Applying the handprint approach to assess the air pollutant reduction potential of paraffinic renewable diesel fuel in the car fleet of the city of Helsinki

Understanding the magnitude and distribution of the mixes of the near-ground carbon dioxide (CO2) components spatially (related to the surface characteristics) and temporally (over seasonal timescales) is critical to evaluating present and future climate impacts. Thus, the application of in situ measurement approaches, combined with the spatial interpolation methods, will help to explore variations in source contribution to the total CO2 mixing ratios in the urban atmosphere. This study presents the spatial characteristic and temporal trend of atmospheric CO2 levels observed within the city of Wroclaw, Poland for the July 2017–August 2018 period. The seasonal variability of atmospheric CO2 around the city was directly measured at the selected sites using flask sampling with a Picarro G2201-I Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) technique. The current work aimed at determining the accuracy of the interpolation techniques and adjusting the interpolation parameters for estimating the magnitude of CO2 time series/seasonal variability in terms of limited observations during the vegetation and non-vegetation periods. The objective was to evaluate how different interpolation methods will affect the assessment of air pollutant levels in the urban environment and identify the optimal sampling strategy. The study discusses the schemes for optimization of the interpolation results that may be adopted in areas where no observations are available, which is based on the kriging error predictions for an appropriate spatial density of measurement locations. Finally, the interpolation results were extended regarding the average prediction bias by exploring additional experimental configurations and introducing the limitation of the future sampling strategy on the seasonal representation of the CO2 levels in the urban area.

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Seasonality of the levels of particulate matter PM10 air pollutant in the city of Ruse, Bulgaria

10.1063/5.0033628 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

E. Veleva ◽

I. R. Georgiev

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

The City

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Diethyl Ether (DEE) as a Renewable Diesel Fuel

10.4271/972978 ◽

1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Brent Bailey ◽

James Eberhardt ◽

Steve Goguen ◽

Jimell Erwin

Keyword(s):

Diethyl Ether ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Renewable Diesel

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Study on mapping ozone pollution and ozone pollution regime in Cantho city then propose solutions to reduce ozone pollution

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v1i6.635 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

pp. 247-257

Author(s):

Bang Quoc Ho ◽

Tam Thoai Nguyen ◽

Khue Hoang Ngoc Vu

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Ozone Concentration ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollutant Emissions ◽

Ozone Pollution ◽

Sensitive Areas ◽

Study Results ◽

Can Tho City ◽

The City

Can Tho City is one the 5th largest city in Vietnam, with hight rate of economic growth and densely populated with 1,251,809 people, butsling traffic activities with 566,593 motobikes and 15,105 cars and hundreds of factories. The air in Can Tho city is polluted by dust and ozone. However, Can Tho city currently does not have a study on the simulation air pollution spread, therefore we do not have an overview on the status of air pollution in order to do not have solutions to limit the increase of pollution status of the city. The purpose of this study is to collect air pollutant emissions from other study. After that, TAPOM model is used to simulate the effects of ozone on the surrounding areas and study the ozone regime in Cantho city. The study results showed that the highest ozone concentration for an hour everage is 196 μg/m3. Compare with national technical regulation about ambient air QCVN 5:2013/BTNMT, ozone concentration is approximately at the allowable limit. The study of ozone regime had identified that VOC sensitive areas are Ninh Kieu district and a part in the south of Binh Thuy district, and NOx sensitive areas are the rested areas of Cantho city. The main cause contributing to increased VOC emission in the central area of the city is motorcycles, NOx emissions in the remaining areas of Cantho city are from the rice production factories. Proposals to protect the air quality in Cantho city are suggested.

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Assessment of PM10 in Aurangabad City of Central India

International Journal of Environment ◽

10.3126/ije.v5i2.15007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 61-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Geetanjali Kaushik ◽

Arvind Chel ◽

Sangeeta Shinde ◽

Ashish Gadekar

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Tall Buildings ◽

Central India ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Traffic Density ◽

High Pollution ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The City

Almost 670 million people comprising 54.5% of our population reside in regions that do not meet the Indian NAAQS for fine particulate matter. Numerous studies have revealed a consistent correlation for particulate matter concentration with health than any other air pollutant. Aurangabad city a rapidly growing city with population of 1.5 million is home to five major industrial areas, the city is also known for its historical monuments which might also be adversely affected from air pollution. Therefore, this research aims at estimating PM10 concentrations at several locations across Aurangabad. The concentration of PM10 was highest at the Railway Station followed by Waluj (an industrial zone) and City chowk is the centre of the city which has high population, tall buildings, few open spaces which causes high congestion and does not allow the particulates to disperse. Other locations with high concentrations of PM are Mill corner, Harsul T-point, Kranti Chowk, Seven Hill, TV centre and Beed Bye pass. All these locations have narrow roads, high traffic density, poor road condition with pot holes and few crossing points which cause congestion and vehicle idling which are responsible for high pollution. Therefore, it is evident that air pollution is a serious issue in the city which may be further aggravated if it is not brought under control. Hence, strategies have to be adopted for combating the menace of air pollution.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-5, Issue-2, March-May 2016, Page :61-74

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Indoor air quality and health in schools

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37132014000300009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 259-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ana Maria da Conceição Ferreira ◽

Massano Cardoso

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Reference Value ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

The City

Objective: To determine whether indoor air quality in schools is associated with the prevalence of allergic and respiratory diseases in children. Methods: We evaluated 1,019 students at 51 elementary schools in the city of Coimbra, Portugal. We applied a questionnaire that included questions regarding the demographic, social, and behavioral characteristics of students, as well as the presence of smoking in the family. We also evaluated the indoor air quality in the schools. Results: In the indoor air of the schools evaluated, we identified mean concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) above the maximum reference value, especially during the fall and winter. The CO2 concentration was sometimes as high as 1,942 ppm, implying a considerable health risk for the children. The most prevalent symptoms and respiratory diseases identified in the children were sneezing, rales, wheezing, rhinitis, and asthma. Other signs and symptoms, such as poor concentration, cough, headache, and irritation of mucous membranes, were identified. Lack of concentration was associated with CO2 concentrations above the maximum recommended level in indoor air (p = 0.002). There were no other significant associations. Conclusions: Most of the schools evaluated presented with reasonable air quality and thermal comfort. However, the concentrations of various pollutants, especially CO2, suggest the need for corrective interventions, such as reducing air pollutant sources and improving ventilation. There was a statistically significant association between lack of concentration in the children and exposure to high levels of CO2. The overall low level of pollution in the city of Coimbra might explain the lack of other significant associations.

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Effects of Fuel Quantity on Soot Formation Process for Biomass-Based Renewable Diesel Fuel Combustion

ASME 2016 Internal Combustion Engine Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2016-9380 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Jing ◽

Zengyang Wu ◽

William L. Roberts ◽

Tiegang Fang

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Formation Process ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Soot Formation ◽

Injection Pressure ◽

Soot Temperature ◽

Renewable Diesel ◽

Constant Volume Combustion Chamber ◽

Kl Factor ◽

Soot Measurement

Soot formation process was investigated for biomass-based renewable diesel fuel, such as biomass to liquid (BTL), and conventional diesel combustion under varied fuel quantities injected into a constant volume combustion chamber. Soot measurement was implemented by two-color pyrometry under quiescent type diesel engine conditions (1000 K and 21% O2 concentration). Different fuel quantities, which correspond to different injection widths from 0.5 ms to 2 ms under constant injection pressure (1000 bar), were used to simulate different loads in engines. For a given fuel, soot temperature and KL factor show a different trend at initial stage for different fuel quantities, where a higher soot temperature can be found in a small fuel quantity case but a higher KL factor is observed in a large fuel quantity case generally. Another difference occurs at the end of combustion due to the termination of fuel injection. Additionally, BTL flame has a lower soot temperature, especially under a larger fuel quantity (2 ms injection width). Meanwhile, average soot level is lower for BTL flame, especially under a lower fuel quantity (0.5 ms injection width). BTL shows an overall low sooting behavior with low soot temperature compared to diesel, however, trade-off between soot level and soot temperature needs to be carefully selected when different loads are used.

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