scholarly journals Normal menstrual cycle steroid hormones variation does not affect the blood levels of total adiponectin and its multimer forms

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantia Chatzidimitriou ◽  
Sofia G. Gougoura ◽  
Alexandra Bargiota ◽  
George N. Koukoulis
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Adiponectin ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Circulating blood levels of gonadotropins and prolactin in the normal menstrual cycle

1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Dada ◽  
O.A. Ladipo ◽  
B.O. Osotimehin ◽  
E.U. Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON PREGNANEDIOL EXCRETION DURING THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1957 ◽  
Vol 24 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S207
Author(s):  
A. Klopper
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
New Method ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New View

Abstract The changes in view on the significance and amount of urinary pregnanediol in the menstrual cycle are reviewed; in particular the effects of the discovery that the adrenals in both sexes normally contribute to the urinary pregnanediol. Pregnanediol excretion during the menstrual cycle was studied by means of a new method of assay (Klopper et al., 1955) and the results applied to present day concepts of the growth and duration of the corpus luteum. The relationship between pregnanediol excretion and ovulation or the onset of menstrual bleeding was studied. A new view is put forward on the influence of age and parity on the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum.

Hormone levels in the normal menstrual cycle

Reproduction ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Newton ◽  
D Joyce ◽  
B Pearce ◽  
C Revell ◽  
J Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Effectiveness of zona pellucida protein ZPB as an immunocontraceptive antigen

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Martinez ◽  
JD Harris
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Immunization of female mammals with native zona pellucida (ZP) proteins is known to cause infertility. Since each human ZP protein is now available as a purified recombinant protein, is it possible to compare the immunocontraceptive potential of each ZP protein. A breeding study was conducted in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis) after immunization with recombinant human ZP (rhZP) proteins (ZPA, ZPB, ZPC) separately and in combinations. This study demonstrated that immunization with recombinant human ZPB (rhZPB) protein caused cynomolgus monkeys to become infertile for 9-35 months. A second study was conducted in baboons (Papio cynocephalus), which yielded a similar result. The baboons immunized with rhZPB became infertile for 9 to > 20 months. During the time of maximum antibody titre, some animals experienced disruption of the menstrual cycle, but eventually all of the animals resumed normal menstrual cycles. Control animals and animals immunized with other rhZP proteins all became pregnant before any of the rhZPB-treated animals. This is the first study in which a recombinant ZP protein has consistently induced infertility in a primate without permanent disruption of the normal menstrual cycle.

Changes in copper and zinc plasma concentrations during the normal menstrual cycle in women

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Constantinos Michos ◽  
Vasiliki Kalfakakou ◽  
Spyridon Karkabounas ◽  
Dimitrios Kiortsis ◽  
Aggelos Evangelou
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Does the menstrual cycle influence the sensitivity of vagally mediated baroreflexes?

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. COOKE ◽  
David A. LUDWIG ◽  
Paul S. HOGG ◽  
Dwain L. ECKBERG ◽  
Victor A. CONVERTINO
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cardiac Regulation ◽  
Neck Pressure ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

The menstrual cycle provokes several physiological changes that could influence autonomic regulatory mechanisms. We studied the carotid-cardiac baroreflex in ten healthy young women on four occasions over the course of their menstrual cycles (days 0-8, 9-14, 15-20 and 21-25). We drew blood during each session for analysis of oestrogen, progesterone and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) levels, and assessed carotid-cardiac baroreflex function by analysing R-R interval responses to graded neck pressure sequences. Oestrogen levels followed a classical two-peak (cubic) response, with elevated levels on days 9-14 and 21-25 compared with days 0-8 and 15-20 (P =0.0032), while progesterone levels increased exponentially from days 9-14 to days 21-25 (P = 0.0063). Noradrenaline levels increased from an average of 137pg/ml during the first three measurement periods to 199pg/ml during days 21-25 (P = 0.0456). Carotid-cardiac baroreflex gain and operational point were not statistically different at any of the time points during the menstrual cycle (P⩾0.18). These findings are consistent with the notion that beat-to-beat vagal-cardiac regulation does not change over the course of the normal menstrual cycle.

CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF PITUITARY AND STEROID HORMONES IN THE FOLLICULAR FLUID OF HUMAN GRAAFIAN FOLLICLES THROUGHOUT THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. McNATTY ◽  
W. M. HUNTER ◽  
A. S. McNEILLY ◽  
R. S. SAWERS
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Late Follicular Phase

SUMMARY The concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone were measured in peripheral plasma and follicular fluid of women throughout the menstrual cycle. With the exception of prolactin, concentrations of pituitary and steroid hormones in follicular fluid correlated with those in peripheral plasma. Follicle-stimulating hormone was present in a greater number of small follicles ( < 8 mm) during or just after the peaks of FSH in peripheral plasma. During the mid-follicular phase the concentration of both FSH and oestradiol in fluid from large follicles ( ≥ 8 mm) was high. During the late follicular phase the large follicles ( ≥ 8 mm) contained high amounts of progesterone in addition to oestradiol, low physiological levels of prolactin, and concentrations of LH and FSH about 30 and 60% respectively of those found in plasma. By contrast no large 'active' follicles ( ≥ 8 mm) were found during the luteal phase although many contained both LH and FSH. Luteinizing hormone was present in a proportion of small follicles ( < 8 mm) during the late follicular and early luteal but not at other stages of the menstrual cycle. It is suggested that a precise sequence of hormonal changes occur within the microenvironment of the developing Graafian follicle; the order in which they occur may be of considerable importance for the growth of that follicle and secretory activity of the granulosa cells both before and after ovulation.

Vaginal Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Key Points Abnormal uterine bleeding refers to bleeding that is excessive or occurs outside normal cyclic menstruationAnovulatory uterine bleeding is the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding adolescents within 1–2 years of menarche.It is important to exclude pregnancy and infections prior to initiating treatment for anovulatory bleedingGoals of management for abnormal uterine bleeding include return to pattern of normal menstrual cycle and prevention of anemia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document