Preparation of methacrylic acid-modified rice husk improved by an experimental design and application for paraquat adsorption

2009 ◽  
Vol 171 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Tong Hsu ◽  
Lung-Chuan Chen ◽  
Cheng-Chieh Lee ◽  
Ting-Chung Pan ◽  
Bing-Xuan You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Design And Application

scholarly journals Effect of Formulation, Binder and Compaction Pressure of Rice Husk-Bagasse Briquettes on Thermal and Physical Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Kerich K. Daniel ◽  
Zachary O. Siagi ◽  
Julius O. Ogola
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Aims: This study investigated the use of agro-wastes for the production of briquettes. It was carried out to investigate the effect of formulation, binder and compaction pressure of rice husk-Bagasse briquettes on thermal and physical properties. Study Design: The experimental design for this study was 6x5x2 Randomized Complete Block Design Place and Duration of the Study: Rice husks and bagasse were collected from Lake Basin Development Authority’s rice mill and Kibos sugar and Allied company respectively. The binders were sourced locally in Kisumu. The study was conducted between March 2019 and February 2020. The fabrication and laboratory analysis were carried out in the engineering and laboratory departments of Kenya Industrial Research and Development institute, Kisumu. Methodology: The experimental design for this study was 6x5x2 Randomized Complete Block Design. This study involved six formulations ratios (0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, 100:0), five compaction pressure levels (108kPa, 180kPa, 253kPa, 325kPa, 397kPa) and two binders (clay, cassava) They were arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design with three replications per experiment. Results: The briquettes bulk density was in the range of 849 to 1001 kg.m−3, while the calorific value ranged from 5.541 kcal/g for 100% Rice husk clay binder to 7.345 kcal/g 20% Rice Husk cassava binder. Briquettes with blend ratio of 40-60% Rice Husk took longer time to burn. Briquette formulations with clay binder had burning rates ranging from 0.28 g/min to 0.15 g/min while with cassava binder from 0.52 g/min to 0.37 g/min. The ignition time of the briquettes ranged from 62 sec to 95 sec with cassava binder and 110 sec to 191sec with clay binder. The shatter index ranged from 0.94 to 0.99 with cassava and 0.9 to 0.98 with clay binder. Conclusion: Higher compaction pressures and use of cassava binder produced stronger briquettes with higher calorific values. Briquettes with higher percentage of bagasse had low ignition time and low bulk densities. The bulk densities and ignition time showed significant rise with increase in the compaction pressure but inversely affected the burning rate. The binder used significantly affected both the thermal and physical properties of all the formulations.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATES AND INDOLE-3-BUTYRIC ACID IN MINI-CUTTINGS ROOTING OF Carya illinoinensis (WANGENH) K. KOCH

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Marcio Alberto Hilgert ◽  
Marilia Lazarotto ◽  
Larissa Campos de Sá ◽  
Claudimar Sidnei Fior ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Root Numbers

Mini-cutting technique of tree species is an effective method of maintaining desirable features of plant matrices and uniformity. The objective of the present research was to determine substrate and concentration of indolebutyric acid (IBA) more suitable for mini-cuttings of Carya illinoinensis rooting. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with mist, from February to May 2018. The used experimental design was in blocks with a factorial arrangement of 3 x 5, in which three substrates were tested: carbonized rice husk, vermiculite and perlit; and five IBA concentration : 0, 2,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 mg L-1. The mini-cuttings were apical, produced from seedlings, with eight months of age. Mini-cuttings were made with two leaves cut in half and 8 to 10 cm in length. The use of IBA influenced results obtained with all substrates, except for the variable number of roots, in which only IBA effect was observed. However, higher results were obtained with  IBA uses together with substrate carbonized rice husk, obtaining estimated maximum point of 91% of rooted mini-cuttings with 3,957 mg L-1 IBA concentration. For other evaluated variables, except root numbers, it was also observed superior results close to 4,000 mg L-1 IBA concentration with substrate carbonized rice husk. Results indicate the possibility of Carya illinoinensis propagation by mini-cutting technique and as an alternative for this specie plantlets production.

scholarly journals Modifikasi Resiprene-35 Dengan Asam Metakrilat Melalui Teknik Pencangkokan Dalam Sistem Pelarut

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
I Putu Mahendra ◽  
Basuki Wijosentono ◽  
Tamrin Tamrin ◽  
Hanafi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Adhesion Promoter ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
Acrylic Derivative

Modifikasi R-35 dilakukan dengan menggunakan monomer olefin turunan akrilat, yakni asam metakrilat. Tujuan modifikasi R-35 menggunakan asam metakrilat adalah untuk memperoleh material adhesion promoter yang sesuai untuk karet alam siklis yang kedepannya diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan cat untuk permukaan poliolefin. Proses modifikasi R-35 dengan monomer asam metakrilat dilakukan dalam sistem pelarut pada temperatur 110-140 °C dan desain eksperimental dirancang dengan menggunakan software Qualitek V.4.0. Analisis material R-35 termodifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan FTIR dan 1 H-NMR. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan puncak khas daripada ikatan O-H, C-C, C=O, C=C, dan C-O yang mewakili keberadaan daripada R- 35, asam metakrilat dan divinilbenzena. Analisis lebih lanjut %G dengan software Qualitek V.4.0. menunjukkan bahwa %G tertinggi dapat dicapai dengan mengkondisikan reaksi pada T = 140 °C, %MAA = 20%, %DVB = 20, dan t = 180 menit, dengan estimasi %G yang diperoleh adalah 26.08%.   Modification of Resiprene-35 (R-35) was carried out using the monomer of olefin acrylic derivative, namely methacrylic acid. The purpose of the modification of the R-35 using methacrylic acid was to obtain an adhesion promoter material suitable for cyclic natural rubber which in the future is expected to be used as a paint material for polyolefin surfaces. The modification process of R-35 with methacrylic acid monomer was carried out in a solvent system at a temperature of 110-140 °C and the experimental design was designed using Qualitek V.4.0 software. The analysis of modified R-35 material was carried out using FTIR and 1 H-NMR. FTIR analysis showed typical peaks rather than O-H, C-C, C = O, C = C, and C-O bonds which represented the presence of R-35, methacrylic acid, and divinylbenzene. Further analysis %G with Qualitek V.4.0 software showed that the highest %G could be achieved by conditioning the reaction at T = 140 °C % MAA = 20%, % DVB = 20%, and t = 180 minutes, with an estimated %G obtained, was 26.08%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN NUTRISI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELADA KEPALA RENYAH (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) SECARA HIDROPONIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Sri Astuti ◽  
Yeni Muly Yana
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Plant Parameter ◽  
Rock Wool

Study aims to determine the effect of planting media and nutrients on the growth and yield of crispy lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Capitata) hydroponically and to determine the best planting media and types of nutrients on the growth and yield of crispy lettuce (Lactuca sativa) var. capitata) hydroponically. This research uses factorial experimental design in CRD. The first factor is 3 planting media (coffee husk charcoal, rice husk charcoal and rock wool). The second factor is 3 nutrients (organic, AB mix and organic + inorganic). There are 9 combinations of planting media and nutrition for the growth of crispy lettuce head planting. Each combination is randomized before being tested, to determine the order of testing. Each combination is done 3 times. The results of observations and average calculation of plant parameter data at the 4th week after transplanting showed the result that there was no effect of the planting media and nutrients on the growth and yield of lettuce. Likewise with the results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no real effect on plant parameters.

scholarly journals New substrate containing agroindustrial carnauba residue for production of papaya under foliar fertilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca G. Albano ◽  
◽  
Ítalo H. L. Cavalcante ◽  
Jailson S. Machado ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Carnauba Wax ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Agroindustrial Residue

ABSTRACT The use of organic waste in the composition of substrates for seedlings constitutes an alternative to the recycling of these materials. Thus, an experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the production of ‘Formosa’ papaya seedlings in substrate containing carnauba wax residue, under foliar fertilization. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five materials used as substrates, in the presence and absence of foliar fertilization. The materials used were: earthworm humus, carnauba residue + fresh rice husk; carnauba residue in powder; carnauba residue semi-decomposed and mixture of carnauba residues: carnauba residue + fresh rice husk + carnauba residue semi-decomposed + carnauba residue in powder, at the proportion 1:1:1. The agroindustrial residue of carnauba wax semi-decomposed can be used as substrates in the production of ‘Formosa’ papaya seedlings. The foliar fertilization increases the quality of papaya seedlings, leading to increment in leaf area, root volume and sulfur content in the leaves, thus becoming a necessary practice.

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