A Review on Removal of Mercury from Flue Gas Utilizing Existing Air Pollutant Control Devices (APCDs)

2022 ◽  
pp. 128132
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Jianglong Yu ◽  
Yangxian Liu ◽  
Renkun Huang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Control Devices

scholarly journals The effects of energy paths and emission controls and standards on future trends in China's emissions of primary air pollutants

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 8849-8868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
C. P. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Emission Controls ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutant

Abstract. To examine the efficacy of China's actions to control atmospheric pollution, three levels of growth of energy consumption and three levels of implementation of emission controls are estimated, generating a total of nine combined activity-emission control scenarios that are then used to estimate trends of national emissions of primary air pollutants through 2030. The emission control strategies are expected to have more effects than the energy paths on the future emission trends for all the concerned pollutants. As recently promulgated national action plans of air pollution prevention and control (NAPAPPC) are implemented, China's anthropogenic pollutant emissions should decline. For example, the emissions of SO2, NOx, total suspended particles (TSP), PM10, and PM2.5 are estimated to decline 7, 20, 41, 34, and 31% from 2010 to 2030, respectively, in the "best guess" scenario that includes national commitment of energy saving policy and implementation of NAPAPPC. Should the issued/proposed emission standards be fully achieved, a less likely scenario, annual emissions would be further reduced, ranging from 17 (for primary PM2.5) to 29% (for NOx) declines in 2015, and the analogue numbers would be 12 and 24% in 2030. The uncertainties of emission projections result mainly from the uncertain operational conditions of swiftly proliferating air pollutant control devices and lack of detailed information about emission control plans by region. The predicted emission trends by sector and chemical species raise concerns about current pollution control strategies: the potential for emissions abatement in key sectors may be declining due to the near saturation of emission control devices use; risks of ecosystem acidification could rise because emissions of alkaline base cations may be declining faster than those of SO2; and radiative forcing could rise because emissions of positive-forcing carbonaceous aerosols may decline more slowly than those of SO2 emissions and thereby concentrations of negative-forcing sulfate particles. Expanded control of emissions of fine particles and carbonaceous aerosols from small industrial and residential sources is recommended, and a more comprehensive emission control strategy targeting a wider range of pollutants (volatile organic compounds, NH3 and CO, etc.) and taking account of more diverse environmental impacts is also urgently needed.

scholarly journals VALUASI PENGENDALIAN EMISI BOILER BATU BARA PADA INDUSTRI KERTAS DAN ESTIMASI EMISI MERKURI (Hg) (VALUATION ON EMISSION CONTROL OF COAL-FIRED BOILER OF PAPER INDUSTRY AND ESTIMATION OF MERCURY (Hg) EMISSION)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusup Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Emissions Control ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Coal Combustion Products ◽  
Control Devices

Steam and electricity needs in the paper industry have been provided itself through coal-fired boiler equipped with emission control devices. Boiler flue gas emissions of coal combustion products contain contaminants such as particulate emissions , NO2 and SO2 , and a small amount of emissions of mercury (Hg). Valuation on boiler emissions quality associated with air emissions control systems and emissions standard has been carried out. Estimation of mercury concentration in air emissions of boiler flue gas in the paper industry has also been conducted. The valuation on the air emissions quality of non-mercury parameters of paper industry boilers has also been done based on national emissions standards. The results of the valuation indicated that the current applied of flue gas emissions control devices in the paper industry has been optimally operated so that the emission quality of boiler for both non-mercury parameters and mercury parameters has been complied with the emission quality standards. Prediction of mercury content in air emissions of a coal boiler stack of paper industry that is discharged into environment based on the content of mercury in coal is 0.0205 mg/Nm3 (20.5 µg/Nm3 ) maximum. Paper industry needs to consider the application of co-benefit technology when mercury is used as a quality standard emissions parameter. ABSTRAKKebutuhan uap dan atau listrik pada industri kertas disediakan melalui unit boiler berbahan bakar batu bara yang dilengkapi alat pengendali emisi. Emisi gas boiler mengandung pencemar berupa partikulat, NO2 dan SO2 , dan merkuri (Hg). Valuasi kualitas emisi boiler berkaitan dengan sistem pengendalian emisi udara dan baku mutu emisi telah dilakukan, Estimasi kadar merkuri di udara emisi cerobong boiler pada industri kertas juga telah dilakukan. Valuasi kualitas emisi udara non-merkuri emisi boiler industri kertas juga telah dilakukan berdasarkan baku mutu emisi nasional. Hasil valuasi menunjukkan bahwa alat pengendali emisi gas buang boiler yang telah diterapkan saat ini pada industri kertas telah dioperasikan secara optimal sehingga kualitas emisi boiler baik untuk parameter non-merkuri maupun untuk parameter merkuri telah memenuhi baku mutu emisi. Prediksi kadar merkuri dalam udara emisi cerobong boiler batu bara industri kertas yang dibuang ke lingkungan dihitung berdasarkan kadar merkuri dalam batu bara adalah maksimum sebesar 0,0205 mg/Nm3 (20,5 µg/Nm3 ). Industri kertas perlu mempertimbangkan penerapan teknologi co-benefit bilamana suatu saat parameter merkuri ditetapkan sebagai parameter baku mutu emisi.

scholarly journals The effects of energy paths and emission controls and standards on future trends in China's emissions of primary air pollutants

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 7917-7963
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
C. P. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Emission Controls ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutant

Abstract. To examine the efficacy of China's actions to control atmospheric pollution, three levels of growth of energy consumption and three levels of implementation of emission controls are estimated, generating a total of nine combined activity-emission control scenarios that are then used to estimate trends of national emissions of primary air pollutants through 2030. The emission control strategies are expected to have more effects than the energy paths on the future emission trends for all the concerned pollutants. As recently promulgated national action plans of air pollution prevention and control (NAPAPPC) are implemented, China's anthropogenic pollutant emissions should decline. For example, the emissions of SO2, NOx, total primary particulate matter (PM), PM10, and PM2.5 are estimated to decline 7%, 20%, 41%, 34%, and 31% from 2010 to 2030, respectively, in the "best guess" scenario that includes national commitment of energy saving policy and partial implementation of NAPAPPC. Should the issued/proposed emission standards be fully achieved, a less likely scenario, annual emissions would be further reduced, ranging from 17% (for primary PM2.5) to 29% (for NOx) declines in 2015, and the analogue numbers would be 12% and 24% in 2030. The uncertainties of emission projections result mainly from the uncertain operational conditions of swiftly proliferating air pollutant control devices and lack of detailed information about emission control plans by region. The predicted emission trends by sector and chemical species raise concerns about current pollution control strategies: the potential for emissions abatement in key sectors may be declining due to the near saturation of emission control devices use; risks of ecosystem acidification could rise because emissions of alkaline base cations may be declining faster than those of SO2; and radiative forcing could rise because emissions of positive-forcing carbonaceous aerosols may decline more slowly than those of SO2 emissions and thereby concentrations of negative-forcing sulfate particles. Expanded control of emissions of fine particles and carbonaceous aerosols from small industrial and residential sources is recommended, and a more comprehensive emission control strategy targeting a wider range of pollutants and taking account of more diverse environmental impacts is also urgently needed.

scholarly journals Update of mercury emissions from China's primary zinc, lead and copper smelters, 2000–2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 18207-18242
Author(s):  
Q. R. Wu ◽  
S. X. Wang ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. X. Song ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Nonferrous Metal ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Mercury Removal ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Air Pollution Control Devices

Abstract. China is the largest anthropogenic mercury emitter in the world, where primary nonferrous metal smelting process is regarded as one of the most significant emission sources. In this study, atmospheric mercury emissions from primary zinc, lead and copper smelters in China during 2000–2010 were estimated using a technology-based methodology with comprehensive consideration of mercury concentration in concentrates, smelting process, mercury removal efficiencies of air pollution control devices (APCDs) and installation rate of a certain type of APCD combination. Our study indicated that atmospheric mercury emission from nonferrous metal smelters in 2000, 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2010 was 67.6, 100.1 86.7 80.6 and 72.5 t, respectively. In 2010, the mercury in metal concentrates consumed by primary zinc, lead and copper smelters were 543 t. The mercury emitted into atmosphere, fly ash, other solids, waste water and acid was 72.5, 61.5, 2.0, 3774 and 27.2 t, respectively. Mercury retrieved directly from flue gas as byproduct of nonferrous metal smelting was about 2.4 t. The amounts of mercury emitted into atmosphere were 39.4, 30.6 and 2.5 t from primary zinc, lead and copper smelters, respectively. The largest amount of mercury was emitted from Gansu province, followed by Henan, Yunnan, Hunan, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi provinces. The average mercury removal efficiency was 90.5%, 71.2% and 91.8% in zinc, lead, and copper smelters, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of air pollutant emissions from brick manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Valeriu Danciulescu ◽  
◽  
Elena Bucur ◽  
Mihaela Petrescu ◽  
Mihai Bratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Production Lines

In this paper, a comparison is made of the level of air pollution between two brick production lines that apply different technologies, one old and one new, and more efficient. The main pollutants emitted in the air from the baking kilns are CO, SO2, NO2, HCl, HF, and dust. The monitoring of emissions was performed with a Testo 350 flue gas analyzer – the automatic method. A Paul Gothe isokinetic sampler was used to take dust, HCl, and HF sampling, and the analysis was performed in the laboratory using gravimetric and spectrophotometric analytical methods. The results of the tests performed showed a reduction in the level of pollution by applying the new and BAT technologies by up to 90% for all monitored pollutants, compared to the pollution produced by old and non-re-technologized line. At the same time, energy consumption is lower per unit of product, which results in a significant decrease in production costs.

The Preparation and Current Situation of Ce and Mn Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1612-1615
Author(s):  
Wen Long Zhen ◽  
Rui Tang Guo ◽  
Wei Guo Pan ◽  
Yan Wu Gao ◽  
Chao Lin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Photochemical Smog ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Temperature Window ◽  
Low Temperature Scr

NOx is the main air pollutant of coal-fired power plants, which is one of the important reasons to cause pollution such as acid rain, photochemical smog and so on. Selective catalytic reduction process is the major technology for reducing NOx emissions from coal-fired power plants. However, the commercial vanaidia-based catalyst is active within a narrow temperature window of 300-400°C, easily to be deacticed by SO2 in the flue gas. And the formation of N2O and toxicity of vanaidia cause secondary pollution. Therefore, it is of more importance to develop a new environmental-friendly catalyst for low temperature SCR with high activity.

Experiments on the Removal of Fine Particles in Existing Air Pollution Control Devices by Chemical Agglomeration

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Lin Jun Yang ◽  
Dan Ping Pan ◽  
Rong Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Air Pollution Control Devices ◽  
Wetting Liquid

The removals of PM2.5from coal combustion by electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system with adding chemical agglomeration solution were investigated experimentally based on coal-fired thermal system. The experimental results show that the average diameter of particles could grow more than four times with the effect of wetting, liquid bridge force and adsorption bridging, and the PM2.5concentration of ESP outlet can decrease 40% under typical flue gas conditions. The removal efficiency of fine PM2.5is improved about 30% when adding chemical agglomeration solution before desulfurization tower.

scholarly journals A critical review on the method of simultaneous removal of multi-air-pollutant in flue gas

2019 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 122155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Bo Yuan ◽  
Runlong Hao ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Xinpeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Simultaneous Removal
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