The role of firing temperature, firing time and quartz grain size on phase-formation, thermal dilatation and water absorption in sanitary-ware vitreous bodies

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1353-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bernasconi ◽  
V. Diella ◽  
A. Pagani ◽  
A. Pavese ◽  
F. Francescon ◽  
...  
2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apirat Theerapapvisetpong ◽  
Siripan Nilpairach

Ceramic manufacturers are finding the way to decrease firing temperature and recover their wastes in order to keep production costs down. In this study earthenware ceramic bodies were prepared by adding a soda-lime glass grinding effluent powder (dried sludge) as a fluxing agent at 0–50 wt.% into either sanitary ware sludge powder (from a sanitary ware manufacturing process) or fresh pottery clay from Ang-thong, Thailand. The dried and pressed mixtures were fired at 1100, 1125 and 1150 °C and tested for the firing shrinkage, modulus of rupture, water absorption and bulk density. The formed product microstructure was observed by the scanning electron microscopy, and the phase composition was characterized by X-ray diffractometer. The results revealed that the best condition for adding the glass powder in Ang-thong pottery clay was the inclusion of 10 wt.% soda-lime glass effluent powder in the pottery clay. Its flexural strength increased from 51.25 MPa to 93.40 MPa after firing at 1125 °C with the water absorption of 0.42 wt.% and the firing shrinkage of 10.25 %. The optimum firing temperature and soda-lime glass content in sanitary ware sludge were 1150 °C and 20 wt.%, respectively. Its flexural strength increased from 103.16 MPa to 118.16 MPa with the water absorption of 0.52 wt.% and the firing shrinkage of 13.67 %. The results illustrated the potential to use soda-lime glass cutting sludge and sanitary ware sludge as raw materials for earthenware ceramic body.


Wear ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 203678
Author(s):  
Vahid Javaheri ◽  
Oskari Haiko ◽  
Saeed Sadeghpour ◽  
Kati Valtonen ◽  
Jukka Kömi ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4342-4355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Turner ◽  
Richard F. Katz ◽  
Mark D. Behn ◽  
Tobias Keller

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Dhinar Patliani ◽  
Dian Purbasari

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ​​ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ​​ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ​​ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ​​ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ​​ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ​​ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ​​ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ​​ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ​​ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ​​ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.


Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angella ◽  
Donnini ◽  
Ripamonti ◽  
Górny ◽  
Zanardi

Tensile testing on ductile iron GJS 400 with different microstructures produced through four different cooling rates was performed in order to investigate the relevance of the microstructure’s parameters on its plastic behaviour. Tensile flow curve modelling was carried out with the Follansbee and Estrin-Kocks-Mecking approach that allowed for an explicit correlation between plastic behaviour and some microstructure parameters. In the model, the ferritic grain size and volume fraction of pearlite and ferrite gathered in the first part of this investigation were used as inputs, while other parameters, like nodule count and interlamellar spacing in pearlite, were neglected. The model matched very well with the experimental flow curves at high strains, while some mismatch was found only at small strains, which was ascribed to the decohesion between the graphite nodules and the ferritic matrix that occurred just after yielding. It can be concluded that the plastic behaviour of GJS 400 depends mainly on the ferritic grain size and pearlitic volume fraction, and other microstructure parameters can be neglected, primarily because of their high nodularity and few defects.


1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1928-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiderio Kovar ◽  
Michael J. Readey

2011 ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Jonjaua Ranogajec ◽  
Sinisa Markov ◽  
Ognjen Rudic ◽  
Snezana Vucetic ◽  
Vilma Ducman

The wettability of clay roofing tiles as a surface phenomenon plays a key role considering their deterioration process during exploitation. The experimental investigations in this paper were performed combining the data of the material-relevant parameters and the surface wetting properties in order to assess clay roofing tiles biodurability. The fungus Aspergillusniger was used as a model microorganism whose colonization and growth, during a period of 28 days on the tiles fired at two temperatures (900 and 1020?C), was analyzed. The paper confirms that the colonization of the tiles with the fungus goes through two stages: up to the 18th day, based on the surface characteristics, and after the 18th day when the textural characteristics (values of water absorption) are the dominant parameters.


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