The impact of socioeconomic status in atopic dermatitis and how the internet can act as a public health intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. AB285
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals How to optimise public health interventions: a scoping review of guidance from optimisation process frameworks

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam McCrabb ◽  
Kaitlin Mooney ◽  
Benjamin Elton ◽  
Alice Grady ◽  
Sze Lin Yoong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Problem Identification ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Optimisation processes have the potential to rapidly improve the impact of health interventions. Optimisation can be defined as a deliberate, iterative and data-driven process to improve a health intervention and/or its implementation to meet stakeholder-defined public health impacts within resource constraints. This study aimed to identify frameworks used to optimise the impact of health interventions and/or their implementation, and characterise the key concepts, steps or processes of identified frameworks. Methods A scoping review of MEDLINE, CINAL, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source databases was undertaken. Two reviewers independently coded the key concepts, steps or processes involved in each frameworks, and identified if it was a framework aimed to optimise interventions or their implementation. Two review authors then identified the common steps across included frameworks. Results Twenty optimisation frameworks were identified. Eight frameworks were for optimising interventions, 11 for optimising implementation and one covered both intervention and implementation optimisation. The mean number of steps within the frameworks was six (range 3–9). Almost half (n = 8) could be classified as both linear and cyclic frameworks, indicating that some steps may occur multiple times in a single framework. Two meta-frameworks are proposed, one for intervention optimisation and one for implementation strategy optimisation. Steps for intervention optimisation are: Problem identification; Preparation; Theoretical/Literature base; Pilot/Feasibility testing; Optimisation; Evaluation; and Long-term implementation. Steps for implementation strategy optimisation are: Problem identification; Collaborate; Plan/design; Pilot; Do/change; Study/evaluate/check; Act; Sustain/endure; and Disseminate/extend. Conclusions This review provides a useful summary of the common steps followed to optimise a public health intervention or its implementation according to established frameworks. Further opportunities to study and/or validate such frameworks and their impact on improving outcomes exist.

Sustainability of the Impact of a Public Health Intervention: Lessons Learned From the Laval Walking Clubs Experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Nguyêt Nguyên ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
Irène Martineau ◽  
Richard Grignon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Impact

Improving the follow up rate for pediatric patients (0-16 years) attending Bharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal: A Public Health Intervention Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Shrestha ◽  
Gopal Bhandari ◽  
Suresh Kumar Rathi ◽  
Anirudh Gaurang Gudlavalleti ◽  
Binod Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Intervention Package ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The follow up of pediatric patients ensures regular ocular morbidity monitoring and better treatment outcome. Bharatpur Eye Hospital (BEH) noticed that the follow up rates were low among its pediatric patients. There are several factors including lack of awareness and forgetfulness among patients may contribute in less number of follow ups. Therefore, BEH decided to find if counselling and reminders through Short Message Service (SMS) and phone calls would improve the follow up rates. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the impact of interventions like counselling and reminder SMS and phone call in improving the follow up rate of pediatric patients. METHODS This is a public health intervention study, being conducted using the mixed method. Herein all children (0-16 years) with ocular conditions requiring at least 3 follow ups in the study period will be included. Two hundred and sixty four participants will be distributed to three groups: routine standard care, counseling and reminders with SMS and phone calls. In counseling, patients will take part in 20 minute counseling session with trained counselor in each visit and information leaflets will be provided to them. In reminder SMS and phone call group, patients will receive a SMS prior to 3 days and phone call one day prior to their scheduled visits. Patient attending within ± 2days of the scheduled date will be considered compliant to follow up. The proportion of patients completing all the follow ups in each group will be assessed. Informed consent will be taken from parent and child. Univariate and multivariate analysis will be conducted. The qualitative analysis about the barriers for follow up like educational status of the parent, distance and cost for travel will be done. RESULTS The ethical approval has been obtained from Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (ERB protocol registration number 761/2020 P). Due to COVID-19 pandemic, as of June 2021, we have been able to enroll 112 participants (40% of the sample size). CONCLUSIONS This study will reliably document not only the factors associated with follow up rate through intervention package (counseling and reminders through SMS and phone calls) but also cost effectiveness of the intervention package, which can be applied in all the departments of the hospital. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol has also been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, (NCT04837534) on April 08, 2021

scholarly journals Electrophysiology in the time of coronavirus: coping with the great wave

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Patrizio Mazzone ◽  
Lisa WM Leung ◽  
Weiqian Lin ◽  
Giuseppe D’Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Interventional Electrophysiology ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nationwide Program

ABSTRACTAimsTo chart the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activity of interventional electrophysiology services in affected regions.MethodsWe reviewed the electrophysiology laboratory records in 3 affected cities: Wenzhou in China, Milan in Italy and London, United Kingdom. We interviewed electrophysiologists in each centre to gather information on the impact of the pandemic on working patterns and on the health of staff members.ResultsThere was a striking decline in interventional electrophysiology activity in each of the centres. The decline occurred within a week of the recognition of widespread community transmission of the virus in each region and shows a striking correlation with the national figures for new diagnoses of COVID-19 in each case. During the period of restriction, work-flow dropped to <5% of normal, consisting of emergency cases only. In 2 of 3 centres, electrophysiologists were redeployed to perform emergency work outside electrophysiology. Among the centres studied, only Wenzhou has seen a recovery from the restrictions in activity. Following an intense nationwide program of public health interventions, local transmission of COVID-19 ceased to be detectable after February 18th allowing the electrophysiology service to resume with a strict testing regime for all patients.ConclusionInterventional electrophysiology is vulnerable to closure in times of great social difficulty including the COVID-19 pandemic. Intense public health intervention can permit suppression of local disease transmission allowing resumption of some normal activity.CONDENSED ABSTRACTCOVID-19 has affected every aspect of life worldwide. In the electrophysiology labs of Wenzhou, Milan and London, activity was suspended as the disease took hold. Only Wenzhou has resumed normal services, facilitated by a monumental nationwide program of public health interventions and supported by stringent testing protocols.WHAT’S NEWWe describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on interventional electrophysiology units in 3 cities: Wenzhou, Milan and London.In all cases, the routine work of the electrophysiology was virtually suspended within a week of the recognition of widespread virus transmission in the area.During the period of restricted activity imposed by the pandemic, centres have dealt with a small number of emergency ablations only, a balanced mix of atrial, ventricular and junctional arrhythmias.In 2 of the 3 centres, electrophysiologists were redeployed to perform other medical duties including in COVID-19 wards.COVID-19 infection occurred in medical and nursaing staff in 2 of the 3 centres.Only in the cases of Wenzhou, China, has a resumption of normal activity been possible; this follows intensive public health intervention and is protected by stringent testing.FUNDINGNoneETHICAL APPROVALNone required from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) London according to the type of study. Institutional ethical approval obtained at the centres of: St. George’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Local Health Authority Ethical Approval was obtained in: The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, PR China and San Raffaele in Milan, Italy.CONSENTInformed consent was obtained from all participants/interviewees who took part in this study.

The Affective Politics of Karma among Buddhist Cancer Charities in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-62
Author(s):  
Sara Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Existence ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Moral Failure ◽  
Cancer Rates ◽  
Charity Work

In this article, I explore how Buddhist charity workers in Vietnam interpret rising cancer rates through understandings of karma. Rather than framing cancer as a primarily physical or medical phenomenon, volunteers state that cancer is a product of collective moral failure. Corruption in public food production is both caused by and perpetuates bad karma, which negatively impacts global existence. Conversely, charity work creates merit, which can improve collective karma and benefit all living beings. I argue that through such interpretations of karma, Buddhist volunteers understand their charity at cancer hospitals as an affective and ethical form of public health intervention.

scholarly journals Comparison of the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea: Importance of early public health intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 742-745
Author(s):  
Hye Seong ◽  
Hak Jun Hyun ◽  
Jin Gu Yun ◽  
Ji Yun Noh ◽  
Hee Jin Cheong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention

Measuring the Efficacy of a Pilot Public Health Intervention for Engaging Communities of Puerto Rico to Rapidly Write Hurricane Protection Plans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mark E. Keim ◽  
Laura A. Runnels ◽  
Alexander P. Lovallo ◽  
Margarita Pagan Medina ◽  
Eduardo Roman Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based

Abstract Objective: The efficacy is measured for a public health intervention related to community-based planning for population protection measures (PPMs; ie, shelter-in-place and evacuation). Design: This is a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) prospective study of intervention efficacy, measured in terms of usability related to effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, and degree of community engagement. Setting: Two municipalities in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico are included. Participants: Community members consisting of individuals; traditional leaders; federal, territorial, and municipal emergency managers; municipal mayors; National Guard; territorial departments of education, health, housing, public works, and transportation; health care; police; Emergency Medical Services; faith-based organizations; nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); and the private sector. Intervention: The intervention included four community convenings: one for risk communication; two for plan-writing; and one tabletop exercise (TTX). This study analyzed data collected from the project work plan; participant rosters; participant surveys; workshop outputs; and focus group interviews. Main Outcome Measures: Efficacy was measured in terms of ISO 9241-11, an international standard for usability that includes effectiveness, efficiency, user satisfaction, and “freedom from risk” among users. Degree of engagement was considered an indicator of “freedom from risk,” measurable through workshop attendance. Results: Two separate communities drafted and exercised ~60-page-long population protection plans, each within 14.5 hours. Plan-writing workshops completed 100% of plan objectives and activities. Efficiency rates were nearly the same in both communities. Interviews and surveys indicated high degrees of community satisfaction. Engagement was consistent among community members and variable among governmental officials. Conclusions: Frontline communities have successfully demonstrated the ability to understand the environmental health hazards in their own community; rapidly write consensus-based plans for PPMs; participate in an objective-based TTX; and perform these activities in a bi-lingual setting. This intervention appears to be efficacious for public use in the rapid development of community-based PPMs.

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