Aspirin and statin use and the subsequent development of depression in men and women: Results from a longitudinal population-based study

Abstract Background Bloodstream infections (BSIs) confer an increased risk of infective endocarditis (IE) in patients with a prosthetic cardiac valve. This relationship is less well established in patients undergoing valve repair. We conducted a retrospective population-based study to determine the incidence of BSIs following valve repair and identify risk factors associated with the development of IE. Methods The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) data linkage system was used to identify all persons who underwent valve repair in a 7-county region in Southeastern Minnesota between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018. Medical records were screened for the development of a BSI from time of procedure until May 15, 2020. Patients were classified as having BSI only, BSI with IE at outset, or BSI with subsequent development of new IE. IE at outset was defined as cases where IE was diagnosed at the time of initial positive blood culture. Results A total of 387 patients underwent valve repair surgery. A total of 31 (8%) patients subsequently developed a BSI, 4% within one year of surgery. Seventeen patients underwent mitral repair with annuloplasty, 9 underwent tricuspid annuloplasty, and 5 had concurrent repairs. Median time to the development of BSI was 338 days. Of the 31 patients with BSI, 4 (13%) had BSI with IE at outset. No patients developed IE subsequent to BSI, Enterococcus spp. was responsible for 3 cases of IE, and MSSA for 1. All cases occurred within one year of surgery. Given the low incidence, statistical analysis of associated risk factors for IE was not feasible. All patients with BSI and IE at outset, however, died by the end of the study period, versus 11/27 in the BSI only group. Conclusion Incidence of BSIs was higher in patients undergoing cardiac valve repair than in the general population. The incidence of IE with a BSI was 13%, which is lower than what has been previously published. It is notable that all cases of IE occurred within one year of surgery. Recognizing that endothelialization of device surfaces occurs, it is tempting to speculate that the risk of IE may be time dependent and may decline over time. Subsequent investigation of this theory is underway. Disclosures Larry M. Baddour, MD, Boston Scientific (Consultant)

Download Full-text

Statin use is associated with improved survival in ovarian cancer: A retrospective population-based study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0189233 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. e0189233 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Alexandra Couttenier ◽

Olivia Lacroix ◽

Evelien Vaes ◽

Chris R. Cardwell ◽

Harlinde De Schutter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Statin Use

Download Full-text

Intakes and sources of isoflavones, lignans, enterolignans, coumestrol and soya-containing foods in the Norfolk arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Norfolk), from 7 d food diaries, using a newly updated database

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012003904 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 1454-1462 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Angela A Mulligan ◽

Gunter GC Kuhnle ◽

Marleen AH Lentjes ◽

Veronica van Scheltinga ◽

Natasha A Powell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Group ◽

Population Based ◽

Food Composition ◽

Interquartile Range ◽

Food Sources ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Men And Women ◽

Food Diaries ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjectiveA diet rich in phyto-oestrogens has been suggested to protect against a variety of common diseases but UK intake data on phyto-oestrogens or their food sources are sparse. The present study estimates the average intakes of isoflavones, lignans, enterolignans and coumestrol from 7 d food diaries and provides data on total isoflavone, lignan and phyto-oestrogen consumption by food group.DesignDevelopment of a food composition database for twelve phyto-oestrogens and analysis of soya food and phyto-oestrogen consumption in a population-based study.SettingMen and women, aged 40–79 years, from the general population participating in the Norfolk arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Norfolk) between 1993 and 1997, with nutrient and food data from 7 d food diaries.SubjectsA subset of 20 437 participants.ResultsThe median daily phyto-oestrogen intake for all men was 1199 μg (interquartile range 934–1537 μg; mean 1504 μg,sd1502 μg) and 888 μg for all women (interquartile range 710–1135 μg; mean 1205 μg,sd1701 μg). In soya consumers, median daily intakes were higher: 2861 μg in men (interquartile range 1304–7269 μg; mean 5051 μg,sd5031 μg) and 3142 μg in women (interquartile range 1089–7327 μg; mean 5396 μg,sd6092 μg). In both men and women, bread made the greatest contribution to phyto-oestrogen intake – 40·8 % and 35·6 %, respectively. In soya consumers, vegetable dishes and soya/goat's/sheep's milks were the main contributors – 45·7 % and 21·3 % in men and 38·4 % and 33·7 % in women, respectively.ConclusionsThe ability to estimate phyto-oestrogen intake in Western populations more accurately will aid investigations into their suggested effects on health.

Download Full-text

Abstract P057: Clusters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Predict Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Men and Women: A Swedish Population-based Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.133.suppl_1.p057 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Charlotte A Larsson ◽

Bledar Daka ◽

Margareta I Hellgren ◽

Maria C Eriksson ◽

Lennart Råstam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Men And Women ◽

Self Rated Health

Introduction: Clusters of metabolic variables and their effects on incidence of type 2 diabetes have been studied previously; however, little is known about the effects on diabetes from risk factor clusters including lifestyle and self-rated health. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that clusters of common cardiovascular risk factors, including lifestyle and self-rated health, can predict development of type 2 diabetes in men and women, respectively. Methods: In 2002-2005, 2816 men and women, 30-74 years, were randomly selected from two municipalities in southwestern Sweden and assessed with regard to cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors within the Skaraborg Project (76% participation). Participants performed an OGTT, had blood samples drawn, had anthropometric measurements and blood pressure taken, and answered validated questionnaires about e.g. leisure-time physical activity (with four answer alternatives from intensive to sedentary) and self-rated health (with five alternatives from excellent to very poor). Using the same protocol, 1332 participants from the baseline survey where re-examined in 2011-2014. After excluding those with diabetes at baseline, 1268 participants were included in this prospective population-based study. Results: Factor analysis (using varimax rotation) identified significant loadings (≥0.40) on the following three identical factors in men and women: the metabolic factor , comprising HOMA-ir, WHR, systolic blood pressure, and apolipoprotein B-to-A1 ratio; the vitality factor , comprising physical activity and self-rated health; and the addiction factor , comprising smoking and alcohol consumption. After a mean follow-up of 9.7±1.4 years, 76 cases of diabetes were identified; 46 in men and 30 in women. In a logistic regression analysis adjusted for all principal components, age, and educational level, the metabolic factor significantly predicted type 2 diabetes in both men (OR: 3.3, CI: 2.3-5.0) and women (OR: 3.5, CI: 2.2-5.6). Furthermore, a predictive effect of the vitality factor was also seen in women (OR: 1.8, CI: 1.2-2.9), but not in men (OR: 1.1, CI: 0.8-1.6), whereas the addiction factor had no effect in either men or women. Conclusions: This is to our knowledge the first time principle components of cardiovascular risk factors, including both metabolic and lifestyle variables, have been used to predict incidence of type 2 diabetes. The gender difference observed with regard to the combined impact of self-rated health and physical activity are novel and indicates a mechanism beside the metabolic syndrome that warrants further gender-specific exploration in future studies.

Download Full-text