Observational study of skin and soft-tissue Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients infected with HIV-1 and epidemics of Panton–Valentine leucocidin-positive community-acquired MRSA infection in Osaka, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1254-1259
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Hirota ◽  
Dai Watanabe ◽  
Yusuke Koizumi ◽  
Daisuke Sakanashi ◽  
Takashi Ueji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Persistence in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Focus on Leukocidin ED

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Poddighe ◽  
Luca Vangelista
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
Ccr5 Antagonists ◽  
Direct Targeting ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Ccr5 Blockade

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is thought to be a multifactorial disease that includes a direct involvement of bacteria that trigger inflammation and contribute to CRS pathogenesis. Staphylococcus aureus infection and persistence is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and it may be particularly relevant in the form with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The large array of exotoxins deployed by S. aureus is instrumental for the bacterium to warrant its infection and dissemination in different human body districts. Here, we analyze the common Th2 environment in CRSwNP and prospect a possible dynamic role played by S. aureus leukocidins in promoting this chronic inflammation, considering leukocidin ED (LukED) as a strong prototype candidate worth of therapeutic investigation. CCR5 is an essential target for LukED to exert its cytotoxicity towards T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Therefore, CCR5 blockade might be an interesting therapeutic option for CRS and, more specifically, persistent and relapsing CRSwNP. In this perspective, the arsenal of CCR5 antagonists being developed to inhibit HIV-1 entry (CCR5 being the major HIV-1 co-receptor) could be easily repurposed for CRS therapeutic investigation. Finally, direct targeting of LukED by neutralizing antibodies could represent an important additional solution to S. aureus infection.

scholarly journals The rise of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: now the dominant cause of skin and soft tissue infection in Central Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 2817-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. MACMORRAN ◽  
S. HARCH ◽  
E ATHAN ◽  
S LANE ◽  
S TONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Dominant Phenotype ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Community Onset

SUMMARYThis study aimed to examine the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of community-onset purulent staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in Central Australia. We performed a prospective observational study of patients hospitalised with community-onset purulent staphylococcal SSTI (n = 160). Indigenous patients accounted for 78% of cases. Patients were predominantly young adults; however, there were high rates of co-morbid disease. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was the dominant phenotype, accounting for 60% of cases. Hospitalisation during the preceding 6 months, and haemodialysis dependence were significant predictors of CA-MRSA infection on univariate analysis. Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes were found to be comparable for methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant cases. All MRSA isolates were characterised as non-multi-resistant, with this term used interchangeably with CA-MRSA in this analysis. We did not find an association between receipt of an active antimicrobial agent within the first 48 h, and progression of infection; need for further surgical debridement; unplanned General Practitioner or hospital re-presentation; or need for further antibiotics. At least one adverse outcome was experienced by 39% of patients. Clindamycin resistance was common, while rates of trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole resistance were low. This study suggested the possibility of healthcare-associated transmission of CA-MRSA. This is the first Australian report of CA-MRSA superseding MSSA as the cause of community onset staphylococcal SSTI.

In vivo photothermal inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection by in situ templated formulation of pathogen-targeting phototheranostics

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 7651-7659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xujuan Guo ◽  
Bing Cao ◽  
Congyu Wang ◽  
Siyu Lu ◽  
Xianglong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Efficient Elimination

Herein, pathogen-targeting phototheranostic nanoparticles, Van-OA@PPy, are in situ developed for efficient elimination of MRSA infection, which is reflected by dual-modality magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging.

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection Following Arthroscopy of the Knee Joint

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 675-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Raj ◽  
S Iyer ◽  
CM Fergusson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
Mrsa Infection

Arthroscopic surgery of the knee is considered to be a safe procedure. We had a microbiologically confirmed infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although various rare infective cases are reported following arthroscopy of the knee joint, to the best of our knowledge there is no previous report of MRSA infection following arthroscopy of the knee joint.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in a Canadian emergency department

CJEM ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 430-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stenstrom ◽  
Eric Grafstein ◽  
Marc Romney ◽  
John Fahimi ◽  
Devin Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Infection ◽  
Tissue Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
Monthly Period ◽  
Mrsa Infection

ABSTRACT Objective: We sought to estimate the period prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) and evaluate risk factors for MRSA SSTI in an emergency department (ED) population. Methods: We carried out a cohort study with a nested case–control design. Patients presenting to our ED with a wound culture and a discharge diagnosis of SSTI between January 2003 and September 2004 were dichotomized as MRSA positive or negative. Fifty patients with MRSA SSTI matched by calendar time to 100 controls with MRSA-negative SSTI had risk factors assessed using multivariate conditional logistic regression. Results: Period prevalence of MRSA SSTI was 54.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50.2%–59.4%). The monthly period prevalence increased from 21% in January 2003 to 68% in September 2004 (p < 0.01). Risk factors for MRSA SSTI were injection drug use (IDU) (odds ratio [OR] 4.6, 95% CI 1.4–16.1), previous MRSA infection and colonization (OR 6.4, 95% CI 2.1–19.8), antibiotics in 8 weeks preceding index visit (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2–8.1), diabetes mellitus (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.4–12.1), abscess (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.8–17.1) and admission to hospital in previous 12 months (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–11.2). Conclusion: The period prevalence of MRSA SSTI between January 2003 and September 2004 was 54.8% at our institution. There was a marked increase in the monthly period prevalence from the beginning to the end of the study. Risk factors are IDU, previous MRSA infection and colonization, prescriptions for antibiotics in previous 8 weeks and admission to hospital in the preceding 12 months. On the basis of local prevalence and risk factor patterns, emergency physicians should consider MRSA as a causative agent for SSTI.

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in MRSA-colonized patients discharged from a Veterans Affairs hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CADENA ◽  
A. M. RICHARDSON ◽  
C. R. FREI
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Infection

SUMMARYCurrently, limited studies have quantified the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) for MRSA-colonized patients on discharge from hospital. Our retrospective, case-control study identified independent risk factors for the development of MRSA SSTIs among such patients detected by active MRSA nasal screening in an acute care hospital by PCR on admission, and bacteriological cultures on discharge. Cases were MRSA-colonized patients aged ⩾18 years who developed a MRSA SSTI post-discharge and controls were those who did not develop a MRSA SSTI post-discharge. Controls were matched to cases by length of follow-up (±10 days) for up to 18 months. Potential demographic and clinical risk factors for MRSA infection were identified using electronic queries and manual chart abstraction; data were compared by standard statistical tests and variables with P values ⩽0·05 in bivariable analysis were entered into a logistic regression model. Multivariable analysis demonstrated prior hospital admission within 12 months (P = 0·02), prior MRSA infection (P = 0·05), and previous myocardial infarction (P = 0·01) were independently predictive of a MRSA SSTI post-discharge. Identification of MRSA colonization upon admission and recognition of risk factors could help identify a high-risk population that could benefit from MRSA SSTI prevention strategies.

Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Canadian Aboriginal People

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Ofner-Agostini ◽  
Andrew E. Simor ◽  
Michael Mulvey ◽  
Elizabeth Bryce ◽  
Mark Loeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aboriginal Population ◽  
Mrsa Infection

We describe 279 hospitalized Canadian aboriginals in whom methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was detected. They were identified in 38 Canadian hospitals from 1995 through 2002. Compared with nonaboriginals, aboriginals were more likely to be younger than 18 years of age (OR, 1.8;P<.0001), to have had an MRSA infection (OR, 3.8;P<.0001), and to have had MRSA isolated from specimens of skin or soft tissue (OR, 4.1;P= .016). The clinical features of MRSA infection in aboriginals are distinct from those in the general patient population with MRSA infection in Canadian hospitals, and the genetic background of MRSA isolates from aboriginals also varies from that of strains from the non-aboriginal population.

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