Enzymolysis peptides from Mauremys mutica plastron improve the disorder of neurotransmitter system and facilitate sleep-promoting in the PCPA-induced insomnia mice

Mood disorders represent a pressing public health issue and significant source of disability throughout the world. The classical monoamine hypothesis, while useful in developing improved understanding and clinical treatments, has not fully captured the complex nature underlying mood disorders. Despite these shortcomings, the monoamine hypothesis continues to dominate the conceptual framework when approaching mood disorders. However, recent advances in basic and clinical research have led to a greater appreciation for the role that amino acid neurotransmitters play in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and as potential targets for novel therapies. In this article we review progress of compounds that focus on these systems. We cover both glutamate-targeting drugs such as: esketamine, AVP-786, REL-1017, AXS-05, rapastinel (GLYX-13), AV-101, NRX-101; as well as GABA-targeting drugs such as: brexanolone (SAGE-547), ganaxolone, zuranolone (SAGE-217), and PRAX-114. We focus the review on phase-II and phase-III clinical trials and evaluate the extant data and progress of these compounds.

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The mitochondrial genomes of three lineages of Asian yellow pond turtle, Mauremys mutica

Mitochondrial DNA Part A ◽

10.3109/19401736.2015.1033700 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 2466-2467 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jian Zhao ◽

Wei Li ◽

Dandan Zhang ◽

Ping Wen ◽

Xinping Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Genomes ◽

Pond Turtle ◽

Asian Yellow Pond Turtle ◽

Mauremys Mutica

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A Putative Vesicular Transporter Expressed in Drosophila Mushroom Bodies that Mediates Sexual Behavior May Define a Neurotransmitter System

Neuron ◽

10.1016/j.neuron.2011.08.032 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 316-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Elizabeth S. Brooks ◽

Christina L. Greer ◽

Rafael Romero-Calderón ◽

Christine N. Serway ◽

Anna Grygoruk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Behavior ◽

Mushroom Bodies ◽

Neurotransmitter System ◽

Vesicular Transporter

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Cannabis, a complex plant: different compounds and different effects on individuals

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/2045125312457586 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 241-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 126

Author(s):

Zerrin Atakan

Keyword(s):

Endocannabinoid System ◽

The Body ◽

Vulnerability Factors ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Biochemical Basis ◽

Neurotransmitter System ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Opposing Effects ◽

Available Information ◽

The Brain

Cannabis is a complex plant, with major compounds such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, which have opposing effects. The discovery of its compounds has led to the further discovery of an important neurotransmitter system called the endocannabinoid system. This system is widely distributed in the brain and in the body, and is considered to be responsible for numerous significant functions. There has been a recent and consistent worldwide increase in cannabis potency, with increasing associated health concerns. A number of epidemiological research projects have shown links between dose-related cannabis use and an increased risk of development of an enduring psychotic illness. However, it is also known that not everyone who uses cannabis is affected adversely in the same way. What makes someone more susceptible to its negative effects is not yet known, however there are some emerging vulnerability factors, ranging from certain genes to personality characteristics. In this article we first provide an overview of the biochemical basis of cannabis research by examining the different effects of the two main compounds of the plant and the endocannabinoid system, and then go on to review available information on the possible factors explaining variation of its effects upon different individuals.

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The Short-Term Effect of Background Color on the Growth Traits of Asian Yellow Pond Turtle (Mauremys mutica )

Open Journal of Fisheries Research ◽

10.12677/ojfr.2021.83016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 08 (03) ◽

pp. 136-142

Author(s):

青青黄

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Term Effect ◽

Background Color ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Effect ◽

Pond Turtle ◽

Asian Yellow Pond Turtle ◽

Mauremys Mutica

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Neuromodulation of Dendritic Action Potentials

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1999.81.1.408 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 408-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Dax A. Hoffman ◽

Daniel Johnston

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Action Potential ◽

Action Potentials ◽

Acetylcholine Receptors ◽

Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽

Action Potential Amplitude ◽

Neurotransmitter System ◽

Potential Amplitude ◽

Hippocampal Ca1 ◽

Dopaminergic Neurotransmitter

Hoffman, Dax A. and Daniel Johnston. Neuromodulation of dendritic action potentials. J. Neurophysiol. 81: 408–411, 1999. The extent to which regenerative action potentials invade hippocampal CA1 pyramidal dendrites is dependent on both recent activity and distance from the soma. Previously, we have shown that the amplitude of back-propagating dendritic action potentials can be increased by activating either protein kinase A (PKA) or protein kinase C (PKC) and a subsequent depolarizing shift in the activation curve for dendritic K+ channels. Physiologically, an increase in intracellular PKA and PKC would be expected upon activation of β-adrenergic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, respectively. Accordingly, we report here that activation of either of these neurotransmitter systems results in an increase in dendritic action-potential amplitude. Activation of the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system, which is also expected to raise intracellular adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and PKA levels, increased action-potential amplitude in only a subpopulation of neurons tested.

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