scholarly journals Oculomatic : High speed, reliable, and accurate open-source eye tracking for humans and non-human primates

2016 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Zimmermann ◽  
Yuriria Vazquez ◽  
Paul W. Glimcher ◽  
Bijan Pesaran ◽  
Kenway Louie
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Speed

scholarly journals EyeLoop: An Open-Source System for High-Speed, Closed-Loop Eye-Tracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Arvin ◽  
Rune Nguyen Rasmussen ◽  
Keisuke Yonehara
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Loop Design

Eye-trackers are widely used to study nervous system dynamics and neuropathology. Despite this broad utility, eye-tracking remains expensive, hardware-intensive, and proprietary, limiting its use to high-resource facilities. It also does not easily allow for real-time analysis and closed-loop design to link eye movements to neural activity. To address these issues, we developed an open-source eye-tracker – EyeLoop – that uses a highly efficient vectorized pupil detection method to provide uninterrupted tracking and fast online analysis with high accuracy on par with popular eye tracking modules, such as DeepLabCut. This Python-based software easily integrates custom functions using code modules, tracks a multitude of eyes, including in rodents, humans, and non-human primates, and operates at more than 1,000 frames per second on consumer-grade hardware. In this paper, we demonstrate EyeLoop’s utility in an open-loop experiment and in biomedical disease identification, two common applications of eye-tracking. With a remarkably low cost and minimum setup steps, EyeLoop makes high-speed eye-tracking widely accessible.

scholarly journals EyeLoop: An open-source, high-speed eye-tracker designed for dynamic experiments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Arvin ◽  
Rune Rasmussen ◽  
Keisuke Yonehara
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractEye-tracking is a method for tracking the position of the eye and size of the pupil, often employed in neuroscience laboratories and clinics. Eye-trackers are widely used, from studying brain dynamics to investigating neuropathology and disease models. Despite this broad utility, eye-trackers are expensive, hardware-intensive, and proprietary, which have limited this approach to high-resource facilities. Besides, experiments have largely been confined to static open-loop designs and post hoc analysis due to the inflexibility of current systems. Here, we developed an open-source eye-tracking system, named EyeLoop, tailored to dynamic experiments. This Python-based software easily integrates custom functions via a modular logic, tracks a multitude of eyes, including rodent, human, and non-human primate eyes, and it operates well on inexpensive consumer-grade hardware. One of the most appealing applications of EyeLoop is closed-loop experiments, in which the eyes evoke stimulus feedback, such as rapid neuronal optogenetic stimulation. By using EyeLoop, we demonstrate its utility in an open-loop, a closed-loop, and a biomedical experiment. With a remarkably low minimal hardware cost amounting to 29 USD, EyeLoop makes dynamic eye-tracking accessible to low-resource facilities, such as high schools, small laboratories, and small clinics.

scholarly journals ccNetViz: a WebGL-based JavaScript library for visualization of large networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (16) ◽  
pp. 4527-4529
Author(s):  
Ales Saska ◽  
David Tichy ◽  
Robert Moore ◽  
Achilles Rasquinha ◽  
Caner Akdas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Network Visualization ◽  
Supplementary Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Flow Of Information

Abstract Summary Visualizing a network provides a concise and practical understanding of the information it represents. Open-source web-based libraries help accelerate the creation of biologically based networks and their use. ccNetViz is an open-source, high speed and lightweight JavaScript library for visualization of large and complex networks. It implements customization and analytical features for easy network interpretation. These features include edge and node animations, which illustrate the flow of information through a network as well as node statistics. Properties can be defined a priori or dynamically imported from models and simulations. ccNetViz is thus a network visualization library particularly suited for systems biology. Availability and implementation The ccNetViz library, demos and documentation are freely available at http://helikarlab.github.io/ccNetViz/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

A History of Public Mapping

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Michael P. McDonald ◽  
Micah Altman
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Open Source ◽  
General Public ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Public Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equal Population ◽  
The Web

This chapter discusses the history of public mapping. The earliest reform efforts in redistricting were made possible because districts were primarily drawn out of large geographic units such as counties, which greatly simplified the redistricting task. That task grew more complex in the early 1960s, when the Supreme Court ruled that districts had to be of roughly equal population: counties would now often have to be split between two or more districts. The increasing computational demands effectively shut the public out of redistricting, since redistricting could be performed only on extremely costly computer systems. The reemergence of public mapping began in the 1990s, when states began offering public access to computer terminals loaded with their redistricting software and data. Eventually, two technological innovations by 2010 made public mapping available to the general public. Organizations and individuals are now able to leverage high-speed internet and open-source software to disseminate easy-to-use redistricting systems through the Web.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Speller Design Using Eye Tracking and SSVEP Brain–Computer Interface

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik M. Naeem Mannan ◽  
M. Ahmad Kamran ◽  
Shinil Kang ◽  
Hak Soo Choi ◽  
Myung Yung Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Large Numbers

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) have been extensively utilized to develop brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) due to the advantages of robustness, large number of commands, high classification accuracies, and information transfer rates (ITRs). However, the use of several simultaneous flickering stimuli often causes high levels of user discomfort, tiredness, annoyingness, and fatigue. Here we propose to design a stimuli-responsive hybrid speller by using electroencephalography (EEG) and video-based eye-tracking to increase user comfortability levels when presented with large numbers of simultaneously flickering stimuli. Interestingly, a canonical correlation analysis (CCA)-based framework was useful to identify target frequency with a 1 s duration of flickering signal. Our proposed BCI-speller uses only six frequencies to classify forty-eight targets, thus achieve greatly increased ITR, whereas basic SSVEP BCI-spellers use an equal number of frequencies to the number of targets. Using this speller, we obtained an average classification accuracy of 90.35 ± 3.597% with an average ITR of 184.06 ± 12.761 bits per minute in a cued-spelling task and an ITR of 190.73 ± 17.849 bits per minute in a free-spelling task. Consequently, our proposed speller is superior to the other spellers in terms of targets classified, classification accuracy, and ITR, while producing less fatigue, annoyingness, tiredness and discomfort. Together, our proposed hybrid eye tracking and SSVEP BCI-based system will ultimately enable a truly high-speed communication channel.

scholarly journals SnakeStrike: A Low-Cost Open-Source High-Speed Multi-Camera Motion Capture System

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grady W. Jensen ◽  
Patrick van der Smagt ◽  
Egon Heiss ◽  
Hans Straka ◽  
Tobias Kohl
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Camera Motion ◽  
Motion Capture System

scholarly journals Problem Based Learning on Cloud Economics Analysis Using Open Source Simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Data Center ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Paper Report ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Economics Analysis

The paper report the applicablity of open source simulation software called GreenCloud to assist a novel Problem Based Learning in a laboratory environment. The actual case of Indonesia government plan to deploy cloud based data center infrastructure was picked up as the actual case. In such case, cloud economics analysis is required along with technical one. An open source software called GreenCloud is suitebale to perform the simulation and analysis of cloud computing from economics perspective. It was applied into three models of cloud architecture namely Two-Tier, Three-Tier and Three-Tier High Speed and then analyzed in terms of their energy consumptions based on three options of cloud economics scheme, namely i) non energy savings, ii) Dynamics Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) and iii) Dynamics Shutdown (DNS).

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