Performance evaluation of analytical expressions for cylindrical and rectangular deep drawing force estimation

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 340-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Rivas-Menchi ◽  
Hugo I. Medellín-Castillo ◽  
Dirk F. de Lange ◽  
Pedro de J. García-Zugasti
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Force Estimation ◽  
Analytical Expressions

scholarly journals Investigation of a new methodology for the prediction of drawing force in deep drawing process with respect to dimensionless analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Hajiahmadi ◽  
Majid Elyasi ◽  
Mohsen Shakeri
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Force Estimation

AbstractIn this research, geometric parameters were given in dimensionless form by the Buckingham pi dimensional analysis method, and a series of dimensionless groups were found for deep drawing of the round cup. To find the best group of dimensionless geometric parameters, three scales are evaluated by commercial FE software. After analyzing all effective geometric parameters, a fittest relational model of dimensionless parameters is found. St12 sheet metals were used for experimental validation, which were formed at room temperature. In addition, results and response parameters were compared in the simulation process, experimental tests, and proposed dimensionless models. By looking at the results, it very well may be inferred that geometric qualities of a large scale can be predicted with a small scale by utilizing the proposed dimensionless model. Comparison of the outcomes for dimensionless models and experimental tests shows that the proposed dimensionless models have fine precision in determining geometrical parameters and drawing force estimation. Moreover, generalizing proposed dimensionless model was applied to ensure the estimating precision of geometric values in larger scales by smaller scales.

Comparative Study of Analytical Expressions to Estimate the Deep Drawing Force of Cylindrical and Rectangular Parts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Rivas Menchi ◽  
Hugo I. Medellín Castillo ◽  
Dirk F. de Lange ◽  
Pedro de J. García Zugasti
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Deep Drawing Process ◽  
The Press ◽  
Cylindrical Parts ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The deep drawing process has been widely used in the industry because it eliminates costly operations such as welding and machining. However, there are many parameters involved that affect the quality of the final products. One of the main parameters of the deep drawing process is the maximum deep drawing force (DDF) or drawing load, which is the maximum force required to perform a particular deep drawing operation. This maximum DDF is needed to define the required capacity of the press, and to calculate the deep drawing work and the process efficiency. Several analytical expressions to estimate the maximum DDF have been proposed in the literature, particularly for cylindrical parts. However, few research works have focused on analyzing the prediction performance of these expressions. In this paper, the performance of different analytical expressions to estimate the maximum DDF of cylindrical and rectangular parts, is evaluated and compared. Initially, several expressions proposed by different researches for the maximum DDF of cylindrical parts are presented. Then, these expressions are transformed into new expressions for the maximum DDF of rectangular parts by using different concepts of equivalency, such as the equivalent diameter concept. Finally, the prediction performance of all the expressions for both cylindrical and rectangular deep drawing is analysed and compared using experimental data from the literature. The performance is evaluated in terms of the prediction error. The results have suggested that the analytical expressions involving the largest number of parameters have a superior prediction performance than the analytical expressions involving less parameters.

The influence of vegetable lubrication with silica microparticles on the deep drawing force

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Alexandre de Carvalho ◽  
Frederico Ozanan Neves ◽  
Alex Sandro Payão dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Silica Microparticles

Optimization of Deep Drawing Processes Using Statistical Design of Experiments

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Bauer ◽  
Regine Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Deep Drawing Process ◽  
Metal Forming Process

Abstract For a deep drawing process some important controllable variables (factors) upon the maximum drawing force are analyzed to find a setting adjustment for these process factors that provides a very low force for the metal forming process. For this investigation an orthogonal array L18 with three-fold replication is used. To find the optimum of the process, the experimental results are analyzed in accordance with the robust-design-method according to Taguchi (Liesegang et. al., 1990). For this purpose, so-called Signal-to-Noise-ratios are calculated. The analysis of variance for this S/N-ratios leads to a mathematical model for the deep drawing process. This model allows to find the pressumed optimal settings of the investigated factors. In the following, a confirmation experiment is carried out by using these optimal settings. The maximum drawing force of the confirmation experiment does not correspond with the confidence interval, which was calculated by analysis of variance techniques. So the predicted optimum of the process does not lead to a metal forming process with very low deep drawing force. The comparison with a full factorial plan shows that there are interactions between the investigated factors. These interactions could not be discovered by the used orthogonal array. Thus the established mathematical model does not describe the relation between the factors and deep drawing force in accordance with the practical deep drawing conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental Study and Analysis of the Influence of Drawbead against Restriction and Deep Drawing Force of Rectangular Cup-Cans with Tin Plate Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susila Candra ◽  
I. Made Londen Batan
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Radial Stress ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Plate Material ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Blank Holder Force ◽  
Blank Holder ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Restraining Force

Drawbead are often used to control the flow of material, stress and deep drawing force in the flange area. This paper discussed the drawbead (fully, not fully and without drawbead) that combined with variations in the blank holder force against restriction of material flow and drawbead restriction force of deep drawing with palm oil lubrication. In this paper, analytical and experiments are used to predict the drawbead restraining and deep drawing force. The tin steel sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm is used as speciment. The results obtained, that the application fully drawbead be very effective in controlling the flow of materials in the flange, as compared to not fully and without drawbead. In the beginning of the process (punch stroke < 4 mm), the magnitude of restraining force and deep drawing force can be increased. And, the magnitude of Radial Stress increases, conversely the magnitude of tangential stress decreased. This can prevent the occurrence optimum blank holder force is recommended in range 4394-8788 N. Comparisons of results between the analysis and experiments show the phenomenon is similar.

Effect of the Blank-Holding Load on the Drawing Force in the Deep-Drawing Process of Cylindrical and Square Cups

2015 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Lazarescu ◽  
Ioan Nicodim ◽  
Dan Sorin Comsa ◽  
Dorel Banabic
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Deep Drawing Process ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Blank Holding Force

In this study, the influence of the blank-holding force (BHF) on the drawing force (DF) in the deep-drawing process of cylindrical and square cups has been investigated experimentally. For this purpose, different constant and variable BHFs have been applied to AA6016-T4 aluminum alloy and DC04 steel sheets during the forming process. It has been observed that an increased constant BHF leads to an increase of DF. On the other hand, the variable BHF approach, in which the BHF decreases in six steps throughout the punch stroke, reduces the DF.

Evaluation of drawing force by a new dimensionless method in deep drawing process

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (13) ◽  
pp. 1604-1614
Author(s):  
Saeed Hajiahmadi ◽  
Majid Elyasi ◽  
Mohsen Shakeri
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Drawing Force ◽  
Dimensionless Parameters ◽  
Dimensionless Analysis ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

In this research, geometric parameters were given in dimensionless form by the Π- Buckingham dimensional analysis method in the dimensionless group for deep drawing of a round cup. To find the best group of dimensionless parameters and the fittest dimensionless relational model, three scales of the cup are evaluated numerically by a commercial finite element software and stepwise regression modeling. After analyzing all effective geometric parameters, a fittest relational model among dimensionless parameters is found. In addition, the results of the new dimensionless model were compared with the simulation process and experimental tests. From the results, it is inferred that the geometric qualities of a large scale can be predicted with a small scale by the proposed dimensionless model. Comparing the results of the dimensionless model with experimental tests shows that the proposed dimensionless model has fine precision in the determination of geometrical parameters and drawing force estimation. Moreover, to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed dimensionless model, the predicted value of the model has been compared by the experimental results. It is shown that the dimensionless ratios of geometrical parameters can significantly affect the estimation of the drawing force by the proposed dimensionless model, but based on similarity law, because of the constant value of these dimensionless parameters in different scales, they could not be used for dimensionless analysis separately. It is also inferred that because of the effect of contact area on the coefficient of friction, which is changed by scale changing, the only dimensionless parameter that can significantly change the drawing force is the coefficient of friction. Finally, it is shown that the dimensionless geometrical parameter and the coefficient friction should be combined for dimensionless analysis.

scholarly journals Analytical Performance Evaluation of GFDM in Underwater Acoustic Communication Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hilario-Tacuri ◽  
Leonel Soncco ◽  
Diego Donaires ◽  
Juan Borja
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Communication ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Communications Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has extended its concept to underwater environments. However, the implementation of these systems via wired communication still represents a technological challenge, mainly due to the high cost of their deployment. Therefore, wireless communications are seen as an interesting solution for the deployment of underwater communications systems. Preliminary research indicated that underwater acoustic wireless communication could be used for some Internet of Underwater Things applications, mainly due to the wide range of communications involved. However, a significant disadvantage of acoustic systems is their low transmission data rate; thus, studies and analyses to improve this disadvantage must be carried out. Considering that new waveforms have been proposed to improve the performance of terrestrial wireless communications systems, this work presents the development of general analytical expressions that allow the performance evaluation of the Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) waveform in underwater environments. These analytical expressions were obtained considering a continuous-time model for the GFDM signal and modeling the underwater acoustic communication channel as a time-varying multipath channel. Numerical results were obtained for many different systems and channel parameters, allowing a quantitative evaluation of the system performance degradation.

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