Improving the follow up rate for pediatric patients (0-16 years) attending Bharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal: A Public Health Intervention Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Shrestha ◽  
Gopal Bhandari ◽  
Suresh Kumar Rathi ◽  
Anirudh Gaurang Gudlavalleti ◽  
Binod Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Intervention Package ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The follow up of pediatric patients ensures regular ocular morbidity monitoring and better treatment outcome. Bharatpur Eye Hospital (BEH) noticed that the follow up rates were low among its pediatric patients. There are several factors including lack of awareness and forgetfulness among patients may contribute in less number of follow ups. Therefore, BEH decided to find if counselling and reminders through Short Message Service (SMS) and phone calls would improve the follow up rates. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the impact of interventions like counselling and reminder SMS and phone call in improving the follow up rate of pediatric patients. METHODS This is a public health intervention study, being conducted using the mixed method. Herein all children (0-16 years) with ocular conditions requiring at least 3 follow ups in the study period will be included. Two hundred and sixty four participants will be distributed to three groups: routine standard care, counseling and reminders with SMS and phone calls. In counseling, patients will take part in 20 minute counseling session with trained counselor in each visit and information leaflets will be provided to them. In reminder SMS and phone call group, patients will receive a SMS prior to 3 days and phone call one day prior to their scheduled visits. Patient attending within ± 2days of the scheduled date will be considered compliant to follow up. The proportion of patients completing all the follow ups in each group will be assessed. Informed consent will be taken from parent and child. Univariate and multivariate analysis will be conducted. The qualitative analysis about the barriers for follow up like educational status of the parent, distance and cost for travel will be done. RESULTS The ethical approval has been obtained from Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (ERB protocol registration number 761/2020 P). Due to COVID-19 pandemic, as of June 2021, we have been able to enroll 112 participants (40% of the sample size). CONCLUSIONS This study will reliably document not only the factors associated with follow up rate through intervention package (counseling and reminders through SMS and phone calls) but also cost effectiveness of the intervention package, which can be applied in all the departments of the hospital. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol has also been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, (NCT04837534) on April 08, 2021

scholarly journals How to optimise public health interventions: a scoping review of guidance from optimisation process frameworks

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam McCrabb ◽  
Kaitlin Mooney ◽  
Benjamin Elton ◽  
Alice Grady ◽  
Sze Lin Yoong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Problem Identification ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Optimisation processes have the potential to rapidly improve the impact of health interventions. Optimisation can be defined as a deliberate, iterative and data-driven process to improve a health intervention and/or its implementation to meet stakeholder-defined public health impacts within resource constraints. This study aimed to identify frameworks used to optimise the impact of health interventions and/or their implementation, and characterise the key concepts, steps or processes of identified frameworks. Methods A scoping review of MEDLINE, CINAL, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source databases was undertaken. Two reviewers independently coded the key concepts, steps or processes involved in each frameworks, and identified if it was a framework aimed to optimise interventions or their implementation. Two review authors then identified the common steps across included frameworks. Results Twenty optimisation frameworks were identified. Eight frameworks were for optimising interventions, 11 for optimising implementation and one covered both intervention and implementation optimisation. The mean number of steps within the frameworks was six (range 3–9). Almost half (n = 8) could be classified as both linear and cyclic frameworks, indicating that some steps may occur multiple times in a single framework. Two meta-frameworks are proposed, one for intervention optimisation and one for implementation strategy optimisation. Steps for intervention optimisation are: Problem identification; Preparation; Theoretical/Literature base; Pilot/Feasibility testing; Optimisation; Evaluation; and Long-term implementation. Steps for implementation strategy optimisation are: Problem identification; Collaborate; Plan/design; Pilot; Do/change; Study/evaluate/check; Act; Sustain/endure; and Disseminate/extend. Conclusions This review provides a useful summary of the common steps followed to optimise a public health intervention or its implementation according to established frameworks. Further opportunities to study and/or validate such frameworks and their impact on improving outcomes exist.

scholarly journals A public health intervention package for increasing tuberculosis notifications from private practitioners in Bandung, Indonesia (INSTEP2): A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Panji Fortuna Hadisoemarto ◽  
Bony Wiem Lestari ◽  
Katrina Sharples ◽  
Nur Afifah ◽  
Lidya Chaidir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Tailored Intervention ◽  
Intervention Package ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
And Control

Background. A significant proportion of tuberculosis (TB) patients globally make their initial visit for medical care to either an informal provider or a private practitioner, and many are not formally notified. Involvement of private practitioners (PPs) in a public–private mix for TB (TB-PPM) provides an opportunity for improving TB control. However, context-specific interventions beyond public–private agreements and mandatory notification are needed. In this study we will evaluate whether a tailored intervention package can increase TB notifications from PPs in Indonesia. Methods. This is a cluster-randomized trial of a multi-component public health intervention. 36 community health centre (CHC) areas will be selected as study locations and randomly allocated to intervention and control arms (1:1). PPs in the intervention areas will be identified using a mapping exercise and recruited into the study if they are eligible and consent. They will receive a tailored intervention package including in-person education about TB management along with bimonthly electronic refreshers, context-specific selection of referral pathways, and access to a TB-reporting app developed in collaboration with the National TB programme. The primary hypothesis is that the intervention package will increase the TB notification rate. The primary outcome will be measured by collecting notification data from the CHCs in intervention and control arms at the end of a 1-year observation period and comparing with the 1-year pre-intervention. The primary analysis will be intention-to-treat at the cluster level, using a generalised mixed model with repeated measures of TB notifications for 1 year pre- and 1 year post-intervention. Discussion. The results from this study will provide evidence on whether a tailored intervention package is effective in increasing the number of TB notifications, and whether the PPs refer presumptive TB cases correctly. The study results will guide policy in the development of TB-PPM in Indonesia and similar settings.

Assessing the reach of nicotine replacement therapy as a preventive public health measure

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Bondy ◽  
LM Diemert ◽  
JC Victor ◽  
PW McDonald ◽  
JE Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Nicotine Replacement Therapy ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Nicotine Replacement ◽  
Health Measure ◽  
Preventive Public Health ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Access to Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is a key public health intervention to reduce smoking. We assessed prevalence and correlates of use of NRT in Ontario, where NRT is available without prescription. Methods Participants were a representative sample of 2262 adult smokers in the Ontario Tobacco Survey cohort. Prospectively measured use of NRT over a 6-month period was reported in relation to smoking behaviour and history, attempts to quit, receipt of other supports for cessation supports and attitudes toward NRT. Results Overall, 11% of smokers used NRT over the six-month follow-up period. Conclusion With increasing accessibility of NRT, further surveillance and research are warranted to determine the impact of the reach and benefits of NRT, considering both the general and targeted smoking populations.

Sustainability of the Impact of a Public Health Intervention: Lessons Learned From the Laval Walking Clubs Experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Nguyêt Nguyên ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
Irène Martineau ◽  
Richard Grignon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals One Health approach for elimination of human anthrax in a tribal district of Odisha: Study protocol

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251041
Author(s):  
Debdutta Bhattacharya ◽  
Jaya Singh Kshatri ◽  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Debaprasad Parai ◽  
Jyoti Shandilya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Intervention Package ◽  
Surveillance Network

Background Anthrax is a major but neglected zoonotic disease of public health concern in India with Odisha contributing a major share to the disease burden. Bacillus anthracis spores can be found naturally in soil and commonly affect both animals and humans around the world. Domestic and wild animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, and deer can become infected when they inhale or ingest spores from contaminated soil, plants, or water. Anthrax can be fatal if patients are not treated promptly with antibiotics. This protocol aims to describe the implementation and evaluation of the ‘One Health’ intervention model based on the principles of Theory of Change (ToC) to eliminate human anthrax from a tribal district in Odisha, India. Methods This study would test the effectiveness of a complex public health intervention package developed using the ToC framework for the elimination of human anthrax in Koraput district by a comparative analysis of baseline and end-line data. We plan to enroll 2640 adults across 14 geographically divided blocks in Koraput district of Odisha for baseline and end-line surveys. After baseline, we would provide capacity building training to stakeholders from the department of health, veterinary, forest, academic and allied health institutions followed by workshops on sensitization and awareness through IEC (Information Education Communication)/BCC (Behavior Change Communication) activities in the community. We would establish a state-level laboratory facility as a robust system for timely diagnosis and management of human anthrax cases. Surveillance network will be strengthened to track the cases in early stage and risk zoning will be done for focused surveillance in endemic areas. Advocacy with district level administration will be done for maximizing the coverage of livestock vaccination in the entire district. Interdepartmental coordination would be established for the effective implementation of the intervention package. Conclusion This would be a first study applying One Health concept for the elimination of human anthrax in India. The findings from this study will offer important insights for policy-making and further replication in other endemic regions of the state and country. Trial registration The authors confirm that all ongoing and related trials for this intervention are prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India [CTRI/2020/05/025325] on 22 May 2020.

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