Nutrient additions have direct and indirect effects on biocrust biomass in a long-term Chihuahuan Desert grassland experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 104317
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Baldarelli ◽  
Heather L. Throop ◽  
Scott L. Collins ◽  
David Ward
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Desert Grassland ◽  
Nutrient Additions

Long-term measurements of CO2 flux and evapotranspiration in a Chihuahuan desert grassland

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mielnick ◽  
W.A. Dugas ◽  
K. Mitchell ◽  
K. Havstad
Keyword(s):  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Desert Grassland

Keep Your Brain Tissue Healthy

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-66
Author(s):  
Charles Alessi ◽  
Larry W. Chambers ◽  
Muir Gray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

This chapter starts by advising how to reduce the impact of stress. When stress becomes long term, the immune system becomes less sensitive to cortisol, and since inflammation is partly regulated by this hormone, this decreased sensitivity heightens the inflammatory response and allows inflammation to get out of control, increasing our risk of many diseases. You can reduce your stress yourself through a variety of methods, including physical activity and mindfulness-based stress reduction. Adequate sleep is also a major factor that can improve cognitive abilities and reduce the risk of dementia, and this chapter outlines what we need to know about sleep cycles, insomnia, and sleep disordered breathing, and how to sleep more and sleep better. The chapter then covers how to protect your brain from over medication (polypharmacy). It finishes by discussing how to maintain and indeed increase your levels of physical activity, and how increasing physical activity has both direct and indirect effects on the brain.

scholarly journals On the Economic Effects of a Res Local Industry Deployment in Morocco: A Case of Study Defining Scenarios from a Survey to Stakeholders

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6811
Author(s):  
Ramon Mahia ◽  
Rafael de Arce
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
Scenario Design ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Large Investment ◽  
New Jobs

The aim of this article is to simulate the economic impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment of renewable energy sources investment in Morocco over the next 40 years. In this sense, several potential scenarios of energy component evolution have been used based on the results of a specific survey to sector stakeholders. We obtain accurate results, avoiding speculative/theoretical assumptions in terms of scenario design. As usual in the sector, a Dynamic Input–Output Model (DI–O) is used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of such a large investment and, avoiding the criticism of this type of model in the context of long-term simulations, the alternative of de Arce et al. (2012) is used. In this framework, substantial results derive from the three scenarios considered: the increase in Moroccan GDP as a result of this investment could be around 1.2–1.7 points and, on average, 42,000 new jobs could be created.

scholarly journals Press–pulse interactions and long‐term community dynamics in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Collins ◽  
Y. Anny Chung ◽  
Lauren E. Baur ◽  
Alesia Hallmark ◽  
Timothy J. Ohlert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Desert Grassland

Direct and indirect effects of long-term fertilization on the stability of the persistent seed bank

2019 ◽  
Vol 438 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Zhang ◽  
Charles G. Willis ◽  
Zhen Ma ◽  
Miaojun Ma ◽  
Péter Csontos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Persistent Seed Bank

scholarly journals Long-term nutrient addition increased CH4 emission from a bog through direct and indirect effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Juutinen ◽  
Tim R. Moore ◽  
Jill L. Bubier ◽  
Sini Arnkil ◽  
Elyn Humphreys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Nutrient Addition ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects

Direct and indirect effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation on long-term decomposition

2005 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 051006062331002-??? ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica A. Pancotto ◽  
Osvaldo E. Sala ◽  
T. Matthew Robson ◽  
Martyn M. Caldwell ◽  
Ana L. Scopel
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet
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