Long-term straw return with N addition alters reactive nitrogen runoff loss and the bacterial community during rice growth stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 112772
Author(s):  
Shijie Zhang ◽  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Dejian Wang ◽  
Qin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Reactive Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Nitrogen Runoff ◽  
Nitrogen Runoff Loss

scholarly journals Effect of long-term application of manure and mineral fertilizers on nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass in paddy soil during rice growth stages

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
J. Qin ◽  
W. Yao ◽  
L. Bi ◽  
T. Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Significant Difference

Net N mineralization rate (NMR), net N consumption rate (NCR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and mineral N (N-NH<SUP>+</SUP><SUB>4</SUB> and N-NO<SUP>-</SUP><SUB>3</SUB>) were measured in paddy soil at five growth stages of rice to determine the effect of long-term fertilization in subtropical China. The studied long-term treatments included CK (no fertilization), N, NP, NPK and NPK + OM (NPK plus organic manure). The NPK + OM treatment gave the highest values of the measured variables among all treatments. There was no significant difference in other treatments except for mineral N and PMN at early growth stages. All these variables were generally highest at transplanting stage as two thirds of fertilization was applied as basal fertilizers and the rice uptake was low. Then they decreased or leveled off with the rice growth stages except for MN in all treatments. Stepwise regression revealed that NMR was significantly correlated with MBC and N-NH<SUP>+</SUP><SUB>4</SUB> (<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0.954, <I>P</I> < 0.01) at all rice growth stages. So, mineral plus manure fertilizer application and more mineral fertilizer as topdressing were recommended in subtropical paddy soil.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of maize straw return and manure on the microbial community in cinnamon soil in Northern China using 16S rRNA sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249884
Author(s):  
Zhiping Liu ◽  
Huaiping Zhou ◽  
Wenyan Xie ◽  
Zhenxing Yang ◽  
Qianqian Lv
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
Straw Return

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural practices have demonstrated a significant impact on microbial diversity and community in soil by altering soil physical and chemical properties, thereby leading to a certain degree of soil salinization and nutritional imbalances. As an organic amendment, maize straw has been widely used to improve soil quality; however, its effect on the soil bacterial community remains limited in Calcarie-Fluvie Cambisols soil in semi-humid arid plateau of North China. In the present experiment, we investigated the effects of continuous straw utilization and fertilization on bacterial communities in Shouyang, Shanxi province, China. Soil samples were collected from 5 different straw utilization and fertilization modes in the following ways: straw mulching (SM), straw crushing (SC), cattle manure (CM), in which way straw is firstly used as silage and then organic fertilizer, control with no straw return (NSR), and control without fertilizers (CK), same amount of N+P fertilizer was applied to the regimes except CK. High-throughput sequencing approaches were applied to the V3-V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA for analysis of the bacterial abundance and community structures. Different long-term straw returning regimes significantly altered the physicochemical properties and bacterial communities of soil, among which CM had the most significant effects on soil fertility and bacterial diversity. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes were consistently dominant in all soil samples, and Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed significant association of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and available potassium (AK) with alternation of the bacterial community. Cattle manure had the most beneficial effects on soil fertility and bacterial diversity among different straw utilization and fertilization modes.

Soil remediation approach and bacterial community structure in a long-term contaminated soil by a mining spill (Aznalcóllar, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 145128
Author(s):  
M. Paniagua-López ◽  
M. Vela-Cano ◽  
D. Correa-Galeote ◽  
F. Martín-Peinado ◽  
F.J. Martínez Garzón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure

scholarly journals Impact of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Respiratory Pseudomonas on VAP and VAE During Long-Term Acute Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s258-s259
Author(s):  
James Harrigan ◽  
Ebbing Lautenbach ◽  
Emily Reesey ◽  
Magda Wernovsky ◽  
Pam Tolomeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Background: Clinically diagnosed ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is common in the long-term acute-care hospital (LTACH) setting and may contribute to adverse ventilator-associated events (VAEs). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common causative organism of VAP. We evaluated the impact of respiratory P. aeruginosa colonization and bacterial community dominance, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, on subsequent P. aeruginosa VAP and VAE events during long-term acute care. Methods: We enrolled 83 patients on LTACH admission for ventilator weaning, performed longitudinal sampling of endotracheal aspirates followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina HiSeq), and bacterial community profiling (QIIME2). Statistical analysis was performed with R and Stan; mixed-effects models were fit to relate the abundance of respiratory Psa on admission to clinically diagnosed VAP and VAE events. Results: Of the 83 patients included, 12 were diagnosed with P. aeruginosa pneumonia during the 14 days prior to LTACH admission (known P. aeruginosa), and 22 additional patients received anti–P. aeruginosa antibiotics within 48 hours of admission (suspected P. aeruginosa); 49 patients had no known or suspected P. aeruginosa (unknown P. aeruginosa). Among the known P. aeruginosa group, all 12 patients had P. aeruginosa detectable by 16S sequencing, with elevated admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance (median, 0.97; IQR, 0.33–1). Among the suspected P. aeruginosa group, all 22 patients had P. aeruginosa detectable by 16S sequencing, with a wide range of admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance (median, 0.0088; IQR, 0.00012–0.31). Of the 49 patients in the unknown group, 47 also had detectable respiratory Psa, and many had high P. aeruginosa proportional abundance at admission (median, 0.014; IQR, 0.00025–0.52). Incident P. aeruginosa VAP was observed within 30 days in 4 of the known P. aeruginosa patients (33.3%), 5 of the suspected P. aeruginosa patients (22.7%), and 8 of the unknown P. aeruginosa patients (16.3%). VAE was observed within 30 days in 1 of the known P. aeruginosa patients (8.3%), 2 of the suspected P. aeruginosa patients (9.1%), and 1 of the unknown P. aeruginosa patients (2%). Admission P. aeruginosa abundance was positively associated with VAP and VAE risk in all groups, but the association only achieved statistical significance in the unknown group (type S error <0.002 for 30-day VAP and <0.011 for 30-day VAE). Conclusions: We identified a high prevalence of unrecognized respiratory P. aeruginosa colonization among patients admitted to LTACH for weaning from mechanical ventilation. The admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance was strongly associated with increased risk of incident P. aeruginosa VAP among these patients.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Bacterial Community Structure in a Mollisol Under Long-Term Natural Restoration, Cropping, and Bare Fallow History Estimated by PCR-DGGE

Pedosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Hua WANG ◽  
Jian JIN ◽  
Jun-Jie LIU ◽  
Xue-Li CHEN ◽  
Ju-Dong LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Bare Fallow
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