitlyn Casimo ◽

Damien A. Fair ◽

Bonnie J. Nagel

Keyword(s):

Nucleus Accumbens ◽

Family History ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

History Of

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Pharmacological fMRI: Effects of subanesthetic ketamine on resting-state functional connectivity in the default mode network, salience network, dorsal attention network and executive control network

NeuroImage Clinical ◽

10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 745-757 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Felix Mueller ◽

Francesco Musso ◽

Markus London ◽

Peter de Boer ◽

Norman Zacharias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Executive Control ◽

Default Mode Network ◽

Resting State ◽

Salience Network ◽

Control Network ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Executive Control Network ◽

Attention Network ◽

Dorsal Attention Network

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The Association Between Resting State Functional Connectivity and the Trait of Impulsivity and Suicidal Ideation in Young Depressed Patients With Suicide Attempts

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.567976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Cao ◽

Xiaorong Chen ◽

Jianmei Chen ◽

Ming Ai ◽

Yao Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

History Of ◽

The Right ◽

Left Middle

Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth and is strongly associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neurobiological underpinnings of suicidal behaviour and the identification of risk for suicide in young depressed patients are not yet well-understood. In this study, we used a seed-based correlation analysis to investigate the differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in depressed youth with or without a history of suicide attempts and healthy controls (HCs). Suicidal attempters (ATT group, n = 35), non-suicide attempters (NAT group, n = 18), and HCs exhibited significantly different RSFC patterns with the left superior prefrontal gyrus (L-SFG) and left middle prefrontal gyrus (L-MFG) serving as the regions of interest (ROIs). The ATT group showed decreased RSFC of the left middle frontal gyrus with the left superior parietal gyrus compared to the NAT and HC groups. Decreased RSFC between the left superior frontal gyrus and the right anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) was found in the ATT group compared to the NAT and HC groups. Furthermore, the left prefrontal-parietal connectivity was associated with suicidal ideation and levels of impulsivity, but RSFC of the left prefrontal cortex with the rACC was correlated exclusively with impulsivity levels and was not related to suicidal ideation in the ATT group. Our results demonstrated that altered RSFC of the prefrontal-parietal and prefrontal-rACC regions was associated with suicide attempts in depressed youth, and state-related deficits in their interconnectivity may contribute to traits, such as cognitive impairments and impulsivity to facilitate suicidal acts. Our findings suggest that the neural correlates of suicidal behaviours might be dissociable from those related to the severity of current suicidal ideation. Neural circuits underlying suicide attempts differ from those that underlie suicidal ideation.

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