scholarly journals Overexpression of ginseng cytochrome P450 CYP736A12 alters plant growth and confers phenylurea herbicide tolerance in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjida Khanom ◽  
Jinhoon Jang ◽  
Ok Ran Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Phenylurea Herbicide

Variation in tolerance mechanisms to fluazifop-P-butyl among selected zoysiagrass lines

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Liu ◽  
Gregory E. MacDonald ◽  
J. Bryan Unruh ◽  
Kevin E. Kenworthy ◽  
Laurie E. Trenholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Susceptible Line ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Biomass Reduction ◽  
New Cultivars

AbstractBreeding herbicide tolerance into new cultivars can improve safety and weed control in turfgrass systems. The sensitivity to fluazifop-P-butyl of 27 zoysiagrass (Zoysiaspp.) lines was screened under greenhouse conditions to identify potential tolerant germplasm for breeding programs. The herbicide rate that caused 50% biomass reduction (GR50) and the rate that caused 50% injury (ID50) were calculated to select the three most-tolerant and the five most-susceptible lines for studying the physiological mechanisms responsible for fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance. The differences in GR50and ID50between susceptible and tolerant lines ranged from 4-fold to more than 10-fold. Cytochrome P450–mediated metabolism was not detected in fluazifop-P-butyl–tolerant lines. Sequencing of theACCasegene confirmed that none of the seven previously reported mutations conferring resistance to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides in other species were present in any of the tolerant or susceptible zoysiagrass lines studied. An Ala-2073-Thr substitution was identified in two tolerant lines, but this mutation did not completely explain the tolerant phenotype. No clear differences in absorption and translocation rates of14C-radiolabeled fluazifop-P-butyl were observed among most lines, with the exception of a susceptible line that exhibited greater translocation than two of the tolerant lines. Metabolite profiles did not differ between tolerant and susceptible lines. Our results suggest that the diversity in tolerance to fluazifop-P-butyl in zoysiagrass germplasm is most likely the result of a combination of different, minor, additive non–target site mechanisms such as translocation rate and compartmentation after absorption.

scholarly journals The maize lilliputian1 (lil1) gene, encoding a brassinosteroid cytochrome P450 C-6 oxidase, is involved in plant growth and drought response

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Castorina ◽  
Martina Persico ◽  
Massimo Zilio ◽  
Stefano Sangiorgio ◽  
Laura Carabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Gene Encoding

scholarly journals Roles of cytochromes P450 in plant reproductive development

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelén Mariana Distéfano ◽  
Nicolás Setzes ◽  
Milagros Cascallares ◽  
Diego F. Fiol ◽  
Eduardo Zabaleta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Plant Reproductive Development ◽  
Structural Polymers

The cytochrome P450 superfamily is a large enzymatic protein family that is widely distributed along diverse kingdoms. In plants, CYPs participate in a vast array of pathways leading to the synthesis and modification of multiple metabolites with variable and important functions during different stages of plant development. This includes the biosynthesis and degradation of a great assortment of compounds implicated in a variety of physiological responses such as signaling and defense, organ patterning and the biosynthesis of structural polymers among others. In this review we summarize the characteristics of the different families of plant CYPs, focusing on the most recent advances in elucidating the roles of CYPs in plant growth and development and more specifically, during plant gametogenesis, fertilization and embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Efficient Synthesis of the Plant Growth Regulator Ancymidol

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Heiko Patzelt
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
High Price ◽  
Efficient Synthesis

The important cytochrome P450 inhibitor ancymidol is used as a plant growth retardant and has potential for various medicinal applications. However its high price sets economic limits to large-scale applications. Here a short and high-yielding synthesis is reported, providing ancymidol in substantial amounts in a cost- and time-efficient way.  

scholarly journals Genetic Basis for Varied Levels of Injury to Sweet Corn Hybrids from Three Cytochrome P450-metabolized Herbicides

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald K. Pataky ◽  
Michael D. Meyer ◽  
Joseph D. Bollman ◽  
Chris M. Boerboom ◽  
Martin M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Intermediate Response ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
The University ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Some sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids and inbreds can be severely injured or killed after postemergence applications of certain P450-metabolized herbicides. Consequently, existing hybrids are regularly evaluated for tolerance to new herbicides, and new hybrids are evaluated for tolerance to existing herbicides. In 2005 and 2006, the University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension Service coordinated 12 trials in six states in which a total of 149 sweet corn hybrids were evaluated for tolerance to three cytochrome P450-metabolized herbicides: nicosulfuron, foramsulfuron, and mesotrione. Hybrid responses differed substantially within and among locations. The objective of this study was to determine if alleles affecting herbicide sensitivity (e.g., cytochrome P450 alleles) were associated with differences in levels of injury to sweet corn hybrids in these trials. Based on responses of F2 progeny to nicosulfuron, foramsulfuron, and mesotrione, 95 hybrids were classified as homozygous for alleles conditioning herbicide tolerance; 47 hybrids were classified as heterozygous with one allele each conditioning tolerance and sensitivity; and two hybrids were classified as homozygous for alleles conditioning sensitivity. When trial mean levels of injury after applications of mesotrione, nicosulfuron, and foramsulfuron in the herbicide trials were above 1%, 4%, and 5%, respectively, the response of the three genotypic classes of hybrids followed a consistent pattern. Homozygous-sensitive hybrids were injured most severely and often were killed by the two acetolactate synththase-inhibiting herbicides, nicosulfuron and foramsulfuron. Heterozygous hybrids had an intermediate response to all three herbicides that was more similar to homozygous-tolerant hybrids than homozygous-sensitive hybrids; however, injury to heterozygous hybrids was 1.5 to 2.3 times greater and significantly (P < 0.05) different from homozygous-tolerant hybrids based on t tests of group means and comparisons of predicted values from regressions of genotypic means on trial means. Based on responses of the 149 hybrids in this trial, the potential for and level of crop injury from use of nicosulfuron, mesotrione, and foramsulfuron on any specific sweet corn hybrid is conditioned largely by alleles at a single locus.

scholarly journals Whole transcriptome analysis resulted in the identification of Chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis) genes involved in cyhalofop-butyl tolerance

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Chen ◽  
Yajun Peng ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
Donghai Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Genes ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Whole Transcriptome

Abstract Background Chinese sprangletop [Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees] is an annual malignant weed, which can often be found in paddy fields. Cyhalofop-butyl is a specialized herbicide which is utilized to control L. chinensis. However, in many areas, L. chinensis has become tolerant to this key herbicide due to its continuous long-term use. Results In this study, we utilized a tolerant (LC18002) and a sensitive (LC17041) L. chinensis populations previously identified in our laboratory, which were divided into four different groups. We then employed whole transcriptome analysis to identify candidate genes which may be involved in cyhalofop-butyl tolerance. This analysis resulted in the identification of six possible candidate genes, including three cytochrome P450 genes and three ATP-binding cassette transporter genes. We then carried out a phylogenetic analysis to identify homologs of the differentially expressed cytochrome P450 genes. This phylogenetic analysis indicated that all genes have close homologs in other species, some of which have been implicated in non-target site resistance (NTSR). Conclusions This study is the first to use whole transcriptome analysis to identify herbicide non-target resistance genes in L. chinensis. The differentially expressed genes represent promising targets for better understanding herbicide tolerance in L. chinensis. The six genes belonging to classes already associated in herbicide tolerance may play important roles in the metabolic resistance of L. chinensis to cyhalofop-butyl, although the exact mechanisms require further study.

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