scholarly journals Comparisons of the killing effect of direct current partially mediated by reactive oxygen species on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in planktonic state and biofilm state – an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peihui Zou ◽  
Pei Cao ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Qingxian Luan
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Killing Effect ◽  
Planktonic State

scholarly journals In vitro study of reactive oxygen species production during photodynamic therapy in ultrasound- pretreated cancer cells

2007 ◽  
pp. S27-S32
Author(s):  
H Kolářová ◽  
R Bajgár ◽  
K Tománková ◽  
E Krestyn ◽  
L Doležal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species

Several recent studies bring evidence of cell death enhancement in photodynamic compound loaded cells by ultrasonic treatment. There are a number of hypotheses suggesting the mechanism of the harmful ultrasonic effect. One of them considers a process in the activation of photosensitizers by ultrasonic energy. Because the basis of the photodynamic damaging effect on cells consists in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we focused our study on whether the ultrasound can increase ROS production within cancer cells. Particularly, we studied ROS formation in ultrasound pretreated breast adenocarcinoma cells during photodynamic therapy in the presence of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate (ClAlPcS2). Production of ROS was investigated by the molecular probe CM-H2DCFDA. Our results show that ClAlPcS2 induces higher ROS production in the ultrasound pretreated cell lines at a concentration of 100 microM and light intensity of 2 mW/cm2. We also observed a dependence of ROS production on photosensitizer concentration and light dose. These results demonstrate that the photodynamic effect on breast cancer cells can be enhanced by ultrasound pretreatment.

scholarly journals Activation of p47phox as a Mechanism of Bupivacaine-Induced Burst Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Neural Toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-jie Li ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Xu-jiao Yu ◽  
Feng-xian Li ◽  
Zi-ting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Membrane Translocation

Bupivacaine has been shown to induce neurotoxicity through inducing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. NOX2 is one of the most important sources of ROS in the nervous system, and its activation requires the membrane translocation of subunit p47phox. However, the role of p47phox in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity has not been explored. In our in vitro study, cultured human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with 1.5 mM bupivacaine to induce neurotoxicity. Membrane translocation of p47phox was assessed by measuring the cytosol/membrane ratio of p47phox. The effects of the NOX inhibitor VAS2870 and p47phox-siRNA on bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of VAS2870 on bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity was assessed in vivo in rats. All these changes were reversed by pretreatment with VAS2870 or transfection with p47phox-siRNA in SH-SY5Y cells. Similarly, pretreatment with VAS2870 attenuated bupivacaine-induced neuronal toxicity in rats. It is concluded that enhancing p47phox membrane translocation is a major mechanism whereby bupivacaine induced neurotoxicity and that pretreatment with VAS2870 or local p47phox gene knockdown attenuated bupivacaine-induced neuronal cell injury.

Enhanced Effect of Clarithromycin on Neutrophil Function In Vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Akamatsu ◽  
Y Niwa ◽  
H Sasaki ◽  
Y Asada ◽  
T Horio
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Oxygen Species

An in vitro study was carried out to investigate the effect of clarithromycin, a new oral macrolide, on neutrophil reactive oxygen species generation and chemotaxis. It was found that neutrophil-generated 02−, H202 and OH· levels were significantly increased by clarithromycin at concentrations of 50 μg/ml ( P < 0.05). The drug also significantly increased chemotaxis ( P < 0.05). These results indicate that clarithromycin may enhance the activation of neutrophils in vivo.

scholarly journals The Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Blueberry and Blackcurrant Powder on Oat Bran Pastes: Enhancing In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Xiao Dan Hui ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Duo Han ◽  
Xi Gong ◽  
Xi Yang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Oat Bran

In this study, blueberry and blackcurrant powder were chosen as the phenolic-rich enrichments for oat bran. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to form blueberry and blackcurrant enriched oat pastes. An in vitro digestion process evaluated the changes of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant potential of extracts of pastes. The anthocyanidin profiles in the extracts were characterised by the pH differential method. The results showed that blueberry and blackcurrant powder significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of pastes, while the total flavonoid content decreased after digestion compared to the undigested samples. Strong correlations between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant values were observed. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the intracellular antioxidant activity of the extracts from the digested oat bran paste with 25% enrichment of blueberry or blackcurrant powder. The results indicated that the extracts of digested pastes prevented the macrophages from experiencing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mainly by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the bioactive ingredients from blueberry and blackcurrant powder enhanced the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant capacity of oat bran pastes, and these enriched pastes have the potential to be utilised in the development of the functional foods.

scholarly journals Targeting autophagy enhances atezolizumab-induced mitochondria-related apoptosis in osteosarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuochao Liu ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Chuanzhen Hu ◽  
Chuanlong Wu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Jnk Pathway ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

AbstractIn this study, we identified the multifaceted effects of atezolizumab, a specific monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, in tumor suppression except for restoring antitumor immunity, and investigated the promising ways to improve its efficacy. Atezolizumab could inhibit the proliferation and induce immune-independent apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. With further exploration, we found that atezolizumab could impair mitochondria of osteosarcoma cells, resulting in increased release of reactive oxygen species and cytochrome-c, eventually leading to mitochondrial-related apoptosis via activating JNK pathway. Nevertheless, the excessive release of reactive oxygen species also activated the protective autophagy of osteosarcoma cells. Therefore, when we combined atezolizumab with autophagy inhibitors, the cytotoxic effect of atezolizumab on osteosarcoma cells was significantly enhanced in vitro. Further in vivo experiments also confirmed that atezolizumab combined with chloroquine achieved the most significant antitumor effect. Taken together, our study indicates that atezolizumab can induce mitochondrial-related apoptosis and protective autophagy independently of the immune system, and targeting autophagy is a promising combinatorial approach to amplify its cytotoxicity.

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