scholarly journals 217 The dynamic change of the skin microbiome in severe hidradenitis suppurativa after short term effective treatment with adalimumab

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. S39
Author(s):  
T. Hsu ◽  
H. Tseng ◽  
C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Short Term

Social trust, norms and morality

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Popper
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe article approaches the topic of social trust from an evolutionary perspective. It begins by summarising the most influential approaches that have defined specific and social trust and ascertains what causes differences in degrees of trust and how the potential risk of deception might be lowered. It then notes that the basis of morality had already been formed during the era of prehistoric man, who was able to create coalitions against aggressors and to socially control the behaviour of deviants. It points out, however, that having a certain predisposition to behaving cooperatively or an increased sensitivity to recognising and not tolerating behaviour aimed at abusing cooperation is not a sufficient guarantee of the fact that people will always (or at least in the majority of situations) favour cooperation over deception. One of the reasons for this is a tendency to favour short-term gains over long-term ones. The article argues that establishing norms (moral, social and legal) produces a higher level of social trust because it not only “encourages” individuals to behave in certain ways in particular situations but also works as a sanction which “discourages” the individual from socially deviant behaviour. The article then focuses on a debate about the causal relationship between social trust and social capital. It discusses the suggestion that political institutions, government and the judiciary may reduce rather than raise levels of social capital and consequently also the level of social trust. This is partly because of their powerful position and the consequent scope for corruption and partly because of the fact that even when attempting to act honestly, representatives of these institutions cannot sufficiently reflect upon dynamic change at the local level. Finally, the article ends by adopting the position that social trust is built primarily from bottom up and so it is risky to continually doubt the very existence and usefulness of social norms and morality and to be governed simply by legal norms.

Dynamic Change in Regional Resilience Indicators After a Disaster: A Comprehensive Assessment of Sichuan After the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lu ◽  
Xiaoyuan Shi ◽  
Xiai Mao ◽  
Shihang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Regional Resilience ◽  
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Resilience Process ◽  
Resilience Indicators

Abstract Regional resilience after a disaster is a process that encompasses resistance, recovery and redevelopment. However, there have been few longitudinal dynamic analyses using resilience indicators after a disaster. This research proposes an ordination and clustering-based method for regional resilience evaluations focused on short-term disaster-resistance and long-term disaster-recovery capacities in the affected counties. This method was proven to be effective on data from 55 counties before and after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake (2005-2016) in Sichuan Province, China. It was found that: (i) economic related indicators were often negatively affected by the disaster over the short term, especially in the severely affected counties; (ii) the degree of economic development and the devastation extent significantly affected the recovery trends of two macro-economic indicators: the primary industry and the private economy; and (iii) the recovery trends in most counties for some economic and social indicators were initially stagnant or had a slow recovery for 1-3 years, after which there was a rapid recovery process. The intuitive and informative results from this evaluation provide a better understanding of the dynamic regional resilience process after a disaster.

A dynamic and robust image processing based method for measuring the yarn diameter and its variation

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (18) ◽  
pp. 1948-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Eldessouki ◽  
Sayed Ibrahim ◽  
Jiři Militky
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Effective Property ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Yarn Diameter ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Robust Image

The yarn diameter is an effective property in determining fabric structure and processing settings. There are different systems of measuring the yarn diameter; among them is the image analysis of the yarn’s microscopic images. This method is considered to be more precise than other methods, but it is “static” in nature as it measures the property at scattered intervals and does not reflect the continuous variation of the yarn diameter. The goal of the current work is to measure the yarn diameter and its variation over a long length of yarn at fixed intervals to consider the “dynamic” change in the property. To achieve this goal, a high-speed camera (HSC) with a proper magnification was used to capture the images of the yarn and a new robust algorithm was developed to analyze the massive amount of yarn pictures in a reasonable time. The collected data for the yarn diameter were analyzed and compared to the results of the commercial Uster Evenness Tester IV. The results of the HSC were very comparable to the results of Uster and they were able to detect the short-term, the long-term, and the periodic variation of the yarn diameter.

Effective treatment of acute hyperkalaemia in childhood by short-term infusion of salbutamol

1996 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kemper ◽  
E. Harps ◽  
H. H. Hellwege ◽  
D. E. Müller-Wiefel
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Balloon dilation for the treatment of nasopharyngeal stenosis in seven cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691772998
Author(s):  
Stefeny Z Pollack ◽  
Peter S Chapman ◽  
Alan Klag
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Endoscopic Guidance ◽  
Ocular Discharge

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of balloon dilation for the treatment of nasopharyngeal stenosis in cats. Methods The medical records of seven cats with nasopharyngeal stenosis treated with balloon dilation were reviewed. The most common presenting clinical signs included upper airway noise, sneezing, nasal and/or ocular discharge. All seven cats were confirmed to have nasopharyngeal stenosis via nasopharyngeal endoscopy and were treated with balloon dilation under endoscopic guidance. Results All seven cats had acceptable short-term control (median 14 days) of clinical signs after the procedure. Two of six cats had successful long-term control (median 34 days) of clinical signs after one balloon dilation and an additional 2/6 cats had acceptable long-term control of clinical signs after a second balloon dilation procedure. The most significant complication of balloon dilation was the recurrence of stenosis. Conclusions and relevance The findings of this study indicate that balloon dilation is a safe and effective treatment option for the relief of clinical signs associated with nasopharyngeal stenosis in cats. Multiple procedures may be necessary for the best chance of long-term success.

scholarly journals Short-term effect of radioactive iodine therapy on CXCL-10 production in Graves’ disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Yu Dong ◽  
Shou-jie Li ◽  
Guan-Qi Gao ◽  
Xiao-meng Liu ◽  
Wen-xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Radioactive Iodine Therapy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pre Treatment

Purpose: To observe the short-term dynamic change in serum CXC chemokine ligand-10 (CXCL10) levels in patients with Graves' disease (GD) before and after iodine therapy and to analyze the relationship between CXCL10 levels and clinical disease indices. Methods: ELISA was used to determine serum levels of CXCL10 in 43 patients with GD shortly before radioiodine therapy and on days six, 14, and 60, post-therapy. Results: Patients with newly diagnosed GD showed significantly higher levels of serum CXCL10 compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The serum CXCL10 level increased slightly on day six after treatment of radioactive iodine (P < 0.01). There was no significant statistical difference in serum CXCL10 levels pre-treatment and on day 14 post-treatment. A significant reduction in serum CXCL10 level was observed on day 60 (P < 0.01). GD patients with exophthalmia showed higher serum CXCL10 level than GD patients without exophthalmia. No correlation was found between levels of CXCL10 and FT3, FT4 or TSH at any time point, but significant positive correlation was shown between thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and CXCL10 (r=0.50, P < 0.01). Conclusion: CXCL10 participates in the early inflammatory response after radioactive iodine therapy in patients with Graves’ disease and shows a strong association with the autoimmune process.

scholarly journals Moving microbes: the dynamics of transient microbial residence on human skin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roo Vandegrift ◽  
Ashkaan K. Fahimipour ◽  
Mario Muscarella ◽  
Ashley C. Bateman ◽  
Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Lower Biomass

AbstractThe human skin microbiome interacts intimately with human health, yet the drivers of skin microbiome composition and diversity are not well-understood. The composition of the skin microbiome has been characterized as both highly variable and relatively stable, depending on the time scale under consideration, and it is not clear what role contact with environmental sources of microbes plays in this variability. We experimentally mimicked human skin contact with two common environmental sources of microorganisms — soils and plant leaves — and characterized the dynamics of microbial acquisition and persistence on skin on very short time scales. Repeatable changes in skin community composition following encounters with environmental sources were observed, and these trajectories largely depend on donor community biomass distributions. Changes in composition persisted for at least 24 hours and through a soap and water wash following exposures to relatively high biomass soil communities. In contrast, exposures to lower biomass leaf communities were undetectable after a 24 hour period. Absolute abundances of bacterial taxa in source communities predicted transmission probabilities and residence times, independent of phylogenetic considerations. Our results suggest that variability in the composition of the skin microbiome can be driven by transient encounters with common environmental sources, and that these relatively transient effects can persist when the source is of sufficient biomass.ImportanceHumans come into contact with environmental sources of microbes, such as soil or plants, constantly. Those microbial exposures have been linked to health through training and modulation of the immune system. While much is known about the human skin microbiome, the short term dynamics after a contact event, such as touching soil, have not been well characterized. In this study, we examine what happens after such a contact event, describing trends in microbial transmission to and persistence on the skin. Additionally, we use computational sampling model simulations to interrogate null expectations for these kinds of experiments. This work has broad implications for infection control strategies and therapeutic techniques that rely on modification of the microbiome, such as probiotics and faecal transplantation.

Dynamic user modeling for expert recommendation in community question answering

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 7281-7292
Author(s):  
Tongze He ◽  
Caili Guo ◽  
Yunfei Chu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yanjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Question Answering ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
User Interest ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Expert Recommendation ◽  
Community Question Answering ◽  
User Expertise

Community Question Answering (CQA) websites has become an important channel for people to acquire knowledge. In CQA, one key issue is to recommend users with high expertise and willingness to answer the given questions, i.e., expert recommendation. However, a lot of existing methods consider the expert recommendation problem in a static context, ignoring that the real-world CQA websites are dynamic, with users’ interest and expertise changing over time. Although some methods that utilize time information have been proposed, their performance improvement can be limited due to fact that they fail they fail to consider the dynamic change of both user interests and expertise. To solve these problems, we propose a deep learning based framework for expert recommendation to exploit user interest and expertise in a dynamic environment. For user interest, we leverage Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to model user’s short-term interest so as to capture the dynamic change of users’ interests. For user expertise, we design user expertise network, which leverages feedback on users’ historical behavior to estimate their expertise on new question. We propose two methods in user expertise network according to whether the dynamic property of expertise is considered. The experimental results on a large-scale dataset from a real-world CQA site demonstrate the superior performance of our method.

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