Commercial Penicillin Blood Allergy Tests Are Not Useful in the Diagnosis Of Clinically Significant Penicillin Allergy in the United States.

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. AB152
Author(s):  
E. Macy ◽  
B. Goldberg ◽  
K. Poon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Penicillin Allergy ◽  
Clinically Significant

Penicillin allergy and purified penicillin (purapen G)

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Skin Eruption ◽  
Anaphylactic Shock ◽  
The United States ◽  
Penicillin Allergy ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Angioneurotic Oedema ◽  
After Hours

PENICILLIN ALLERGY - Intramuscular benzylpenicillin in conventional doses is remarkable for its lack of toxicity, although massive intravenous or intramuscular doses can cause serious toxic encephalopathies. Allergic reactions occur in 3 – 8% of patients.1 2 The most serious reaction is acute anaphylactic shock, which is estimated to cause 100–300 deaths yearly in the United States.3 Urticarial and, less frequently, maculo-papular, diffuse erythematous and other forms of skin eruption may occur within minutes or only after hours or days. Angioneurotic oedema, asthma, joint pains and swelling, and lacrimation may also be features of penicillin allergy.

scholarly journals The Basics of Penicillin Allergy: What A Clinician Should Know

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Lteif ◽  
Lea S. Eiland
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Penicillin Allergy ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Medication Allergy ◽  
Specific Reactions

Antimicrobials in the penicillin class are first line treatments for several infectious diseases in the pediatric and adult population today. In the United States, patients commonly report having a penicillin allergy, with penicillin being the most frequent beta-lactam allergy. However, very few patients experience a clinically significant immune-mediated allergic reaction to penicillin. If a true penicillin allergy exists, cross-reactivity to other beta-lactam antimicrobials may occur. Mislabeling patients with penicillin allergy can lead to a higher utilization of second line antimicrobial agents, potentially increasing costs and resistance due to a larger spectrum of activity. Pharmacists play an essential role in inquiring about patient specific reactions to presumed medication allergies and developing a further assessment plan, if needed, to determine if the medication allergy is real.

scholarly journals Finished Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Clostridium botulinum Type A(B) Isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Halpin ◽  
Karen Hill ◽  
Shannon L. Johnson ◽  
David Carlton Bruce ◽  
T. Brian Shirey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Type A ◽  
The United States ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Botulinum Type ◽  
Clinically Significant

ABSTRACT Clostridium botulinum secretes a potent neurotoxin that causes devastating effects when ingested, including paralysis and death if not treated. In the United States, some clinically significant strains produce toxin type A while also harboring a silent B gene. These are the first two closed genome sequences published for this subset.

Envenomation by the Scorpion Centruroides exilicauda (C sculpturatus): Severe and Unusual Manifestations

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-933
Author(s):  
ROBERT A. BERG ◽  
MICHAEL D. TARANTINO
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Scorpion Envenomation ◽  
Local Pain ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Clinically Significant

Scorpion envenomation continues to be a common occurrence in the southwestern United States. The only medically important scorpion in the United States is Centruroides exilicauda (also known as C sculpturatus), a scorpion found mainly in Arizona, but also found in parts of Texas, New Mexico, California, and northern Mexico.1 Envenomation by C exilicauda is clinically significant because of potent neurotoxins injected from the terminal tail segment of the scorpion into its prey.2 Clinical effects include tachycardia, local pain, restlessness, roving eye movements, hypertension, respiratory distress, tachypnea, hypersalivation, slurred speech, and stridor. These signs and symptoms are usually more severe in children, especially those younger than 5 years of age.3,4

scholarly journals Mental Health During the First Weeks of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. S. Killgore ◽  
Sara A. Cloonan ◽  
Emily C. Taylor ◽  
Natalie S. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
At Home

Background: By March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 crisis as a worldwide pandemic and many local governments instituted stay-at-home orders and closed non-essential businesses. Within the United States, tens of millions of workers lost their jobs and financial security during the first few weeks of the national response, in an attempt to slow the global pandemic. Because of the enormity of the pandemic and its potential impact on mental health, the objective of the present study was to document the prevalence of mental health problems and their association with pandemic-related job loss during the third week of the nationwide shutdown.Methods: Mental health was assessed via online questionnaires among a representative sample of 1,013 U.S. adults on April 9–10, 2020. Rates of clinically significant mental health outcomes were compared between participants who lost their job as a result of COVID-19 restrictions (17.4%) vs. those who did not (82.6%). Bivariate multiple logistic regression identified factors that were predictive of, and protective against, mental health problems.Results: The prevalence of clinically significant symptoms was significantly higher than prior population estimates, ranging from 27 to 32% for depression, 30 to 46% for anxiety disorders, 15 to 18% for acute/post-traumatic stress, 25% for insomnia, and 18% for suicidal ideation. Prevalence estimates were 1.5–1.7 times higher for those who reported job loss due to COVID-19 restrictions than those who did not. Mental health problems were predicted by worry over financial instability, insomnia, social isolation, and alcohol consumption, while getting outside more often, perceived social support, and older age were protective against these problems.Conclusions: During the first 3 weeks of lockdowns/stay-at-home restrictions, mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and acute stress reactions were notably elevated relative to prior population estimates. Job loss related to the nationwide shutdown was particularly associated with poorer mental health. These findings provide a baseline of mental health functioning during the first weeks of the national emergency and lockdown orders in response to COVID-19.

Accuracy of Google Translate in translating the directions and counseling points for top-selling drugs from English to Arabic, Chinese, and Spanish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette R Cornelison ◽  
Sulaiman Al-Mohaish ◽  
Yizhou Sun ◽  
Christopher J Edwards
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Purpose A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of Google Translate (Google LLC, Mountain View, CA) when used to translate directions for use and counseling points for the top 100 drugs used in the United States into Arabic, Chinese (simplified), and Spanish. Methods Directions for use and common counseling points for the top 100 drugs were identified by 2 clinicians. This information was translated from English to Arabic, Chinese (simplified), and Spanish using Google Translate. Two nonclinician, bilingual native speakers of each language back-translated the Google Translate translation into English and determined if the sentence made sense in their native language. Two clinicians reviewed the back-translations to determine the clinical significance of each inaccurate translation. Results For the top 100 drugs, 38 unique directions for use and 170 unique counseling points were identified for translation. For the 38 directions for use, 29 (76.3%) of the Arabic translations were accurate, 34 (89.5%) of the Chinese (simplified) translations were accurate, and 27 (71%) of the Spanish translations were accurate. For the 170 counseling points, 92 (54.1%) of the Arabic translations were accurate, 130 (76.5%) of the Chinese (simplified) translations were accurate, and 65 (38.2%) of the Spanish translations were accurate. Of the 247 inaccurate translations, 72 (29.1%) were classified as highly clinically significant or potentially life-threatening. Conclusion Certified translators should be used to translate directions for use and common counseling points for prescription medications into Arabic, Chinese (simplified), and Spanish. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of inaccurate translation when Google Translate is used.

Geriatric Psychiatry and Fellowship Programs in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
David Cordon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Fellowship Programs ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Commit Suicide

Psychiatric disorders are extremely common in the elderly and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. For example, 8% to 15% of the geriatric population has clinically significant symptoms of depression (NIH Consensus Conference, 1992). Elderly Americans commit suicide at a rate twice the national average (National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, 2007). Ten to 15% of elderly community residents have Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other dementias (Evans et al., 1989). AD is the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control, 2006).

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