scholarly journals Reply to “Risk factors and screening intervals are crucial to evaluating the cost effectiveness of abbreviated MRI in HCC screening”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Gupta ◽  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Naveen Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Screening Intervals ◽  
The Cost

Should we change the focus of health promotion in sexual health clinics?

Sexual Health ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudiger Pittrof ◽  
Elizabeth Goodburn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Unknown Risk ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics ◽  
The Cost

The effectiveness of sexual behaviour change interventions in sexual health clinics is unknown. Risk factors for poor sexual and reproductive health such as depression, violence, alcohol and smoking in sexual health clinics are all common and can be identified easily in sexual health services. Targeting these risk factors could be as effective as traditional sexual health promotion and could have additional benefits. The authors propose a pilot to assess the cost-effectiveness and acceptability of incorporating screening and interventions for these risk factors.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors, and a cost-effectiveness evaluation of screening and preventive treatment strategies for latent tuberculosis among migrants in Singapore

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e050629
Author(s):  
Vanessa W Lim ◽  
Hwee Lin Wee ◽  
Phoebe Lee ◽  
Yijun Lin ◽  
Yi Roe Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ltbi Prevalence ◽  
The Cost

ObjectivesWHO recommends that low burden countries consider systematic screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in migrants from high incidence countries. We aimed to determine LTBI prevalence and risk factors and evaluate cost-effectiveness of screening and treating LTBI in migrants to Singapore from a government payer perspective.DesignCross-sectional study and cost-effectiveness analysis.SettingMigrants in Singapore.Participants3618 migrants who were between 20 and 50 years old, have not worked in Singapore previously and stayed in Singapore for less than a year were recruited.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCosts, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), threshold length of stay, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), cost per active TB case averted.ResultsOf 3584 migrants surveyed, 20.4% had positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results, with the highest positivity in Filipinos (33.2%). Higher LTBI prevalence was significantly associated with age, marital status and past TB exposure. The cost-effectiveness model projected an ICER of S$57 116 per QALY and S$12 422 per active TB case averted for screening and treating LTBI with 3 months once weekly isoniazid and rifapentine combination regimen treatment compared with no screening over a 50-year time horizon. ICER was most sensitive to the cohort’s length of stay in Singapore, yearly disease progression rates from LTBI to active TB, followed by the cost of IGRA testing.ConclusionsFor LTBI screening and treatment of migrants to be cost-effective, migrants from high burden countries would have to stay in Singapore for ~50 years. Risk-stratified approaches based on projected length of stay and country of origin and/or age group can be considered.

scholarly journals Obstetric Thromboprophylaxis: The Swedish Guidelines

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelle G. Lindqvist ◽  
Margareta Hellgren
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Lifestyle Advice ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost

Obstetric thromboprophylaxis is difficult. Since 10 years Swedish obstetricians have used a combined risk estimation model and recommendations concerning to whom, at what dose, when, and for how long thromboprophylaxis is to be administrated based on a weighted risk score. In this paper we describe the background and validation of the Swedish guidelines for obstetric thromboprophylaxis in women with moderate-high risk of VTE, that is, at similar or higher risk as the antepartum risk among women with history of thrombosis. The risk score is based on major risk factors (i.e., 5-fold increased risk of thromboembolism). We present data on the efficacy of the model, the cost-effectiveness, and the lifestyle advice that is given. We believe that the Swedish guidelines for obstetric thromboprophylaxis aid clinicians in providing women at increased risk of VTE with effective and appropriate thromboprophylaxis, thus avoiding both over- and under-treatment.

scholarly journals 853: The cost effectiveness of multiple GBS screening intervals

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. S509
Author(s):  
Mary Nicole Nienow Birch ◽  
Alyssa R. Hersh ◽  
Karen J. Scrivner ◽  
Aaron B. Caughey
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Screening Intervals ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Assessing the Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions That Simultaneously Prevent High Body Mass Index and Eating Disorders

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Long Khanh-Dao Le ◽  
Phillipa Hay ◽  
Jaithri Ananthapavan ◽  
Yong Yi Lee ◽  
Cathrine Mihalopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
High Body ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Bmi

Eating disorders (ED) are among the top three most common debilitating illnesses in adolescent females, while high Body Mass Index (BMI) is one of the five leading modifiable risk factors for preventable disease burden. The high prevalence of eating and weight-related problems in adolescence is of great concern, particularly since this is a period of rapid growth and development. Here, we comment on the current evidence for the prevention of EDs and high BMI and the importance of assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions that integrate the prevention of EDs and high BMI in this population. There is evidence that there are effective interventions targeted at children, adolescents and young adults that can reduce the prevalence of risk factors associated with the development of EDs and high BMI concurrently. However, optimal decision-making for the health of younger generations involves considering the value for money of these effective interventions. Further research investigating the cost-effectiveness of potent and sustainable integrated preventive interventions for EDs and high BMI will provide decision makers with the necessary information to inform investment choices.

scholarly journals Contralateral Risk-Reducing Mastectomy: Review of Risk Factors and Risk-Reducing Strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Basu ◽  
L. Barr ◽  
G. L. Ross ◽  
D. G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Contralateral Breast Cancer ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Contralateral Breast ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Risk Reducing

Rates of contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy have increased substantially over the last decade. Surgical oncologists are often in the frontline, dealing with requests for this procedure. This paper reviews the current evidence base regarding contralateral breast cancer, assesses the various risk-reducing strategies, and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy.

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